Chiphunzitso
Wojambula waku American Pretko ndi mbuye wodziwika padziko lonse lapansi wazowonjezera, wayimirira poyambira ukadaulo wa ukadaulo wa ukadaulo wa utoto. Cholowa chake, chiwerengero Chake 836 chimagwira pa Canvas, tsopano chavotera mamiliyoni ambiri ndipo ali m'gulu lalikulu kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, kuphatikiza zojambulajambula za Tissen-Bornemis ku Madrid, komanso kwambiri Zojambula zamtengo wapatali "zojambula, zofiira, zachikasu" zimadziwika kuti ndi zinthu zamtengo wapatali., "Ayi. 10" ("Ayi. 6" ("Wachifumu," ("Royal, Yofiyira ").Ubwana ndi Unyamata
A Mark Votroko, yemwe kale anali wotchedwa Marcus Yakovlevich Votkovich, adabadwa pa Seputembara 25, 1903 mumzinda wa Chigawo cha Vatebbk, oyang'anira ndi chikhalidwe cha Convia tsopano. Mnyamatayo adalandira maphunziro athunthu ndipo adaphunzira kuyankhula ndikuwerenga m'zilankhulo zitatu. Mu malo omwe oimira chipembedzo cha Yudaisiti adaleredwa, milandu yachipembedzo komanso yandale nthawi zambiri imachitika, motero kuchokera kwa abale ndi alongo omwe amakhalapo poponderezana ndi mantha.
Mnyamatayo adatha kulandira maphunziro kusukulu yachiyuda, kenako kuteteza ana kuti asatumikire usilikali m'magawo a Ufumu wa Russia, banja limasamukira ku United States. Sikakhazikika ku Portland, Vottkovichi adapulumuka tsoka lomwe lidakumana ndi imfa ya wotakamwa, ndipo mwambowu udawapangitsa kuti ayambe kusokonezeka ndikuyambitsa moyo wawo.
Malingana ngati mayi ndi ana okulirapo amachepetsa njira zofunira, a Marcus mu 1921 adamaliza sukulu yachiwiri ya Lincoln ndipo, ndikuphunzira chilankhulo cha Chingerezi, adakhala membala wazokambirana za Myuda ndi aluso. Kumwa ndi mavuto a zofuna za anthu omwe amagwira ntchito ndi ufulu wa azimayi pakugwiritsa ntchito njira zolerera, pomwe wotchuka waku America wodziwika bwino ndi Emma Goldman adawonekera.
Kumva Kuyitanitsa Zaluso, mnyamatayu adalowa sukulu yopanga ndikumvetsera kwa maphunziro a dokotala wotchuka wambiri a Arkisi ku ku Armenian Kingdom ya Ottyman. Zitatha izi, a Marcus adasamukira ku League of Art Ophunzila ophunzira ophunzira ndipo adagwera mothandizidwa ndi a Max Weber, omwe adadziwika chifukwa cha ntchito yomwe ili mu Cubism.
Motsogozedwa ndi aphunzitsi aluso awa, Rothko ananena malingaliro ake a pentiyo ndikuzindikira kuti zojambulazo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chida cha kudzinenera komanso chipembedzo.
Pikicha yopentedwa
Zinyama zake, kuyimira matolesi ogwirizanitsa ndi zochitika za moyo wa nzika, zidazindikiridwa bwino ndi otsutsa. Zojambula za zojambula za Rotko zidaperekedwa pamalo ojambula ku New York ku New York, ndipo wojambulayo adapeza chidwi ndi olemba mbiri yakale pogwiritsa ntchito minda yazipatso ngati yolimbana ndi utoto wa America.
Makhalidwe omwe ntchitoyo "sasamba, kapena malo opezekapo pagombe" adayamba kusintha ndendeyo, yomwe utoto wamsondo udayamba njira yolemera kwambiri. Mu 1936, njirayi yopaka ululuyo imayesa kufotokoza mu ntchito yazomwezo, koma bukulo lomwe limanenapo kanthu komanso zopanga zopanga sizinatheke ndikufalitsidwa pa moyo waluso.
Poyesetsa kupitirira nkhani zomwe zinali ndi zochita zandale, Maliko ndi otsatirawa adatembenukira kwa anthu kuzindikira, zomwe zimapitilira malire a mbiri ndi chikhalidwe china. Ndipo kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, cholinga cha luso la ojambula chinali kudzaza zinthu zauzimu zamkati.
Zojambula zambiri, zolembedwa mothandizidwa ndi lingaliro ili, zidakhala kuyesanso kwa ziwembu zazopeka ndipo adalandira mayina a "Antipona", "Edip", "Grouthuus". Komabe, ndi nthawi, rotko adasiya kuyitanitsa ntchito yake ndikudzichepetsa kapena kufotokozera kwa mitundu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Zili m'gulu lotere la zojambulajambula zomwe zidafotokozedwa pakatikati yotchuka, yokhala m'gulu la Peggyheim, ndipo ngakhale adatsutsidwa kwambiri, ena a iwo adagulitsidwa pamtengo wa $ 150-750.
Pambuyo pake, ntchito yoswedwa kwa zaka 7 zakhala zikuwonetsedwa pachaka pa Museum of American whitney. Mtengo wa zojambula ngati "lavenda ndi mabulosi", "likulu loyera", "lofiira pa Bordeaux" ndi "buluu, zobiriwira, zobiriwira, zobiriwira, zidafika madola masauzande ambiri.
Kupambana kwa malonda sikunakondweretsere utoto ndi zaka za m'ma 1960, adatenga polojekiti yatsopano yotchedwa Chapel Votko. Chosangalatsa ndi chakuti wolemba lingaliro, lomwe linali kubadwa chibadwila, adaganiza zoyika m'chipindacho mu Katolika wa Roma Katolika. Zotsatira zake, ntchito yomwe yapangidwa monga gawo ili linali chikhazikitso cha zaka 10 zapitazi, zimatha kuwoneka mu chithunzichi m'mabuku ndi ma Albums.
Moyo Wanu
Kampani ya akatswiri a nothko adakumana ndi wopanga zodzikongoletsera, Edith shuga, ndipo mu 1933 mtsikana wokongola uyu adakhala mkazi wake. Mu 1937, okwatirana adasokonekera ndipo atayanjanansonso ndi zomwe sizingakhazikitse moyo wanu. Mu 1943, banjali lidatha, wojambulayo anali atatopa kwambiri, ndikumva zowawa za kusiyana.
Patatha zaka ziwiri, Rothko adakumana ndi wokondedwa watsopano ndipo posakhalitsa Mariya Alice Becell Aspice, omwe anzawo wamba anali ochezeka. Chifukwa cha mphamvu zake, wojambulayo adathamangitsa, otchuka kwambiri omwe anali "wolusa pang'onopang'ono m'mphepete mwa nyanja".
Pambuyo pake, okwatirana amayenda kwambiri. Paulendo wopita ku Europe mu 1950, anali ndi mwana wamkazi wotchedwa Kate polemekeza mayi wa rotko. Koma pambuyo matenda omwe amayambitsa kusabala, wojambulayo adasudzulidwa ndi Mnzake wachiwiri ndipo zaka zomaliza amakhala okha.
Imfa
Mu 1968, robto adayamba kudwala kufooka kwakuthupi, ndipo pambuyo pomuyesa, madotolo amapezeka kuwala kwa aneorta ndipo adapanga zidziwitso zingapo zomwe kupatula zolimbitsa thupi zopitilira muyeso. Koma Marko adanyalanyaza upangiri ndikupitiliza kugwira ntchito, kumwa ndi kusuta.Zotsatira zake, adayamba kuvutika ndi kukhumudwa komanso pa February 25, 1970 adadzipha. Patsikulo, ntchito yaposachedwa idafika pachipachi la rotko, thupi la ojambula lidapezeka pansi pa msonkhano. Pambuyo pa kutsegulira, zidapezeka kuti chomwe chimayambitsa kufa chinali chovuta cha Barbiturates, chomwe chinapangitsa kuyimitsidwa kwa mtima ndi kutulutsa ubongo.
Zojambula
- 1947 - "Chikasu, ofiira ndi lalanje"
- 1949 - "Violet, wakuda, lalanje, wachikasu pa zoyera ndi zofiira"
- 1949 - №3 / №13 ("magenta, chakuda, zobiriwira, zobiriwira")
- 1950 - "Malo oyera" ("chikaso, pinki ndi lavender pa Rose")
- 1951 - №2 (№7 ndi №2)
- 1953 - Wopanda Ulendo
- 1953 - №3.
- 1953 - №61 ("dzimbiri ndi buluu")
- 1954 - №1 ("Royal Red ndi Blue")
- 1956 - lalanje komanso wachikasu
- 1959 - "Wakuda pa Maroon"
- 1964-1967 - Votpo Chapel
- 1966 - Wopanda ("wogawika ndi buluu")