Chiphunzitso
Akatswiri a Soviet wazakatswiri wa Soviet Lev Semenovich Vygotsky anali gwero la chikhalidwe chachikhalidwe komanso mbiri yakale, kukonza gulu la ofufuza azaka zatsopano zokhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa ana. Kupanga ziphunzitso zopangidwa, asayansi ndi akatswiri ochita zaluso "aluso a Arp" ndi angapo omwe akupita patsogolo ndi zolemba.Ubwana ndi Unyamata
Lev Semenovich Vygotsky (koyambirira koyambirira) adabadwa paulendo wa Beventh 17, 1896 mu tawuni ya Ortha ndipo inali yachiwiri ya kutalika kwa ana a RA, Labovich ndi mkazi wake wa Cecuvia Mose. Ubwana womwe umachitika m'thupi wamtsogolo womwe umakhala ku Gomel, komwe bambo ake amagwira ntchito yothandizira woyang'anira nthambi yayikulu komanso yofanana ndi iyi idachita malonda m'nkhalango.
Kumeneko, a Leva, limodzi ndi abale ndi alongo asanu ndi awiri, adapita kwa ophunzira a kunyumba kwa mphunzitsi wa Solomo Asssiz, yemwe adachita njira za wafilosofi wakale wa Greek Socrates ndipo adadziwika kuti akusinthiratu. Kulankhulana ndi mphunzitsi uyu, komanso achibale athu ambiri adapangitsa kuti mnyamatayo abwere.
Mu 1913, kudutsa gawo la sekondale, mkango wokhala ndi chidziwitso cha Espantko ndi Chigriki akale ndi Chingerezi wasayansi kapena dokotala.
Zotsatira zake, miyezi yambiri ya Myudayo adalandira diploma ya mbiri yakale komanso ya filosofi ya maphunziro apamwamba. A. L. Schinayalksky ndipo nthawi ina adalembera magazini ndipo adagwira ntchito ngati mphunzitsi. Ndipo kumayambiriro kwa m'ma 1920s, pasukulu yaukadaulo yaukadaulo, adayamba kuyesa pankhani ya psychology, chifukwa msonkhano wonse wa ku Russia unasonkhanitsa zomwe zapezedwa ndikufalitsa lipoti loyamba la sayansi.
Maphunziro
Mu 1924, Levi Semenovich anakumana ndi wachinyamata wachinyamata Alexander Luria ndi limodzi ndi iye wopangidwa bwalo. Pamutu wa bungweli, vygotsky adayamba ulendo wakunja kupita ku Germany ndi United Kingdom. Kuteteza Msisi Umene Wasandulika Buku "Psychology of Act" ndi gawo losavuta "lokhala ndi ena, lokhala ndi mwayi wofufuza zamakono za sayansi ya zamankhwala.Mu 1925, adazengereza chifuwa chachikulu cha chifuwa chachikulu, pambuyo pake, pambuyo pake, lofalitsidwa ngati "tanthauzo la mbiri ya maganizo." Mu ntchitoyi, wolemba adatsutsa kuyesayesa kusanthula machitidwe a anthu mothandizidwa ndi malingaliro a ana oyambira komanso chifukwa cha zamatsenga ndi kupanda ungwiro kwa ana ndi malingaliro ake, kunagwirizana ndi lingaliro la kukhudzidwa ndi machitidwe aluntha omwe anali ndi tanthauzo lamphamvu.
Mukulemba ntchito yotsatirayi, yofalitsidwa mu 1934 yotchedwa "Kuganiza ndi Zolankhula"
Ndipo ntchito za vygotsitsky-luria "adasamutsidwira ku labotale ya bungwe lina la Moscow, pomwe wasayansi adadziwitsa anthu kuti ali ndi ntchito, ndikupanga lingaliro la njira imodzi.
Mu 1930s, Lev Semenovich adapanga njira zosiyanasiyana za psychology ya ma pladlogy ndikuyika maziko a chikhalidwe komanso mbiri yakale. Atalandira diploma wa katswiri wazachipembedzo, adalowera dipatimenti ku Moscow bungwe, wiem.
Moyo Wanu
Kuthandizira kofunikira kwambiri ku Soviet Science kunali kwachikondi m'moyo wa Lev Semenovich, koma, ngakhale zili choncho, m'zigawo zake, omwe adabereka sasekerera zaka 10 za ukwati Gita ndi Asya - ana aakazi awiri.
Atakhwima, atsikanawo adapita kumapazi a kholo ndikupanga ntchito yokhudza kuwerenga maganizo, kulakwitsa ndi biology, ndipo mu 1996 adakhala olemba buku la "L. S. Vygotsky. Strokes ku chithunzi "ndipo zithunzi zogawidwa ndi zojambula zosasindikizidwa zimasungidwa m'mabanja.
Imfa
Kwa zaka 15, a Lev Semenovich adatsanzira mavuto ndi mapapu, pa June 11, 1934 chifukwa cha imfa mwadzidzidzi ndi kufa mosasunthika kunali kuukira kwamphamvu kwa matenda a chifuwa chachikulu.Pofunsidwa kwa achibale miyezi 12 atatha mtembo, wozungulira wokhala ndi mapulusa a katswiri wazamankhwala adaikidwa m'manda a Novoodvich, ndipo masayansi ake sayansi adasungidwa ndi ntchito zingapo zosatsutsika.
Mawu
- "Mwana wosaneneka kwambiri amafunikira pokhapokha atakhazikika mu vyslichna."
- "Zowopsa ndizabwino kwambiri za mphamvu yayikulu ya anthu, chifukwa chake ndi chachikulu."
- "Munthu wa miniti yonse ali ndi mwayi wosasasa kosatheka."
- "Kukhala ndi mathedwe a njirayi, ndizotheka kumvetsetsa bwino njira yonse yonse, ndi tanthauzo la magawo amodzi."
- "Kuikidwa kochita zokha sikutanthauza malingaliro athu. Palibe zovuta, zikutanthauza kuti palibe chifukwa, chifukwa chake palibe chikumbumtima. "
M'bali
- 1924 - "kuzindikira ngati vuto la psychology yamakhalidwe"
- 1927 - "Tanthauzo la Zakale of the Viscist Vutol"
- 1928 - "Vuto la chitukuko cha mwana"
- 1929 - 1931 - "Medlogy Pedlogy"
- 1929 - "psychology ya munthu"
- 1931 - "Mbiri ya Kukula Kwa Ntchito Zapamwamba Zapamwamba"
- 1931 - "Kuganiza ndi Kulankhula"
- 1932 - "Zolemba pa Psychology"
- 1934 - "Vuto la chitukuko ndi kuwonongeka kwa ntchito zapamwamba zamaganizidwe"