A cikin 1864, Subnarine na Rasha ta bayyana. Tun daga wannan lokacin, aikin da inganta submanes a Rasha ba ya gushewa. Duk da maganganun da ba su da yawa da ba shi da yawa, a cikin ƙasar sama da filayen submanes 70 don dalilai da yawa. Da kogin Rasha, Jamus, Amurka, Netherlands, Faransa da China ta yi gasa. Kasar da ta gabata ta shiga cikin jerin shugabannin a shekarar 2019.
Nawa filayen jirgin ruwa a Rasha, da abubuwa masu ban sha'awa - a cikin kayan edita na 24cmi.
Jirgin Wutan lantarki na Malesel
A lokacin yakin duniya na farko, mai subramine "Peter Cat" ya bayyana. An gina shi a cikin sinadarin sirri. Ita ba wani jirgi mai 'yanci bane mai' yanci, sai dai ƙaramin ƙaramin abu. Jirgin ruwa na lantarki na Diesel ya zama dole don yankuna marasa gubobi da yankuna marasa ƙarfi, inda jirgin ruwan atomic bai iya motsawa ba. An gina nau'ikan nau'ikan irin waɗannan subararis ne: multspose, tare da rufe ko roka da roka.
Don Stroke Strocke, Jirgin Diesel suna sanye da injin, kuma don motsawa a ƙarƙashin ruwa - Motar lantarki. Wannan ra'ayin ya kawar da magabata - fetur da kerosene. A lokacin yakin duniya na farko, jirgin ruwa a kan injin dizal aka biya offiline tuni 1 mil mil. Amma irin wannan sufuri yana da kasawa: Tsarin motoci 2. Injin din Diesel da injin lantarki suka yi wani babban jirgin ruwa mai ciki. Buƙatar babban jirgin ruwa don sabis, saboda wannan, yanayin rayuwa akan subrineine ya zama ma muni.
A cikin 2018, a St. Petersburg, an saukar da sabon Submaroed a kan ruwa a kan ruwa. An gina ta a kan aikin 677 "Konstadt".
Killozoturbine
Jirgin ruwan kawai ban da Diesel da kuma motar lantarki da aka kara wani rukunin tururi-bubbin. A cikin lokutan Soviet, irin wannan suna cikin Submarine a ƙarƙashin sunan lambar C-99. An fara aikinta a cikin USSR a 1951. Bayan shekaru 5, ya shiga rundunar Soviet.
Don rage tsayayya yayin motsi a ƙarƙashin ruwa, manyan makamai sun fara sanya makamai a kan jirgin ruwa. Hannun da aka sanye da na'urorin torpedo. Tunda a Rasha wannan kwale-kwale yana cikin kwafi guda, kwatanta shi da komai, amma masu zanen sun sami fa'idodi. Jirgin ruwa mai zurfi yana iyo a babban gudu kuma tsawon nesa mai nisa a cikin cikakken juyawa. Rashin nasara: tare da saurin motsi a kan jirgin ruwa, ya zama mara nauyi, kuma wannan kuri'un da ke saiti ne, da wannan kenan da ke tattare da ayyukan kudaden da aka yi amfani da su na yau da kullun. Saurin S-99 ya kai ƙarar 20, wanda ya sa ya fi kyau a cikin USSR.
Jirgin ruwa ya kusan sau 100 a cikin teku. Lokacin fara shuka mai tururi mai kan tururi mai kantin turba, fashewar fashewa ta gudana a jirgin. A cikin batun akwai platoon na 80 cm, amma Cruser ya kai tushe. Dalilin shi ne fashewar hydrogen peroxide. Don dawo da jirgin, ana buƙatar kuɗaɗe. "Tashin tashin" ya gane da makamancin haka kuma ya warwatsa jirgin ruwa a kan karfe.
Na zarra
Kusan filleares 50 na nukiliya wani bangare ne na sojojin na sojan Rasha. An raba su zuwa nau'ikan 3: tare da makamai masu linzami, roka-torpedo makamai da dalilai na musamman. A shekara ta 1949, Igor Kurchatov ya ba da shawarar gina apple (Jirgin nuclear Submarine). Bayan shekaru 3, masanin lissafi A.. Alexandrov ya rubuta masa wata wasika da ya fada game da ra'ayin kirkira. A cikin 1958, Jirgin ruwa na farko a cikin USSR ya sauko a kan ruwa.
A shekarar 2020, jirgin bai a cikin matsayi ba, yana tsammanin samun kudade don sake aiki a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya. An fitar da shi daga rundunar Kogin North a cikin 1991, amma ƙarin ayyuka tare da shi sun "daskararre" saboda karancin kuɗi. Membobin jirgin sun sami lada a lokacin iyo da aiki a kan K-3. Jirgin ruwan da yake da sauri fiye da na Amurka na Amurka. A kan gwaje-gwaje, saurin naman societ ya kai 28 knots.
Wanda aka gina a karshe wanda aka gina a Rasha ya zama novomoskovsk. An kaddamar da shi a 1990, an gina shi a kan dabbar dolfin. A shekara ta 2016, hotunan murfi a cikin yankin da Murmansk ya bayyana. Bayan gyara a cikin 2012, an dawo dashi don yin aiki na tsawon shekaru 10. Ga maɗauriyar subbine, waɗanda aka zaɓa waɗanda aka zaɓa, waɗanda akan lokaci suka fara yin tsoro a kan abokan adawar: "Puma", "Muren", "Muren".
Konen safsen
4 Subtares sun yi a cikin USSR da 2 a Rasha. Wannan duk asarar da ake asarar a yayin wanzuwar APF tun lokacin da sabuwar sabuwar dabara. Farkon Crimer Sand a 1970 a cikin Battay Bay. Sakamakon gajeren da'ira, mutane 52 suka mutu. Daga Submarine na zamani a cikin 2000, Kursk ya tafi ƙasa. Babu irin asara a cikin tarihin sojojin ruwa, saboda mutane 118 suka mutu, ba wanda ya tsira. Fashewa ya faru a cikin sakan, jirgin ruwan ya shiga cikin ruwa zuwa zurfin mita 108. Hakan ya faru a cikin Bahallolin. A cikin shekaru 3, wani Submarine SANK - K-159. An sami mutane 104 a jirgin, 9 daga cikinsu bai dawo ba.
Ba kamar sauran ƙasashe ba, Rasha ta ba da ƙididdigar hatsari ba. Wata ƙasa guda ɗaya kaɗai - Amurka, amma masifar ta ƙarshe ta faru a cikin 1968.
Abubuwan ban sha'awa
1. Leonardo da Vinci ya jagoranci rikodin, wanda bayan mutuwarsa ya fada hannun masana kimiyya. A shafuffu sun datawa 1502th, sun sami zane na jirgin ruwa. Tana da ƙarshen magana da ƙyanƙyashe tare da ƙyanƙyashe don ƙofar. A wannan lokacin, masu bincike basu fahimci irin wannan "inji" ba.
2. A zurfin ba zai yuwu a bude kyamarar mafita ba saboda matsin lamba.
3. A cikin shekaru 12 kawai a cikin USSR, Subicares 122 Atomic Suberarines aka gina. Wannan lokacin daga 1967 zuwa 1979.
4. An yi amfani da na farko da aka kirkira a matsayin postmen. An kwashe su ta hanyar haruffa da kuma parcels.
5. Jirgin ruwa na ruwa mai zurfi tare da injin daban ko guda. Amma dukansu wajibi ne don motsi. A zamanin nan, tushenta mutum ne wanda aka sa a cikin aiki jirgin ba kawai a ruwa ba, har ma a ƙarƙashinsa. Daga baya motar lantarki ta bayyana.
6. A cikin USSR, jirgin ruwa ya fita cikin teku na watanni. An gaya wa masu sayar da kayayyakin yadda aka tanadar da kayayyakin abinci, kuma kawai irin ƙarfafawa ne ga ƙungiyar ita ce kallon ruwa a cikin ra'ayi.
7. Domin jirgin ruwa mai zurfi don nutsar da zurfin, tankuna da ruwa suna kan jirgin. Ba tare da "Ballast" ba, zai kasance a farfajiya, saboda dokar Archimedes ba za ta yi aiki ba. Dangane da ka'idodi, nauyin jikin da ba'a yi ba daidai yake da nauyin ruwan ya yi gudun hijira ba. Don hawa farfajiya daga "Ballast" don kawar da matsin iska.