Biography
Marseille Dushan, along with painters Pablo Picasso and Henri Matisse, influenced the development of visual art at the beginning and mid-1900s. He walked a versatile developed man who fond of music and chess, and now his name is a premium for young artists.Childhood and youth
Henri-Robert Marsel Dushan was born on July 28, 1887 in the Norman family, where Grandfather was considered a recognized Watercolor Master and Engravings. His future biography was predetermined from childhood, which passed in the house, full of paintings and sculptures.
Educated and intelligent parents loved music and literature, and also played chess with acquaintances and friends in the evenings. The brothers and elder sisters of Marseille received academic education, and gifted by nature the boy soon went on their footsteps.
At first he went to study at the Rueny Lyceum of Pierre Cornelel and was strong in mathematics and a number of humanitarian sciences. In 1903, he received the first prize for painting and decided to pay attention to artistic creativity.
The teachers noted the congenital talent of young Dushan and wanted him to develop as a classic realist. But the teenager fell under the influence of modern avant-garde flows and preferred bright paints and a confident solid brush.
Having spent the summer holidays with a brother-artist Jacques Viyon, Marseille wrote a series of impressionistic oil and watercolor work. Then he began to experiment with classic visual techniques and eventually managed to develop a unique creative approach.
Then, in the process of 2 years of study at the Academy of Juliana, the young man became famous as a master of cartoons and caricatures. They were popular due to humorous obscene inscriptions and were a verbal and visual pun.
Personal life
In the personal life of Marseille Dushan there were three absolutely different women, and, according to the memories of contemporaries, happiness came only with the last of them. Alexina Suttler, daughter of the surgeon, surpassed the first wife and mistress and spent 14 years with an artist in conversations about art and chess.Painting
The early work of the artist was exhibited in the Society of Autumn Salons, which organized the architect named Franz Jourden. Graphics and watercolor drawings received negative reviews of contemporaries and outraged such masters of painting, like Paul Cezanne and Eugene Carrier.
In early 1910, Dushan met a number of celebrities and under the influence of modernism and cubons created a series of experimental work. In the painting "Sad young man in a train", he used the principle of the 4th dimension and pulled the central figure, violating the traditional approach.
After that, a picture "Nude, descending on the stairs" appeared, in which the author used the principle of a stroboscope and a translucent color gradient. Before this, Marseille made a dozen sketches in the form of a film and eventually painted the movement process, thoroughly thinking every moment.
The work of Duzane caused disputes associated with the composition and title, nevertheless, he was taken to the exhibition "Salon independent" in 1912. After that, the artist wrote only one picture in such a style, because it became a theorist of art and showed a tendency to surrealism.
He made a number of installations with randomly taken objects that could be a wooden plank, rope or wheel. Many works are lost on the initiative of Marseille, but the remaining works stirred by French society.
In 1915, the artist moved to the United States and acquired patrons that estimated his original talent. By participating in the organization of exhibitions of contemporary art, the Frenchman created the Société Anonyme group, which helped to glorify the floor of Clee and other masters.
In the American period, Dushan became close to some representatives of Dadaism, style, which reflected the consequences of the Bloody World War. His ambiguous work "Fountain", in fact, former urinal with an autograph, was rejected by the Society of independent and caused scandals and disputes.
In 1918, Marseille unexpectedly left art and soon gained fame as a talented chess player. He participated in the France championship and played a long party with John Milton Cage, which was positioned as a grandmaster-amateur, composer and instrumentalist.
Death
Duzane's death due to infarction has become a surprise for relatives and loved ones, who learned the sad news in 1968. Inheritance, the descendants of Marseille left a work called "this", which could be seen only through a small well.Paintings
- 1902 - "Game"
- 1910 - "Paradise, Adam and Eva"
- 1911 - "Sad young man in the train"
- 1911 - "Portrait of chess players"
- 1912 - "Nude, descending on the stairs"
- 1915 - "Spun aromance in advance"
- 1917 - "Fountain"
- 1919 - L.h.O.O.Q.
- 1923 - "Bride, divided by his bachelors, one in two faces" ("Big Glass")
- 1925 - "Rotating hemisphere"
- 1945 - 1966 - "This"