Biography
In 1874, an event that opened a new era in painting occurred in Paris. A group of radical artists, tired of the conservatism of the ruling circles of the French world of art, showed her work at an independent exhibition of impressionists. Then, along with the painters by Claude Monet and Edgar Degas, the paintings put the paintings of a secular portrait of Auguste Renoir.Childhood and youth
Pierre Auguste Renoir was born on February 25, 1841. His hometown was located in the south-west of France of the commune of Limoges. The artist was a sixth child from seven children of the poor tailor Leonard and his wife, seamstress Margarita. Despite the fact that the family barely reduced ends with the ends, the parents grabbed the time and love to delay the attention and tenderness of each of their offspring.
As a child, Pierre was a nervous and impressionable boy, but Leonard and Margarita sympathetically belonged to the kids. Father asked her son when Augus was dragged with pencils and tailor chalks, and the mother - when he painted on the walls of the house. In 1844, Renuara moved to Paris. Here Auguste entered the church choir with a large Cathedral of Saint-Estash.
Regent Choral Charles Guno, having heard the singing of Auguste, for a couple of weeks tried to convince the parents to give the author of the author's painting "Girl with a fan" in a music school. However, as a result, Pierre the illusory world of sounds preferred painting. Leonard gave the heir to the Levi Brothers factory engaged in the manufacture of products from the porcelain, when it was 13 years old. There, the boy learned to draw, decorating the plates, pots and vases by images that came from under his brush.
When in 1858, the company went bankrupt, Young Renoir, being in search of other sources of income, painted the walls of the cafe, blinds and canopies, copying the work of the Rococo - Antoine artists, Jean Onor Fragonar and Francois Bush. According to biographers, this experience influenced the subsequent creativity of the schedule.
It was the works of the XVIII century masters awaken in the author of the painting "Rosa" love for bright colors and nonsense lines. Soon Auguste realized that his ambitions were closely as part of imitative work. In 1862, he entered the school of graceful arts. His mentor was the Swiss artist Mark Gabriel Charles Gleir, adhered to the creation of paintings by the academic tradition of drawing.
According to this tradition, the works are written exclusively on the historical or mythological motive, and only dark colors prevail in the visual palette. Such canvas of the jury of the salon took the annual official exhibition, which gave the opportunity to declare themselves to beginner painters. During the training of Renuara at the Academy, the coup in the world of France was called.
Artists of the Barbizon School of Painting have increasingly depicted on their phenomena of everyday life using the game of light and shadow. Also, the famous reality of Gustave Kourbe in all stated that the task of the painter is to display reality, and not idealized scenes in academic style. Renoir, as well as his buddies - fellow students Claude Monet and Alfred Sisley, knew about the revolutionary sentiments reigning in the air.
Once comrades to designate their position, during classes, without the permission of Gleira, they went outside and began to draw an open-air thing that they were surrounded. First of all, novice artists came to Fontainebleau Forest. This place for 20 years inspired impressionists to write masterpieces. There Renoir met the Zhake Gustaven Kurba, whose influence is visible in the picture of 1866 "Kharchevny Mother Antoni". The canvas depicting a non-idealized, everyday scene of life became a symbol of the failure of Auguste from the academic tradition of drawing.
Painting
Creative maturity comes to impressionists at the same time - with the onset of the 70s, which posted the beginning of the best decade in their art.The most fruitful these years were in the artistic fate of Renuara: "Family History", "naked in the sunlight", "Pont Nevel", "Riders in the Boulogne Forest", "Lodge", "Women's Head", "Large Boulevards" "Walk "," Swing "," Ball in Le Moulin de la Gaette "," Portrait of Zhanna Samari "," First Departure "," Madame Sharpiate with your children "," Dance in the city "," Cup of chocolate "," umbrellas ", "On the terrace", "big swimsters", "breakfast of rowers" is not a complete list of masterpieces created by Auguste during this period.
It is striking not only the quantity, but also an amazing genre variety of work. Here are landscapes, still lifes, and naked nature, and portraits, and household scenes. It is difficult for any of them to give preference. For Renuara, they are all links of one chain, the personification of a living, aispit flow of life.
His brush, at all without having surveated against the truth, with an amazing ease, turned a non-remarkable maid into a penny goddess of beauty. This quality manifests itself in the work of Renoara almost from the first of his steps in art, as evidenced by the picture "Floor" (the second name - "Swimming on Seine").
Her plot served a lively resting on the banks of the river public, the charm of a sunny day, a silver shine of water and blue air. External gloss did not get involved in Renoara. He wanted to be not beautiful, but natural. To achieve this, the Creator abandoned the traditional interpretation of the composition, giving work a view of an instantly taken picture.
In the 80s, Renoire was working with special demand. Pierre wrote pictures for financiers and wealthy shop owners. His canvas were exhibited in London, Brussels, as well as at the seventh international exhibition in Paris.
Personal life
Renoir loved women, and they answered him reciprocating. If we list the beloved painters, giving the brief biographical certificate of each, the list would be a weighty volume. The simulators who worked with the artist stated that Auguste never marry. The famous portraitist Muse, the actress Zhanna Samari, said that Pierre through the touch of a brush to the canvas is combined with a marriage with women whom he writes.
Introducing the glory as a talented impressionist, Renoir in the mid-1890s joined the new stage of his life. The long-standing mistress of Augusta - Lisa Treo married and left the artist. Pierre began to gradually lose interest in impressionism, returning in works to the classics. It was during this period that the author of the painting "Dances" met the young Beloshwear Alina Sharigo, who subsequently became his wife.
Pierre met the future wife in the dairy Madame Kamil. Despite the difference in age (Sharigo was the younger husband for 20 years), mutual craving to each other Renuara and Alina could not be noticed. A well-folded young lady, according to the artist, was very "cozy".
She wanted to constantly stroke the back like a kitten. In painting, the girl did not understand, but looking at how Pierre whales wrapping, experienced an amazingly exciting feeling of completeness of life. Alina, who knew the lot and in good kitchen, and in good fault, became a wonderful wife for the artist (although they entered into an official marriage only five years old, after the birth of the first son of Jean).
She never tried to impose himself to the surround of her husband, preferring to express his attitude towards the beloved and his friends through cooked dishes. It is known that when the lovers lived on Montmartre, the renoara house, with limited funds, heard the most accrue. Guests were often treated with boiled beef with vegetables.
Having become an artist, Alina managed to facilitate his life, fencing the Creator from everything that could prevent his work. Sharigo quickly gained universal respect. Even the monaster of Degas, seeing her once at the exhibition, said that Alina is like a queen who visited the stray acrobats. It is known that, being married to Sharigo, the author of the "Two sisters" paintings often entered into intimate proximity with his simulators.
True, all these carnal inputs and romantic love did not threaten the position of Madame Renoir, because she was the mother of his children (the sons of Pierre, Claude and Jean were born in marriage), the hostess in his house and the one who did not move away from Pierre When he was sick. In 1897, because of the complications after the hand fracture, the health of the painter deteriorated sharply. The artist suffered from rheumatism, but, even being chained to a wheelchair, continued to create new masterpieces.
The leader of the flow of Fovist Henri Matisse, who regularly visited the paralyzed Renoire in his studio, once, without holding himself, asked about the feasibility of such a hard work accompanied by a constant pain. Then the Auguste, I do not hesitate for a second, answered a friend that the pain he is experiencing will pass, and the beauty created by him will remain.
Death
In recent years, the same topics have varied in the works of Renuara: the swimsters, oodalists, allegorical figures and portraits of children. For the artist, these images were a symbolic designation of youth, beauty and health. The South Sun of Provence, the attractiveness of the female body, the cute face of the child - in them I was embodied for the author's "Bouquet" of the joy of being, what he dedicated his art.The First World War broke the usual course of the chart. So, from the experiences of the sons who went to the front, the spouse of the painter Alina suddenly died. Having become a widow, tormented by disease and hunger, Auguste, by virtue of his character, did not refuse art, not overshadowed by the severity of the surrounding reality. When the reality no longer gave food for creativity, he scolded inspiration in the simulators and in the garden, scorched on the slope of the chill.
The famous impressionist died of pneumonia on December 3, 1919, having time to finish his last work "Still-life with anemonia". The seventy one-year old man before the last sigh remained an incorrigible admirer of sunlight and human happiness. Now the works of Renoara are decorated with the Gallery of Europe.
Work
- 1869 - "Floor"
- 1877 - "Portrait of Zhanna Samari"
- 1877 - "First Departure"
- 1876 - "Ball in Moulin de la Gaette"
- 1880 - "Figures in the garden"
- 1881 - "Rolling Breakfast"
- 1883 - "Dance in Buval"
- 1886 - "Umbrellas"
- 1887 - "Big swimsters"
- 1889 - "Bratka"
- 1890 - "Girls in the meadow"
- 1905 - "Landscape near Canoe"
- 1911 - "Gabriel with Rose"
- 1913 - "Court of Paris"
- 1918 - "Odalisk"