Biography
Already early masterpieces Valentina Serov, among which the famous "girl with peaches" opened the world of a talented portraitist. Several years have passed, and the master reached the peak of perfection, finding laconic and expressive ways of image character character.
Serov's painting technician allowed the artist to reach portrait similarity even without drawing a person, and pencil portraits with his light hand for the first time became full-fledged works of art. Landscapes, paintings on historical and mythological topics, animalism - everything was able to master. But the main thing, he could at first glance to catch the essence of a person or phenomenon.
Childhood and youth
The artist was born in January 1865 in St. Petersburg. Serov's parents are composers and musicians. Mom Valentina Bergman - from the Jewish family, containing a bench of colonial goods in Moscow. Music's passion led a 18-year-old girl in the St. Petersburg conservatory, but due to contradictions with the leader Valentina left his studies.
Private lessons at the 43-year-old musician Alexander Serov ended in marriage with a tutor, which is older Muscovite for 26 years. Valentina Serov is the first woman composer of Russia.
A year later, the pair was born the firstborn, who was named Valentin, for home - Troy. At 4 years old, the boy visited Europe. He grew up in a bohemian environment where everything was drawn by art. Ivan Turgenev, Ilya Repin, Mark Antorthski was frequent guests in the Grocery Hospital House.
A happy childhood ended for Valentina Serov in 6 years with the death of his father. Mom, a nihistka and a fan of Nikolai Chernyshevsky, sent a boy to the Smolensk province, where Nina Drutskaya's friend lived on Micolsky farm. He herself went to Munich to write Opera and raise skill.
Memories of the commune followers of Chernyshevsky, which determined the boy Dutskaya, painful. The relationship with the aunt was not and the relationship with the aunt: for the small prank, the woman broke the picture of a small artist, he cut off his favorite princess dress.
A year later, Valentin Serov went to the mother. The woman noticed the ability of the Son to drawing and identified an 8-year-old boy to study to Munich Garle Kepping. But here, the young artist was not delayed: in a year, in 1874, the mother on the council of the artist of the Antorthorate transported the Son to Paris, confident in the training of Toshi Repin, who was in the Zenith of Glory after the "Burlakov on the Volga".
A year later, Valentina Serov continued. In 1875, he returned to Russia with his mother and settled in the near Moscow estate of Mamontov's princes in Abramtsevo, where he spent the summer.
In the fall, the mother broke out a novel with a nihylist Vasily Nemchinov. Couple, taking Toshu, went to Kiev, and then to the chutor of Nemchinovy in the Kharkiv province. With the son of a civilian wife, Vasily Ivanovich had friendly relations. Soon the boy appeared in the family, who was called Sasha.
In 1878, Valentina Serov and Children left the farm because of the proceeding plague and went to the capital. The husband stayed to treat sick peasants. In Moscow, Serov gave birth to a daughter Nadyu and learned about the death of the civilian wife who became infected with the plane.
In the spring, the woman left the eldest son in the capital to the care of Ilya Repin and left with children in the Novgorod province. Valentin Serov went to the 3 class of the metropolitan gymnasium, where he studied from the hands badly, but the boy's pencil drawings admired everyone.
The first portraits of the 14-year-old Serov wrote in 1879, depicting the sawwa Mamontov and Repin's patron. The works were extremely liked, but from the gymnasium of a negligent student was kicked out. Valentin Serov went with a teacher to travel. They drove Ukraine, visited the Crimea, and in the summer they stopped in Abramtsevo.
A year later, his hometown appeared in the biography of Valentina Serov: in 1880, the young artist entered the Imperial Art Academy, in the class of Pavel Chistyakov, who robbed Mikhail Vrubel, Ilya Repina, Vasily Polenov.
The mutual admiration of Serov and Chistyakova ended in 5 years: a young artist, without graduating course, went to independent swimming: he continued to study in Europe, studying the canvas of masters in Italian and Dutch museums.
Painting
Valentina Serov's art glances influenced Abramtsevo. In the estate of Mamontov, a portrait of the daughter of the patron - a 12-year-old faith Mammoth, called "girl with peaches". Faith posed the artist for a month and a half.
Valentin Serov, drawing a girl, achieved a goal - "the special freshness that you always feel in kind and you do not see in the pictures." Young simulator on the canvas and truth shines children's freshness.
A young master put even more work in the work of "Girl lit by the Sun". The picture shows Maria Simonovich, a cousior sister Serov. The main thing on the canvas is the game of solar glare makebinding through the foliage. The artist dreamed of ease of perception of the painted. He fell that "in the current century everything is written, no longer."
Before Masha Valentin Serov set the task: remembering pleasant. Looking at the canvas, the audience is really "drowning" in the serenity of the simulators, feeling the warmth of sunny "bunnies".
Both paintings lovers of painting first saw in 1888 at the Moscow exhibition of the Mobile. Impressionists estimated the innovation of the master, boldly mixed portrait genres, interior and landscape.
In Abramtsev, Serov created a portrait of Olga Trubnikova, the bride. In early 1889, the couple had married and went to the exhibition in Paris. Returning in six months to Russia, Valentin Serov traveled around the country and mostly worked over portraits.
Serov is no wonder called the portrait of the royal family. In 1892, the nobles of the Kharkiv province in honor of the wonderful salvation of the imperial family when painting the composition at the Borki station ordered a picture. With Alexander III, Valentin Serov met once, so it was necessary to work on the photographs of the king, and sketches of portraits of royal offspring - Ksenia, Mikhail and Olga - drew from nature.
The painter was allowed to attend the coronation of Tsar Nicholas II in the Assumption Cathedral. So in 1896 a picture of the "Miropomanazing of the Emperor's Soviet" appeared.
Later, Valentin Serov created the front portraits of Alexander III and Nicholas II, and on the order of the Empress Alexandra Fedorovna, the artist painted the "home" portrait of the king in a pressurope. Later, the colleague Serov - Konstantin Korovin - noticed that the sulfur is the first who noticed and displayed softness on the canvas, intelligence and weakness of the emperor.
Thanks to the genius of the artist, contemporaries know how Ilya Repin, Isaac Levitan, Nikolai Leskov and dozens of artists of the beginning of the twentieth century.
From 1898 to 1909, Valentin Serov led the workshop of the Moscow School of Painting. His teacher was named Kuzma Petrov-Vodkin, Pavel Kuznetsov and Martiros Saryan.
Drawing portraits, Valentin Serov believed the most important task to convey emotions, sense of characters. The brightest proof of the achievement of the goal is the "portrait of Miki Morozov", written in 1901 and recognized by contemporaries and descendants ingenious.
In the 1910s, the Master collaborated with the entrepreneur and the organizer of the Russian Seasons by Sergey Dyagilev. Valentin Serov portrayed the theatrical figure, created a poster for the performance of the ballerina Anna Pavlova, wrote a portrait of a naked dancer Ida Rubinstein.
The image of the dancer surprised Serov contemporaries. At the end of the creative path, the artist left the realism of the heads towards modernism. The deformed body of Ida, deprived of the flesh, with unnaturally long hands and legs, Rampin called the "galvanized corpse."
At the same time, the connoisseurs of art received the painting "Abduction of Europe" from Matra, inspired by visiting the company Lion Baksta Island Crete. In the picture, Valentin Serov used a bright range: red bull on the background of purple-blue waves. On the canvas, the first hints on abstractionism are visible.
One of the latest masterpieces of Marta - the portrait of the princess Olga Orlova, which was called the "first at the courtyard of the lady" and the "most elegant woman of St. Petersburg". Over the Lion's Lion's Polyspar worked since 1909, finished his job after the break in 1911 and was extremely pleased with the portrait that it was not typical for Serov.
Thin art connoisseurs caught in the portrait of an eagle ridicule of an artist over a character, a kind of parody of the lady.
Noble people dreamed of the portrait of Valentina Serov and at the same time they were afraid, because the painter was heard with an excellent physiognomist. He saw a person through, representing even the fact that the fitter tried to hide. Such is the portrait of Young Felix Yusupova, the smug and capricious heir to the millionth state, bisexual and the future killer Grigory Rasputin. Even Pug Felix emphasizes the master of the owner.
Several films shot about the life and work of the brilliant portraitist. In 2015, the documentary tape "Valentin Serov. Biography and geography - Abramtsevo.
Personal life
With the love of the whole of his life, Olga Trubnikova, the painter met at Simonovy, relatives on the motherboard, raising the Syrotot. 9 years old lovers rewrote and waited for an hour when fate could connect.In January 1889, the couple was married: Valentin Serov sold the "Girl lit by the Sun" canvas and played a wedding for the money received. At the wedding in the St. Petersburg temple, Ilya Repin was present. Serov settled in Moscow. Some children were born one after another.
About the personal life and family of a portraitist removed the film released within the program of the cycle "More than love".
Death
Early in the morning in early December 1911, Valentin Serov gathered paints and brushes to go to the village of Shcherbatov's princes to draw family portraits. An unexpected heart attack piled him from his feet. The 46-year-old artist died instantly. The spouse survived her beloved husband for 11 years.
The death of the artist in Russia was perceived as tragic as the death of Alexander Pushkin and Lion Tolstoy. I buried Valentina Serov on the Don Cemetery, but later suffered as dust at Novodevichi.
Work
- 1875 - "Blue Vase"
- 1885 - "Self-portrait"
- 1885 - "Portrait of O. F. Trubnikova"
- 1887 - "Girl with peaches"
- 1888 - "The girl illuminated by the Sun"
- 1889 - "Portrait of P. A. Mammoth"
- 1892 - "I. E. Repin "
- 1893 - "I. I. Levitan "
- 1899 - "A. S. Pushkin "
- 1899 - "Alexander III"
- 1900 - "Nicholas II"
- 1901 - "Mika Morozov"
- 1902 - "Z. N. Yusupova "
- 1904 - "S. P. Dyagilev "
- 1909 - "Anna Pavlova"
- 1910 - "Abduction of Europe"
- 1910 - "Ida Rubinstein"
- 1911 - "Portrait of O. K. Orlova"