Biography
Jean Coctet was called the French version of Oscar Wilde: the same sexual orientation, a rich wardrobe and a huge number of rooted aphorisms. The writer and the director spinning in the very epicenter of the cultural life of Paris, dipped into new-fashioned surrealism and Dadaism, experimented with a change in consciousness - by the hypnotic trans-opium and dreams to reveal. Jean threw out of extreme to extreme, but he remained a serious artist who tried to find answers to eternal questions.Childhood and youth
Jean was born in the town of Meson-Luffit under Paris in the family of people secured, versatile and creative. Father, who made a career career, painted well at the amateur level. When the son turned 9 years old, brought abacus with life. The event to the depths of the soul shocked the Little Jean, in the future he will call the death of "my beloved" and will make this topic of central in many works.
The grandfather was upbringing and forming a child, determining the grandson in one of the best metropolitan lyceums. The man walked the connoisseur of music, arranged at home concerts, was a collector - including the meeting of musical instruments, paintings by Ezhen Delacroix and Jean Engra, as well as Greek statues.
Creation
Jean Cocteo with fervor dipped into different artistic areas. Tried the role of the poet and prose, musician and artist, tried forces in the cinema.
Creative biography of Koketo is primarily poetry. As the poet made his debut in 1906, the first poems of the "Lamp of Alladina", "Furious Prince", "Sofokla Dance" came out of the feather. Poems The writer considered the basis of art, the collections went throughout life. The most famous books - "Dictionary", "Leon", "Greek rhythm".
In the collection "Opera", the poet gives tribute to surrealism, and the motives of Dadaism are traced in the verses. At the Sunset of Life, Jean Cocteo seemed to prefigner a quick care, having created the Poem "Requiem" a year before the death, united the main directions of the writer's creativity.
In art circles, a young man came in the mid-1910s. I got acquainted and got close to Marseille Pristom, Pablo Picasso, Eric Sati, Edith Piaf. Until that time, Jean threw to classic art, but under the influence of Prut and Sergey Dyagileev began to revise views. The writer and theatrical actor called Cocteo to work with Russian ballet. As a result, Jean wrote libretto for this troupe. Parallel, works were born for performances and in other theaters.
In 1913, Jean got acquainted with the work of Igor Stravinsky, even entered the circle of friends of the famous composer. Five years later he dedicated Igor Mikhailovich the book "Potab".
Participation in the drama did not affect without scandals. Cockto marked the beginning of the formation of the performances of a new type, which reflected the moods of the "lost generation", and all traditions denied. So, in the tandem with eccentric Sati and Picasso, Jean in 1917 presented the vanguard's avant-garde ballet "Parade". For the first time on the poster, the word surrealism appeared. Elements of sports and acrobatics were used.
Thinking of the writer was formed under the influence of Sati. Koketo called the music of the composer is simple and understandable, love for the musician was reflected in the book "Rooster and Harlequin." However, by the mid-20s, avant-garders have already criticized in the Essay "Call for Order".
Jean was fascinated by antique mythology, began to rewrite the plots of the "Antigona" Pieces, "Tsar Edip", "hellish car" to the new way. The most significant, according to the researchers, was the myth of OFEE. This play is the stem of the writer's creativity.
At the same time, the poet also turns into a prose - the first work became the novel "Samozvanaya Toma", in which Jean shares his impressions from the First World War. An interesting fact: there are practically no such things on his writings in the list that would differ from each other - themes and images wander from the book in the book. However, the mansion is worth the novel "Horrible Children" (1929), where the heroes die, and there is no chance to go beyond the "Green Paradise of Children's Love."
Before World War II, the Light Sign Station on the Piece "Indifference Handsome" dedicated to Edith Piaf. The premiere of the play took place in the "Buff-Parisen" theater. During the war with the Nazis, Jean distinguished himself in the fact that in the open declared sympathy for Hitler and even performed orders for the occupiers. In the diary wrote:
"In Hitler, we have a poet that is not given to understand monotonous people."In general, during the Second World Code, he worked fruitful, having released two books and putting five plates.
In the circle of interests of the Frenchman included drawing. He showed himself as a talented schedule. In the early 20s, the album of the figs of Jean, who began with saying:
"The poets do not paint. They seem to unleash their handwriting and again tie it with another way. "Coco compared drawing with the work of the writer - she tried to transfer to the paper not seen, but experienced on his own experience. Especially succeeded in a graphic portrait genre.
It was in the life of Jean Kokto one more important direction to which he gave strength and emotions. This is a cinema. The man himself wrote scenarios and himself performed director. The first picture of the poet's blood was removed in 1930, putting the beginning of the trilogy on the topic of the myth about the musician and the poet of Orphey. The actions of the legend suffered currently.
Then I sat down in the layer of the director only after the war. The writer created a film based on the fairy tale "Beauty and the Beast", inviting the main roles of Jozette Day and Jean Mare. Filmography included paintings "Double-headed eagle", "terrible parents", as well as the continuation of the trilogy "Orpheus" and "ORPhea's testa". The last tape is notable for the fact that this is a self-portrait of the author and financed by Francois Truffo, an ardent fan of Cokto.
The director passed through this drama faith in the fact that the mirrors are the portal to other measurements, help penetrate the time and space. The image of Orpheus embodied the same Jean Mare. The hero lives in a country house with his beloved wife Euridic, which Marie Dea plays.
A few months before the death of Jean presented the last film. They became a short tape "Message of Jean Cocteau, addressed to 2000." The writer is the only character of the picture, which appeals to future generations with speech. Here he once again demonstrated the ability to speak eloquently. Familiar and friends argued that Jean spoke better than everyone in France.
The descendants left the writer and the book of memoir essays "Portraits-Memories" (1935), where Koketo talks about young years, draws portraits of actors of the Paris scene and famous writers. He compares life with a "magnificent performance" and rejoices that it happened to become a acting person.
Personal life
Personal life Jean Cockt never hid, he was bisexual. Two years lived with Russian actress Natalia Palei. A loud romance happened to the brilliant young writer Reimon Radia, and then until the death consisted of relations with Jean Mare.
The story of the love of the writer and the actor began in 1937 - the couple met in the Paris Theater "Atelier", where he was preparing the possession of the play of Jean "King Edip". Mare conquered a writer with beauty and was immediately approved on the main role.
Thanks to the support of the patron, Mare turned into a famous actor. Cocteo devoted to the beloved poems, painted portraits, involved in his performances and films.
The writer was a opium drug addict, in his youth smoked three dozen tubes with this substance. I heard a convinced Catholic.
Death
Jean Cockt died from a heart attack in the middle of the autumn of 1963. I buried the writer and director in the chapel of Saint-Blaze de Symple in Miyi La Food.For death, Jean thoroughly prepared: specially made frescoes, which were placed near the coffin, and chose the epitaph - "I stay with you." The character of the quotation reveals his conviction: Kokto believed that he lived on Earth many times and after death would definitely return.
In November 2011, a museum in Menton opened in honor of Jean.
Bibliography
- 1918 - "Rooster and Harlequin"
- 1919 - "Potomac"
- 1923 - "Safference of Tom"
- 1926 - "Call for Order"
- 1929 - "Terrible Children"
- 1935 - "Portraits-Memories"
- 1962 - "Requiem"