Biography
Soviet actress Anastasia Zueva remained in the memory of the generations of schoolchildren with a good grandmother, a teacher from the film from the film Alexander Row, the filled variations on the topic of Russian folk fairy tales. Great director Konstantin Sergeevich Stanislavsky jokingly predicted young artist to fulfill the role of the old woman and was right. It was these characters that brought her the love of the viewer and recognition.Childhood and youth
About the early years in biography knows little. Anastasia Platonovna was born on December 17, 1896 in the village of Spassky Tula province in a rich peasant family. Nowadays, the locality belongs to the city of Novomoskovsk and is famous for the fact that there is a unique art museum on the village - one of two in the territory of all Russia. Father died early. Soon the mother was combined with a second marriage, and daughters - Nastya and Lisa - sent to the care of aunt.
Relatives appealed to girls affectionately, but strictly, allowed to participate in adult conversations, but demanded about and decent behavior. For a while, the girl studied in the women's gymnasium Tula, but after moving along with aunt and sister to Moscow. The idea of Nastya becoming an actress relatives met in the bayonets, assuring that he would not pay her studies, but this was not necessary - the future popular artist of the USSR took up to teach for free.
In 1915, she graduated from a private school of dramatic art. Its teachers were the most famous teachers, directors, theatrical figures of that time: Nikolai Alexandrov, who puts them with Stanislavsky, the actor Nikolai Podgorny, director Nicholas Massalitins.
"School of Three Nikolaev" existed from 1913 to 1916 and served as a platform for creating the 2nd Studio MHT, where Anastasia and entered the theater service. The studio has become a cradle for many famous artists: Nikolai Batalov, Alla Tarasova, Boris Livanova, Ivan Kudryavtseva.
Theater
Troupe often toured. In the youth of Anastasia Platonovna managed to visit many cities of the Volga region, the Urals, Ukraine. In 1924, Nemirovich-Danchenko completed the reorganization of the MHT, after which the second studio ceased to exist, and its artists became the "second generation" of Mkhat. This theater, the actress was true to death.
The actress was in demand on the theater scene. In Mkate, she played more than 40 performances. Some of the roles became iconic in the fate of Zueva. In 1928, she solen the role of Mother in Untilovsk, confirming the talent to portray ordinary and whole women, the strong man of mothers. In the stage of the last novel of Leo Tolstoy "Resurrection" she was Matrey. The writer Maxim Gorky, having seen her in this role, was shocked.
Many generations of spectators remembered her by the role of the box from the "Dead Souls" Nikolai Gogol. For the first time, she tried the image of the landowner under the leadership of Mikhail Bulgakov himself, who collaborated with Mkat in 1932. In the same year, her debut was held on the screen.
Films
In the filmography of artists over 40 tapes. The first job is the black and white drama of Yuri Zhelmucking "Spreerty." After a number of small roles played a witness coach for boxing privalov in the "First Glove". Cinema entered the top three leaders of 1947 rolled. In 1960, she once again played Matrena, but already in the art film "Resurrection" Mikhail Swituezer. The grandmother Martha in "such a guy lives" from Vasily Shukshin became a memorable character of melodramas.
Since 1964, Anastasia Platonovna played in a series of films Alexander Row. The director of amazing fate and an unusual surname chose a genre of fabulous cinema. His variations on the theme of Folk Folklore in Morozko, "Fire Water and ... Copper Pipes", "Varvara-Beauty, Long Spit" became a new word in Soviet Cinema, were noted in foreign festivals, for example, in Venice. In this series, Zueva played a fairy tale.
The narrative of a good-natured grandmother in Kokoshnik and an elegant sundon framed a magic cinema. Children and adults perceived it as a full character of paintings. The heroine appeared, opening the shutters of the fabulous terche, and at the end of the tape again arose on the screen to say goodbye to the audience, and closed them.
No film series could do without her perky story. The last work of Anastasia Platonovna became the role of her grandmother in the fairy tale of Mikhail Yuzovsky "There, on the unknown tracks" of 1982.
In addition, the actress participated in the voicing of cinema and animated films.
Personal life
The actress was married twice. In the first marriage with the railway inspector Ivan Evseev, a son gave birth to a son. The union collapsed due to the severe nature of the spouse, assault and cheating. In addition, the husband demanded a woman's care from the profession. After the divorce of the boy to her upbringing, his father took. The actress was worried that it was rarely seen with the child, but a strong character of Zueva did not break the tragedy of his personal life.
Subsequently, Konstantin became a military engineer, married. Anastasia Platonovna became twice grandmother. He loved his granddaughter to Elena, brought up, participated in the child's life. Her descendants are not related to the creative environment. The second time was married to the composer Viktor Orange. Marriage lasted up to the death of the spouse in 1953.
Zueva was distinguished by witty, good nature. He loved the company, skillfully supported the dialogue on any topic. Poems to her birthday wrote the great Boris Pasternak. According to the testimony of contemporaries, her apartment in the Camgerian lane - the meeting place for the metropolitan intelligentsia and the military elite.
There were often the future Marshal of the USSR Boris Shaposhnikov, the test pilot Valery Chkalov. During the war years, the artist went to the front over 10 times, played the performances, encouraged the fighters. Awarded the medal "For valiant work in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945"
Death
The actress died in old age, at the 89th year of life, for natural reasons March 23, 1986.
Buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery. The grave of Anastasia Platonovna decorates the granite monument in the form of the stable - those that were scenery for the speeches of a kind grandmother's grandmother. In the center of the composition engraved on the stone photo of the artist.
Filmography
- 1946 - "First Glove"
- 1955 - "Vasyuk Trubachev and his comrades"
- 1960 - "Raised virgin"
- 1960 - "Resurrection"
- 1964 - "Such a guy lives"
- 1964 - "Morozko"
- 1968 - "Fire, Water and ... Copper Pipes"
- 1969 - "Varvara-Beauty, Long Spit"
- 1972 - "Gold Horn"
- 1982 - "There, on the unknown tracks ..."