Biography
Martin Borman, without having practically no education, became the closest companion Adolf Hitler. Among his official posts - Reichslayiter, Head of Staff, Personal Secretary of the Fuhrer and others. And in an informal environment, he is known as the "Shadow of Hitler", "Gray Cardinal Third Reich", "Nazi No. 2".
As a person, cruel and rude, Borman gave the most terrible orders and demanded a strict execution. His rapid career overnight broke in May 1945. And then about 2 dozen years of the final of the life of the closest companion of Fuhrera enveloped the fog of unknown.
Childhood and youth
Martin Borman was born on June 17, 1900 in the city of Vegelev, Hannover Province, German Empire. The family professed Lutheranism. The Father Theodore Borman served as a pilot of a military orchestra, and demobilized, worked by a simple postal employee. In 1903, he died, and Mom married the director of a small bank.
About the childhood of the future "Nazi number 2" is practically nothing known. There are facts that he did not have time and threw school, graduating from several classes. In his youth, Borman studied at the farmer. In June 1918 he was called up to the army.
After serving in the garrison in Naumburg, in February next year demobilized. He worked on a fodder mill, then the managers of the farm. At the same time, Martin entered the anti-Semitic landowner organization.
In 1922, the future Reichslayer joined the Frajcard detachment for the protection of farms, where he served as a separation commander and treasurer. There is a prison sentence in the early biography of Borman for help in killing a school teacher. CONCLUSION was 1 year, after which the offender fell out conditionally. Immediately after that, he moved to Mother to Thuringia.
Career
At the beginning of the political career (in 1927), Borman enters into the National Socialist German Workers Party (NSDAP). In parallel, it is arranged in the propaganda newspaper for the position of spokesman for the party district of Thuringia. He did not hold down with journalism, but after easily the work of the head of the economic department went easily.
Since November 1928, Martin as part of the "brown-contestants" arranged street contractions with opponents of the Nazis. After almost 2 years, Borman left the attack aircraft to lead the mutual assistance of the Nazi Party created by the "cash register". The institution fulfilled the function of financial assistance to the families of people who died or wounded in the struggle for Nazism.
Money came as regular contributions from members of the party. At this time, many functionaries became debtors of the future "Nazi number 2". After successful parliamentary elections, the income of the cash registers amounted to about 3 million Reichsmarock annually. At the same time, Borman is responsible for the footage and organized a model of the national-socialist mechanized case.
In 1933, after coming to power, the Socialist Socialist Party, the cash desk received other functions, becoming a life and property insurance authority. Bormana at that time was appointed to the post of headquarters of the Deputy Fuhrer Rudolf Hess and his personal secretary. A little later, he was assigned the title of Higher Party Functioner - Reich Slaiver.
Moving on the career ladder, by 1934, Borman was in the nearest surroundings of Hitler. The rapid take-off Martin historians are associated with the instructions of the Fuhrer to control construction work in its residence in the Obersaltzberg. At the same time, on his own initiative, he built a teahouse in the mountains nearby, who gave Reichskanzler on the 50th anniversary.
Being constantly under Hitler during his stay in the residence, Reichslyer gradually began to fulfill the functions of the Personal Secretary. He wrote a speech to the boss, controlled his finances, carried out smaller instructions. On January 30, 1937, Martin Bormarman received the title of MPs. Being not the last person in the Third Reich, in 1938 organized the penultimate X Congress of NSDAP in Nuremberg.
After the arrest of Rudolf Hesse in the UK in 1941, his post was abolished and the party office appeared, which was submitted directly to Hitler. Her head appointed Borman. In addition, he was given the powers of the Reichs Minister and introduced into the government.
After that, the leader of the German people instructs control over the execution of its orders, thereby actually having unlimited authorities and influence. In the photo of that period, it is clear that "Nazi No. 2" is constantly standing next to the Führer.
In 1943, "Committee of Three" was created. Head of the Reichskancelery Hans Lammers was included in him, head of the Supreme Command of the Wehrmacht Feldmarshal Wilhelm Keitel and headed by Martin Borman. In their powers - centralized control over military economy.
Hitler opposed religion, the borman of the whole soul supported him in this. In 1943, in the letter, his wife sounded:
"Gerda, the capture, so that children do not in any way have become infected with the poison of Christianity."At the end of the war he managed to achieve from the leader of the German people of persecution against the church. As a result, the monastic schools were closed, the monasteries themselves destroyed, and many Catholic priests and monks were tortured in death camps.
A considerable role was played by Borman in the destruction of people of Jewish nationality. A secret decree of October 9, 1942, he secured the constant desire of Hitler to destroy the Jews. Watching everything, the devotee fenced the Fuhrer from the horrors of the Holocaust. Any unpanded mention of this was prohibited. The result of the genocide was the destruction from 5 to 6 million Jews.
In January 1945, Borman, together with Hitler, moved to the bunker. Until the latter while at the Führere, Nazi No. 2 became his hearthritis and a political receiver.
Personal life
The personal life of Borman is known that on September 2, 1929, 29-year-old Martin married 19-year-old Gerde Buch - the daughter of the Chairman of the Higher Party Court of NSDAP Walter Buha. The witnesses at the wedding were Adolf Hitler and Rudolph Hes.
Future spouses got acquainted in the house of the girl's father. Gerd fell in love with a man immediately as soon as he saw. And he, being headed below the growth, did not perceive the feelings of the girl seriously, however, after a short period of time, still asked her hands. Father with reluctance, but gave consent to marriage.
Gerda became an exemplary wife: performed any whims of her husband and looked at his treason through his fingers. Moreover, when the Borman had an affair with actress Mana Benshas, he wrote a letter to his wife, in which he said everything, and she gave advice - what to do.
Reich Slaiver's wife was sure: to fill human losses incurred in war, Germany need a new device of society. Gerda promoted the idea of canceling monogamy. From her mouth in 1944, a call was called to join several marriages at the same time. The draft laws of 1943 obliges his wife to give birth to 4 children, after which the man could calmly go to another woman.
In 1945, Borman's wife went to Italy, where she died from cancer.
In marriage, Martin and Gerda were born 10 children, 1 of which did not survive. Senior Adolf Martin Borman (April 14, 1930 - March 11, 2013) is named after the native father and the godfather Adolf Hitler (from this name he refused later). Ironically, the descendant of Nazi No. 2 became the German Theologian.
In early 2018, the AMIF website published memories of the Observer Georgy Zotov. In them, a journalist speaks about an interview with the first-mention of Reich Slaiver, where he asked for forgiveness for the atrocities of the Nazis, including the native father, during the Great Patriotic War.
Death
For more than 20 years, there were several versions of how the life of the "gray cardinal" of the Third Reich ended.
After the Hitler's suicide, late in the evening on May 1, Borman, together with the doctor of the SS, Ludwig Stampfegger, Reichsügendfür Arthur Aksman and his personal pilot Hitler Gansa Bauromed the bunker and began to break through from the Soviet environment. At some point, the group was divided. Having reached the River Spree, tried to go to her. Without the first time, after having conceived, the group came across Soviet soldiers. Siens shot.
Later on the shore found the bodies of escape participants, with the exception of Borman. During the disappearance, various hypotheses appeared, until the fact that the Reichslight is alive. In the dossier assembled on him, there is a testimony of the former Esvestment that he is a Soviet spy. From this there was a version that after the war "Shadow Hitler" hides in the USSR.
In the first years, after the victory, there were reports periodically that Nazi number 2 was seen in Argentina, then in Spain, then in other countries. In November 1945, the Nuremberg Tribunal was held. Due to the insufficient evidence of the death of Borman, the defendant were sentenced in absentia to the death penalty for the preparation of war and crime against humanity.
Defended the defendant Friedrich Bergold. He tried to convince the court that the client was dead, as well as to inject his power in fascist Germany. Despite the attempts of a lawyer to justify the client, the wine was completely proven. For searching for Bormanov CIA and the German government, the Germans put tremendous efforts, the latter even appointed a reward for information in the amount of 100 thousand German brands. But they did not receive reliable information.
In 1965, information was received from German postal workers about the fact that on May 8, 1945, Soviet soldiers ordered two corpses to bury. One was dressed in the form of the Wehrmacht. On the other of the other, they found a computational book on the name of Ludwig Stampfegger, which the servicemen immediately destroyed. Applied - Albert Krumbov - pointed out the exact place where "Nazi number 2" was buried in the overall grave. However, the excavations did not give anything.
In 1971, the German government has ceased search, and a year later during construction work, at some distance from the place specified by Krumnov, they found human remains, which were subsequently identified as belonging to Borman and Stampfegger.
It became reliably known in 1998, after the German government ordered DNA examination. Interesting the fact that in the jaws found the remains found glass fragments, which made it possible to assume the cause of death from the cutting of the capsule with cyanide.
The odious figure of the Reichslyer later is not aware of the same time and embodied on the screens by cinematographers. The most famous documentary film 2003 "Martin Borman is the right hand of Hitler" and the Soviet series "Seventeen Moments of Spring", where Nazi №2 played Yuri Visbor.
Awards and titles
- "Order of blood"
- Golden party sign NSDAP
- 2 Medals "For Savailing Years in NSDAP"
- Order Crown Italy
- German Olympic Honorary Class 1
- Honorable sword of the RFSS
- Chevron of an old fighter
- Ring SS "Dead Head"
- Head of the Party Office NSDAP
- Personal secretary of Führera
- Reichs Minister for Party
- Head of the headquarters of the Deputy Fuhrera
- Reichslayaiter
- Obergrupenfüren SA
- Honorary Obergroupenfürer SS