Biography
Witness William Tekckery writer is known to contemporaries thanks to the satirical novel "Vanity Fair", but in his bibliography a lot of valuable works, from the "books of snobs" to the fairy tale "Rose and Ring". For 52 years of life, the Englishman created dozens of novels and the leaders, implant society and power, and remembered the world as a "witty" word artist.Childhood and youth
William Makepis Tekcket was born on July 18, 1811 in Calcutta, Colonial British India. The boy is the only child in the family of Richmond Techkeea and Ann Becher, who lacked parental love. Father died in 1815 from fever, and a year later the mother sent her son to England. The child was painfully survived the separation: judging by the portrait of William and Ann, written by George Chinnery in 1813, there was a close family relationship between them.
In 1817, the woman married the first love Henry Karmaikla-Smith. 3 years later, the couple moved to England. The son saw his native face after a long parting, but not for long: he was sent to the closed school Charterhouse in London. Here the boy became friends with John Lial, the future cartoonist.
In the last year of study, William got sick, and the arrival in Trinity College Cambridge had to be postponed until February 1829. The young man was not interested in accurate science, he published satirical articles in the University magazines "The Snob" and "The Gownsman". So I failed to adapt to study, Tekkrey was left of Cambridge in the 1830th, having passed to Paris and Weimar, where the acquaintance with Johann Wolfgang von Goethe took place.
At 21, a young man received an inheritance from his father. Part of the money William lost to the card, another invested in the unprofitable newspapers "The National Standard" and "The Constitutional", which planned to be published. The collapse of the two Indian banks, where the remains of the inheritance were lying, turned the teckeree into the poor. The Englishman earned bread with painting cartoons, which later decorated the pages of his writings, simultaneously published in the magazine "Fraser's Magazine". In this edition, the first significant work of the writer "Katerina" was published.
Books
To create "Katerina", Tekckeree pushed the biography of Jack Sheppard, English thief and fraudster of the early XVIII century, written by William Harrison Einsworth. The novelist had an almost flattened description of a dangerous criminal, and Tekkrey decided to portray the world of crime as it was - ugly.
The main character of the story was Katerina Haze, the last English woman, burned alive on the fire. The reason for such severe punishment was the murder of her husband. Despite the intention of the writer, finding the criminals, Katerina causes compassion as two of her lovers, assignments of murder.
The resulting work did not like the treasury, so at his life "Katerina" saw the light once: from May 1839 to February 1840, the story was published on the pages "Fraser's Magazine" under the pseudonym Iki Solomons, Esquir, Jr.
In 1844, in the same journal, the second novel "Career Barry Lyndon" came out, later reprinted under the name "Notes Barry Lyndon, Esquins, written by him". In the center of the narration - a nobleman-a fake from Ireland, who tries to get rich and enter the society of English aristocrats.
In 1975, the novel was shielded Stanley Kubrik. Barry Lyndon became one of the best films of the director: he was awarded four Award awards.
In the late 1840s, William Tekkesey's name was discussed thanks to 53 short sarcastic notes, which in the 1848th came out in the collection format and got the name "Snob Book". But world fame to the writer brought the novel "Fair of Vanity". According to the quotation of the British himself, this work ascended his "to the top of a creative tree".
The events of the novel unfold against the background of Napoleonic wars. Despite the threat of the destruction of the usual state system, the heroes of work are experiencing only for their lives and good: ranks, titles, material well-being.
Tekkerei called the "Vanity Fair" "Roman without a hero", but the pupils of the Pension Miss Pinkerton, Emilia Sadli and Rebecca Sharpe are in the center of the narration. The first girl from the secured family, Chista miseles and Milovoid, but not endowed with a special mind, and her girlfriend is akin to the artist and a dancer who is ready to go on their heads for the sake of place under the sun.
In the course of the work, the writer as if comparing two heroines: who lives better, who has more money - and who is happy. Each achievement of girls is a successful marriage, a major inheritance, the birth of a child - the trees rigidly ridiculed. It represents society as a fair on which everything is bought and for sale: values, love, respect.
After the return of the novel, the writer was accused of an unnecessarily dark paint in the image of the company in an excessive dark colors, which Tekkrech answered that he sees people "disgusting stupid and selfish." However, the aristocrats and landowners, officials and diplomats, the Englishman did not pursue their goals to humiliate. On the contrary, I wanted to force the society to reveal the eyes to your own ignorance and arrogance.
"Vanity Fair" is the most popular work of Tekkesea. At the moment, more than 20 shields are removed: dumb and sound films, radio stations, television series. The most "fresh" video action of the novel is the 7-serial series of 2018 with Olivia Cook and Claudia Jesse in the lead roles.
Having achieved a writer triumph, the Englishman did not throw writing. In 1850, the light saw the novel "Penenninis" (another name "History of Penennis, his success and infusion, his friends and his worst enemy"). The main character is Arthur Penadnance, a rustic guy who goes to London to find a place in life and society. Literary critics noted that the characters from this novel inherited the characters of the heroes of the "Vanity Fair".
2 years later, Tekkerei released the "story of Henry Esmond" - the novel that the writer considered the best in the bibliography. Nevertheless, the English writer George Eliot called the work "the most uncomfortable book, which you can imagine." Such a review of the contemporary of Tekkemey Dalae because, throughout the novel, Henry Esmond seeks the location of the young girl, and the story becomes marrying on her mother. In 1859, the story was continued in the novel "Virginians".
Personal life
On July 20, 1836, William Tekcrech took In his wife Isabella Getin Show. Three children were born in the family: Ann Isabella (1837-1919), Jane (1839, died at the age of 8 months) and Harreieta Marien (1840-1875).
The birth of the third daughter Harriet turned into a tragic event in the personal life of the writer: the postpartum depression began at the spouse. In September 1840, Tekkerei, wanting to help Isabelle overcome a difficult period, went with her to Ireland. During the crossing, the woman jumped out of the window to the open sea, but she was saved.
In November 1840, the mental state of the Writer's wife deteriorated, it took professional care. For the next 5 years, the woman spent in Paris's psychiatric clinics, then the nurses were observed behind her. She never cured, but she survived her husband for 30 years, dies in 1894.
Even when Isabella Nastiga Nastiga, Tekkerei remained faithful to the spouse in the legal sense, but he had a novel with a married British writer Jane Brookfield and some Sally Baxter.
The most famous daughter of William is Ann Isabella - a bright representative of the late Victorian literature. And the younger child of the writer, Harriet, married the English historian Sir Leslie Stephen. The pair had a daughter of Laura, who inherited a mental disorder from the grandmother Isabella Getyn Show.
Death
William Techkeea's health began to deteriorate in the early 1850s, he was tormented by incontinence. In addition, the writer felt that he had lost inspiration. Because of this, he began to abuse food and drink, healing the "greatest literary incineration." The favorite seasoning of the British was red pepper, the frequent use of which destroyed the digestive system.
On December 23, 1863, returning home after dinner, the writer suffered a stroke. The next morning, December 24, Techkeea discovered dead.
The death of the 52-year-old Englishman became a surprise. The funeral in Kensington gardens visited more than 7 thousand people. The body of the writer rests on the Kencal Green Cemetery, and in Westminster Abbey, a memorial bust of Tekkesey, winged by the French sculptor Carlo Morroetty, was installed.
Bibliography
- 1839-1840 - "Katerina"
- 1844 - "Notes Barry Lyndon, Esquire, written by himself"
- 1848 - "Snob Book"
- 1848 - "Vanity Fair"
- 1848-1850 - "Pendenness"
- 1852 - "Married Ladies"
- 1852 - "History Henry Esmond"
- 1855 - "Rose and Ring"
- 1857-1859 - "Virginians"