Biography
Yang Van Eyk is a bright representative of the visual art of the Epoch of the early Northern Renaissance. The Dutch artist laid the beginning called "Art Nova". He was among the first authors who signed paintings. His work featured image details and incredible accuracy, forced experts to think that the artist used optical instruments in the work.Childhood and youth
The biography of the painter remains a mystery, as not discovered documents confirming many facts. Researchers remain only to make assumptions and build hypotheses. For example, an accurate date of the appearance of Jan Wang Eyka is unknown. It is believed that he was born in the period from 1385 to 1390 years. His homeland could be a town called Masheik or another provincial settlement, Limburg. Today both cities belong to the territory of Belgium.
The famous artist brought up with the brothers by the Governor and Lamber, as well as his sister Margarita. Learn a lot of disputes with the name of Governor Wang Eyka. Some scientists believe that the painting Yana taught himself. The older brother passed his junction his skills and participated in the creation of some works.
Researchers suggest that a kind of "family duet" could be successful. But in contrast, they regularly put forward the versions that the brother was not involved in the work of Wang Eyka and could not exist at all. The fact is that these books and sources often diverge, so it is not easy to build a realistic picture of events.
The first work of the artist was not preserved, but there is a confirmation that his career began in 1422. At this time, Jan Van Eyk became the court painter of the Graph Johanna III Bavarian and lived in the Hague. According to modern standards, the artist was young, but only a skillful master could achieve this status. By the time, the portraitist managed to acquire students and his own school.
Painting
The author's manner of Yana Van Eyka was a reflection of the late Middle Ages in combination with realism. Art historians celebrate in the works of the artist imprint by the works of Tommaso da Modena and Robert Campen. Experimentator Van Eyk surprised fans with incredible accuracy, realistic image of materials and light.
Some art historians suggest that the artist started creative activity with miniature. His authorship is attributed to the work of "funeral" and "the capture of Christ in custody", dated 1415-1417 years. One of the most famous works of the artist was the Gent Altar located in Belgian Gente, in St. Bavon's Cathedral. Polyptih consists of 12 oak flaps with images. It is believed that Jan worked on him with his brother Governor.
The work was presented to the public in 1432. It describes the announcement day, which Gabriel came to the Virgin Mary. It also depicts John Evangelist and John the Baptist. The interior of the altar is a "lamb worship", a landscape that is pedantic in work on the details of Van Eyke created with incredible accuracy. Neighboring paintings depict Adam and Eve, Angels and God Father.
The painter paid special attention to religious topics and often depicted Madonna. The first work of this direction was "Madonna with a baby, or Madonna under the canopy", dated 1433. A year later, Van Eyk created "Madonna Canonika Van der Pale" and in 1436 revealed the public "Madonna Chancellor Rollane", which is considered one of the most said creatures of the author. In 1439, "Madonna's Fontana" came out from under his brush.
As heritage Van Eyk left many portraits made with an underlined objectivity and graphic accuracy. His unsurpassed manner gave rise to the speculation that the artist uses optical devices, allowing to accurately convey the peculiarities of the appearance of each person's depicted.
You can make sure that it is possible to make sure that it is familiar with his works: "Portrait of a man in red turban", "Portrait of a wife Margaret Van Eyk", "Chet Arnolphin". Last, Giovanni Arnolfini and his bride - a picture, not inferior to the Gent's altar.
The peculiarity of the work of Wang Eyka was that he began to portray the heroes on the belt, and not on the chest, as was taken earlier, and in turn in 3/4. The artist focused on the individuality of each finished character.
An interesting fact: Some researchers argue that Wang Eyke was a man who opened oil painting. He was not a pioneer, but seriously influenced the formation of this direction in visual arts. Probably, the portraitist created a new form of a mixture, which included temperatures. The lights of the paints of the artist skeptics explain this assumption.
Thanks to the wellness of the composition of the work of Wang Eyki looks in one whole with the necessary spin symbolism and feature of the visual manner. The perspective used in the workbook with the light, created a special plastic effect.
Personal life
Jan Van Eyk was married. About his personal life, as well as about origin, a little known. In the 1430s, together with his wife, the artist moved to Bruges, where he bought a house. In 1434 in the family, the firstborn appeared, the godfather of which was the Duke of Philip III. Researchers assure that Van Eyka had 10 children.
On the appearance of the spouse of the painter researchers are judged by the portrait created by him. Yang wrote a picture shortly before death and, apparently, was going to present a spouse for a birthday. Woman in the picture is not idealized. Margaret was not attractive, but her appearance stores the seal of nobility and depths.
It is curious that this image of the artist's wife after his death was transmitted by the guild of artists. Up until the 18th century, the organization exposed him to visit the public on St. Luke's Day - the national holiday of artists. The picture was considered a sample of skill.
Death
Jan Van Eyk died on July 9, 1441 in Brugge, where he spent the rest of the day. The exact cause of the death of the artist is not covered. His grave was located on the territory of the Church of St. Donaciana near the house belonging to the painter.
A year after the death, Yana's brother, Lamber, asked the duke permission to reburial the body Wang Eyka and received permission. In addition, the patron sacrifices the lifelong content of the artist's widow.
Paintings
- 1432 - "Gent Altar"
- 1433 - "Portrait of a man in red turban"
- 1433 - "Madonna with the Child" "
- 1434 - "Portrait of Arnolphin Fours"
- 1435 - "Porterf Men with Carnation"
- 1436 - "Madonna Chancellor Rollane"
- 1437 - "Holy Varvara"
- 1438 - "Church of Christ"
- 1439 - "Portrait of Margaret Van Eyk"
- 1440 - "Portrait of Christ"