I-Biograge
U-Antonio Gaudi ungumakhi weSpain odumile okwazile ukuvula isethulo sabantu besikhathi sokwakha mayelana nokwakhiwa kwekhulu lamashumi amabili. Izindlela ezihleliwe, izinhlobo zezindlu ezinobuqili ezakhelwe zona zaphakade zashintsha ukubukeka kwe-Barcelona futhi zamemezela ukuzalwa kukaCatalan kwanamuhla, kukhumbuze ubuntu mayelana nokuxhumana okungahlukaniswa ngemvelo.Ubuntwana nentsha
Umakhi wesikhathi esizayo wokwakha wanamuhla wazalwa ehlobo lika-1852 esifundazweni saseCatalan, idolobha laseRiudoms, lapho ayenendlu yezwe nomkakhe, uFrances nonkosikazi wakhe u-Antona. Kepha ukubukeka kukaGaudi ekukhanyeni kuyindawo emhlophe ye-biography. Ngokwenye inguqulo, wazalelwa edolobheni laseReus.
Igama eligcwele le-Spaniard elisanda kuzalwa, elivikele umhlaba wefomu elihle lezakhiwo, - u-Anthony Placid Gillem Gaudi-I-Kornet.
Osanda kuzalwa kwaba yinzalo yesihlanu nencane yomndeni wakwaGaudi. Futhi, njengoba kwenzeka, ukuphela komuntu owayephila iminyaka yobudala. Abafowethu ababili bafelwa yizingane, okwesithathu kwashona nengane. Udade wawushiya lo mhlaba kungekudala ngemuva kokuzalwa kwendodakazi yakhe.
Ngo-1868, uGadi wathuthela eBarcelona, lapho u-Antonio aphothula iziqu ezifundweni futhi waba umfundi wesikole sokwakha. Ngesikhathi sezifundo zakhe, wasebenza njengekhabethe evela kumakhosi amadolobha adumile.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1870s, u-Antonio noyise nomshana wakhe bathuthela eBarcelona. Eminyakeni eyisikhombisa kamuva, kwafa uGadi-mandulo, kwathi eminyakeni emibi azange akwenze namantombazane. Ngo-60 Gaudi wahlala yedwa. Kusukela ebuntwaneni, wahlushwa izinhlungu ze-rheumatic, wathola isibonakaliso ezintweni ezimbili - umsebenzi nokuhamba ngezinyawo.Ezithombeni ezimbalwa ezisindile kuyacaca ukuthi u-Antonio wayeyi-fart futhi ecebile. Kepha impilo yomuntu siqu ayizange isebenze. Igama lowesifazane okuwukuphela kwalowo onesibonakaliso sokunakwa nguthisha uJoseph Moro. Kodwa-ke, akakaze abe ngumkakhe. Izingane, ezinganikeza uGaudi ukunikeza ulwazi nesimo, akazange.
Emdala, umakhi wavalwa ngokwakhe, wasithanda isizungu, waba yikholwa. Abaningi bambheka njengabadlanga futhi abaziqhenyayo, kepha abangane baqinisekisa ukuthi u-Antonio uhlukile. Uma ebusheni bakhe, wayezithanda izingubo ezibizayo, wayewukulawula kwethiyetha lemidlalo yeshashalazi ne-gourmet, lapho-ke esegugile baba buscetic, lapho emgwaqweni wamukelwa khona ngenkuthalo.
Ubungcweti bokwakhiwa kwezindlu
Umsebenzi wokudonswa komakhi woMumbi wawungamalambu kaphethiloli, okuphothula iziqu esikoleni esinikezwe isinqumo sokwakha umkhandlu wedolobha. Bahlobisa i-Barcelona namuhla.
Ngawo-1870s, u-Antonio Gaudi usebenze ngamaphrojekthi angasho lutho - izinto ezithuthukile zamathempeli nezindawo zokugcina ezihleliwe. Ukuba yiklayenti lemfashini yesitolo se-glovenary "i-Colelia", yaklama umbukiso. Lo msebenzi bekufanele wenze umnikazi, futhi wayala le ntombazane encane ukuba iveze ngempahla yayo, eyayithumela embukisweni wezwe enhlokodolobha yaseFrance.
Ukuma okubanjwe emehlweni e-Euseby Guell Teandle Industrial Industrial Industrial Industrial Industrial Industrial Industry embonini yezimboni, eyayifisa ukuhlangana nomlobi onekhono.
Kuleyo minyaka eYurophu, kwakukhona i-boom yesitayela esingewona hlangothi, esencane uGaudi. Kepha indiza yakhe yezimanga ibingagcini ohlaka lwe-Gothic yasendulo futhi yaholela konamuhla. Futhi uGulell wasiza ukufeza imibono yokudala, kamuva waba ngumngane kaGaudi. Imali yakhe nethalente lakhe amakhosi adale ubuciko bokuqala - amakhono endlu, isela lewayini, ingadi kanye nendlu yezezimboni eRambla Street. U-Euseby waletha u-Antonio ekukhanyeni, ethula amanye amakhasimende angaba khona.
Ama-Curves angaphezulu, amafomu ayisimangali kanye nezixazululo zemibala emangalisayo ziba umbhalo wesandla we-matra, lapho imisebenzi yakhe yobungcweti izobona ekuqaleni. Udumo lufika eGatva, futhi ngalo kanye namaphrojekthi amakhulu. Manje ama-oda womakhi ogqamile awazange acebe kuphela, kodwa futhi neziphathimandla zedolobha.
Eminyakeni eyishumi yokuqala ka 1900, uGaudi wadala izimpawu ze-Barcelona: Calvet kanye neMila izindlu, indlu ye-Balo. Lezi zakhiwo nanamuhla zihlala ukuziqhenya okuyinhloko komuzi. Kepha iphrojekthi eyinhloko yempilo yonke yenkosi ibizwa ngesonto lomndeni ongcwele, ukwakhiwa kwalo kwaqala ngo-1884.
U-Antonio waqala umsebenzi lapho ithempeli lilungele uhhafu: UFrancisco uzakwako osebenza naye Del Villar wamphonsa ngenxa yokuxabana nekhasimende. UGadi walayisha kabusha isakhiwo futhi wakwazi ukubona okuningi kokukhulelwa, kepha ithempeli lalingakaze ligcwaliswe.
Ubuhlakani bendoda yendoda eqhutshwa ngesikhathi ngesikhathi esifanele emcabangweni we-Caviziting Gaudi, yenza abangcwele, balandele bonke abaklami bezakhiwo.
Ukushona
Izinhlobo ezinesizotha kakhulu ne-nishchensky izinhlobo zaba imbangela engaqondile yokufa komakhi omuhle. Kusakazeke uMatra emgwaqweni washaya i-tram. Kepha umshayeli we-cab, owaveza isifiso sokuphatha isibhedlela sokwazi okulimele futhi walahlekelwa yindoda empofu, akatholakalanga.Ngemuva kwamahora ambalwa, uGaudi wayesathunyelwa esibhedlela ngenxa yezinxepha. Ngosuku lwesibili, umdwebi wezakhiwo oneminyaka engu-73 wafunda igumbi leThempeli laseSastada, kodwa sase sekwephuze kakhulu.
U-Antonio Gaudi ungcwatshwe ekristani yesonto elingapheli lomndeni ongcwele.
Izakhiwo
- Ngo-1882 - Redeemer Church of the Holy Umndeni
- 1883-1888 - AmaVens House
- 1884-1885 - El Capricho
- 1886-1889 - IPortace of Guele
- 1895-1898 - Ukunakekelwa kwewayini likaGuell
- Ngo-1898-1900 - I-CALVET House
- 1900-1902 - Izithonjana zendlu
- 1906 - Balo House
- Ngo-1909-1910 - Isikole sasePherish ethempelini lokubuyisana komndeni ongcwele
- 1910 - Mila House