I-Biograge
UWalt Whitman yimbongi yaseMelika kanye noMphakathi wekhulu le-19. Imisebenzi yomlobi yahlukaniswa ngokuzwana kanye nokwenziwa izinto ezintsha futhi yaphula imibono yendabuko ngezinkondlo. Umsebenzi ka-Wheatman waba nomthelela omkhulu kwisiko laseMelika naseMhlabeni.Ubuntwana nentsha
UWalt wazalwa ngosuku lokugcina lwentwasahlobo 1819 esiqhingini saseNew York saseLong Island. Abazali bendodana babiza udumo lukaYise, kodwa banciphise igama elithi Walter liye eWalt. Lapho umfana eneminyaka engu-4 ubudala, umndeni wakwa-Wheatman wathuthela eBrooklyn. Umfowabo osekhulile uJessie wakhulela noWalt, abafowabo abancane abasebancane (abathathu babo ababengamagama abakwaMosi baseMelika) nodadewabo abancane abancane.
Ubuntwana, umbhali wakhumbula ngokungabi nalutho futhi wagcwala ukuncipha. Ukuqeqeshwa kwesikole Umfana uqedele eminyakeni eyi-11, wabe esethola, esebenzela abameli. U-Wheatman wavakashela umsebenzi wokubhala we-Wheatman endlini yokunyathelisa, umtapo, uthisha kanye nomhleli wamaphephandaba esifundazweni. Ebusheni bakwaWalt, kudlula ku-17 aseMelika.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
UWhitman waphikisana nobugqila notshwala, wakhonza njengomhlengikazi ngesikhathi sempi yombango. Idayari likaWalt lokuxabana kwamasosha phakathi kweNyakatho neNingizimu ye-United States kwakha isisekelo se-Opera Matthew Aikon "ukulethwa ngo-2016. Imbongi ikhombisile ukuthi uWilliam Shakespeare uyiqembu le-pseudonym of abalobi.Encwadini ethi "Impilo Yabesilisa Nokuqeqeshwa" UWalt wakhuthaza ukuhamba nokugeza ngaphandle kwezingubo, ukugqoka intshebe (imbongi kuzo zonke izithombe ibanjwa ngale mfanelo yobudoda ebusweni), ukutholwa kwe-sunbathing. Into ehlanganisiwe yempilo yomuntu wonke yawo wonke amadoda "ngeqabunga lotshani" abhekwa njengokushaya indlwabu.
Ngo-1890, uWalt watshela izintatheli ezingazelelwe ukuthi impilo yakhe yonke kwakuwumshado wangempela nowesifazane owazala izingane eziyisithupha, ezimbili zashona ebuntwaneni. Kodwa-ke, imininingwane mayelana nentokazi yombhali inqabile.
Iningi lezinto eziphingqiwe libheka imbongi kangqingili futhi ozakwethu baka-Wheatman bakhomba kuBill LACQET, uHarry Stenford kanye noTram bakwazisa uPeter Doyle. URoman Walt onomlingisi u-Ellin Grey Abacwaningi bakholelwa uProtonica. Ukuqondiswa kwembongi kubhalwe ngemfihlo, esikhundleni semisebenzi yothando the isabizwana esithi "Uyo" kuye ".
Ukudala
Indawo ekhethekile kwi-Bhibliography of Whitman iqoqo lezinkondlo "amaqabunga emifino", okokuqala enyatheliswa ngo-1855 ngokusakazwa kwamakhophi angama-795 kanye nomlobi kusetshenzwe kukho konke impilo yakhe. Uma inguqulo yokuqala yeqoqo ifaka izinkondlo eziyi-12, khona-ke eyokugcina ingaphezu kwama-400.
Umfutho wokubhalwa kweWalt kwakuyindatshana kaRalph Emerson, eyachaza isidingo sokuvela e-United States of the National Poet. Igama leqoqo ngumdlalo wamagama futhi acishe ahambelana nekhotheshini evela enkonzweni u-Ana Akhmatova, ebhalwe eminyakeni eyikhulu,
"Uma wazi, ikhula izinkondlo zivela kuhlobo luni lweSera."UWalt wayekholelwa ukuthi izinkondlo kufanele zibe zemvelo, njengokuphefumula, ngakho-ke wonke amavesi eqoqo, ngaphandle koyedwa, uvikele imilolotelo kanye nokusebenzisa osayizi bezinkondlo. UWhitman ubizwa ngokuthi ngubaba waseVerlibra - ivesi lamahhala.
Ukuhunyushwa kokuqala kwemisebenzi yeWhitman ku-Russian kwagcwalisa i-Ivan Turgenev. Ukunemba okukhulu kwatholakala emasikweni e-verlimbras embongi yaseMelika yezimpande ze-chukovsky.
Ukushona
Ngo-1873, ngemuva kwesifo sohlangothi, ingxenye yesobunxele yomzimba wakwaWalt ekhubazekile. Ngo-1888, i-hemorrhage ephindaphindayo ebuchosheni yagcina ihambisa impilo yembongi. NgoMashi 1892, inkululeko yecala. Imbangela yodokotela bokufa eyakheke njengokuvuvukala kwamaphaphu, yakhula yaba yi-pleurisy.I-Biography yeWalt nenkondlo - Izici ezakha amacebo ezincwadi zekhulu lama-20 ("izinsuku ezikhethiwe" uMichael Cunningham, "amadolobha amaphepha" John Green), "Idayari Yezimbobo Ezifile", "Diary of Imemori "," Kulo lonke "i-Cardrouse", "uDkt. Quen, udokotela wesifazane"). Isilinganiso esivela ku- "Long Road Song" unikezwa ochungechungeni lokugcina lweSoviet Mini-uchungechunge "Smok nengane". Ngo-2016, i-iggy pop yaqopha i-albhamu amaqabunga otshani, aqukethe izingoma zezinkondlo zokolweni.
Amacaphuna
"Ngiyiphuzu nje, i-athomu kuphela ogwadule oluntantayo lomhlaba" "Isisekelo sazo zonke izinto uthando" "Ngizoziqinisa ngomhlaba ongcolile, ake ngikhule ngotshani bami othandekayo. Uma ufuna ukungibona futhi, ngibheke ngaphansi kwezinyawo "I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1842 - "UFranklin Evans"
- Ngo-1852 - "Impilo ne-Adventure Jack Engla"
- Ngo-1855 - "Amaqabunga amakhambi" (1 edition)
- Ngo-1858 - "Impilo Yabesilisa Nokuqeqeshwa"
- Ngo-1865 - "Ukulwa kwesigubhu"
- Ngo-1871 - "Intando yeningi Dali"
- 1876 - "Izimemo ngesikhathi sempi"
- Ngo-1882 - "Izinsuku zamasampula"
- Ngo-1891 - "amaqabunga emihlambi" (i-7th Edition)