I-Biograge
UJulio Cortasar uyizincwadi zakudala ze-XX Century, isizinda ngobuciko bomhlaba. Umlobi wase-Argentina kanye nembongi yethule abafundi bomsebenzi ogcwele ukuboniswa kwefilosofi, i-irony kanye nedrama. Imisebenzi iphinda iphrintwe futhi ngemuva kokufa komlobi, ivikelekile, iphindaphinda amabutho abalandeli bakaKortasar.Ubuntwana nentsha
Umlobi wazalwa ngo-Agasti 26, 1914 eBrussels. Ngokushesha, umndeni kaJulio wathuthela eBuenos Aires, lapho umlobi wabamba khona iminyaka yengane nangobusha. Kusukela esemncane, umfana wayezithanda izincwadi, wazama ukudala izindatshana zakhe.
Ngemuva kwesikole, le nsizwa yaba ngumfundi wethingo lezincwadi nefilosofi e-University of Buenos Aires. Kepha njengoba kukhethwe ukuqeqeshwa, kwathi uJulio wayengekho imali, ngemuva konyaka washiya izifundo zakhe. Ngemuva kokushiya iNyuvesi, uCortasar uthole umsebenzi wokuba uthisha esikoleni sasemakhaya.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Umlobi wesikhathi eside wasala eqiniseka. Kodwa-ke, ngo-1953, eneminyaka engu-39, kwenziwa izinguquko e-Biography ka-Master's - washada no-Aurora Bernandez. Umshado uqhubeke kuze kube ngu-1968. Umbhangqwana ohambisana nothando lwezincwadi, izintshisekelo ezingokomoya. Ngo-1967, iCortasar, ekubeni eCuba, yahlangana no-Uge Carvelis, lapho inoveli enesivunguvungu. Ngemuva kwesehlukaniso kumkankosikazi wokuqala, uJulio waqala ukuhlala nesithandwa esisha, ubudlelwano nalowo wethulwa kwaze kwaba ngo-1978 ngaphandle komshado.Ukuhlanzeka nge-angle kwakungelula - lona wesifazane wayethanda utshwala, wanelisa izigcawu zomhawu. Ngasikhathi sinye, imiqhele ebhaliwe ikholelwa ukuthi i-carvelis yaba nomthelela endlini yokushicilela yamazwe omhlaba yemisebenzi yombhali. Uthando lokugcina lwe-classic lwaba i-carol dunlop. UJulio, ekuqaleni nje, wathandana nowesifazane owayesemncane iminyaka engama-32, futhi ngokushesha washada. Izithombe eziningi zibekwe kwinethiwekhi. Umlobi wawugcina uthando lomfazi wesibili kuye ekufeni kwakhe.
Izincwadi
Umsebenzi wezemibhalo waqala njengembongi. Ngo-1938, iqoqo lezombubhiso "Bukhona" liphume, lapho umbhali aveza khona izinkondlo zomoya wophawu. Izinkondlo zikaHolio zaphenduka impilo, kepha azizange zishicilele izingoma zalo zezinkondlo. Sekuvele ngemuva kokushona kwembongi, ngo-1984, incwadi ethi "Kushicilelwa kuphela". Abamemezeli be-Suite bahlanganisa imisebenzi yenkondlo yombhali, ebhalwe ngaleso sikhathi kusukela ngo-1950 kuya ku-1983.
Uhlobo lweProse, umlobi waphenduka ekuqaleni kweminyaka engama-40. Indatshana yokuqala yensusi yaseKortasar "Indlu Ethwetshiwe" yanyatheliswa ejeni eliholwa nguJorge Louis Borges. UJulio wambiza umeluleki nothisha. Kakade usesigabeni sokuqala sobuciko ezindabeni ze-Classic, amasu wobuciko avela, anquma isitayela esiyingqayizivele, esibonakalayo sendalo yakhe. Ikakhulu, lokhu kuyinhlanganisela ye-Real and Fantastic Plot Turns eguqukayo nokuningi.
Izingxoxo zidlalwa yiqhaza elikhulu kumanoveli nezindaba zombhali - izinhlamvu zazingavezwa kuzo hhayi kuphela okuhlangenwe nakho nemizwa yazo kuphela, kodwa futhi zifaka abafundi kumdlalo wezobuhlakani, zikhuthaze ukubonisana ngezihloko zefilosofi. Amaqhawe emisebenzi kaJulio livame ukubathinta amabutho angaziwa abhubhisa ukuvumelana kwempilo enikeza umuzwa wengozi.
Lawa mandla adinga izinhlamvu zokubheka okuhlukile ngokoqobo - manje okungokoqobo okuzungezile kubonakala sengathi kunesigqi esihle futhi kuntekenteke. Isibonelo esimangazayo salokhu kwakuyinoveli ethi "SlSoni Develiveli", eyaphefumlela uMqondisi wase-Italy uMichelangelo Antonioni ukudala ifilimu e-Cultuous Arthouch "Photo Milling".
Ukuthandwa komhlaba wonke kwe-Argentina kulethe amanoveli "winnings", "umdlalo kuma-classics", "imodeli yoMhlaba". Emsebenzini ngamunye, umbhali uphakamisa izinkinga ze-psychology, isimilo, ifilosofi, ngokuzifaka emzimbeni ngesakhiwo esijabulisayo. Isibonelo, "ama-winnings" asebenzisa ukwamukelwa kwenoveli "yeChamber" - isenzo senzeka esitsheni. Amaqhawe, ukuba sendaweni evaliwe, kunezinkinga, ukuxazulula okunzima.
Ekubukeni sekwephuzile kombhali, isisekelo sokuqonda nezokudlala sithuthukiswa. Izimpawu ziyinkimbinkimbi emisebenzini, kuthuthukiswa, kwenziwa izinto ze-Accurd and Paradox. I-classic ibonisa izinhlamvu eziseduzane nomoya, ukuvukela, ezifuna ukumelana nemithetho nemithetho nemithetho eyakhiwe kahle kahle.
Ukushona
Ukunakekelwa kowesifazane othandekayo kwaba yinhlekelele yomlobi. Ngaleso sikhathi, impilo yaseCortasar yayivele ibuthakathaka, indoda yaphela ngokushesha. Umlobi ushone ngoFebhuwari 12, 1984, imbangela yokufa yayinguLekemia. I-classic yangcwatshwa ngaphansi kwe-ntrustone eyodwa nomlingani wesibili eParis Montttarnasse Cemetery.Amacaphuna
"Isikhathi sifana nengane eshayela isandla sakhe: Ibheka emuva." "Isikhumbuzo njengoba linjalo ngesango elivulekile lezenkolo elingumuntu." "Ukuqonda - lokhu kwakusho ukuthi kushaqeka kukaKhisimusi wendoda evukayo futhi ubona ukuthi wangcwatshwa. "I-Bibliography
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- 1956 - "Ukuphela komdlalo"
- 1959 - "Isikhali Esiyimfihlo"
- 1960 - "Win"
- Ngo-1962 - "izindaba eziphathelene neChronopas nemizimba"
- 1963 - "Umdlalo ku-Classics"
- Ngo-1967 - "Cishe usuku lwemihlaba engamashumi ayisishiyagalombili"
- Ngo-1968 - "Imodeli Yomhlangano"
- Ngo-1972 - "Proza ovela e-Observatory"
- 1973 - "Incwadi kaManuel"
- Ngo-1977 - "Lowo ozulazula lapha"
- 1982 - "Ngaphandle kwesikhathi"
- 1986 - "Divertiment"
- 1986 - "Ukuhlolwa"