I-Biograge
Umlobi uKonstantin Festin waphila impilo ende, ekugcineni wathola igama lesidlaliso lozakwabo kozakwabo. Yize imisebenzi yombhali enobudala ibuthakathaka, indima kaKonstantin Alexandrovich ezincwadini zaseRussia zokuhlola ngokungemthetho ukucaphuna kwe-Dmitry Bykov "Fedin Blehen".Ubuntwana nentsha
Umlobi wazalwa ngoFebhuwari 1892 emndenini wombusi weSaratov wezitsha zabafundi. Kuyaziwa ukuthi uKonstantin wayenodadewabo u-Alexander, umbhali "onikezelwe" kubafowethu "abangowaseRoma. Lapho kugcizelela ubaba owabona indodana Kommerrant, uFedy wafunda kuqala esikoleni sezentengiselwano sikaKozlov (manje eyiMichurinsk), bese eMoscow Commerce Institute.
Ngo-1913, le nsizwa yanyathelisa imisebenzi yokuqala yamaSathane, kwathi ngo-1914, ukuthuthukisa ulimi lwaseJalimane, yayofunda eya eJalimane. Impi yezwe yaqala ngesiRussia esitshekweni saseChilia. Ngaphambi kokubuyela ezweni lakubo ngo-1918, uKonstantin wakhonza njengomlingisi ezinkundleni zemidlalo yaseCittau naseGerlitz.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Indima ye-Fedin kwinqubo yokwenziwa kweSoviet yaguqulwa njengombhali ukuguga. Uma uKonstantin Aleksandrovich axhasa ozakwabo Khetha ozakwabo, lapho esekhulile, u-Alexander Solzhenitsyn, noRrei Sinyavsky noJuri Daniel bajoyina phambilini.Ngasikhathi sinye, lowesifazane wasiza ngokwezinto ezibonakalayo uMikhail Zoszogenko, ejabule ngempumelelo yabafundi, ngokuyinhloko uYuri Trifonov. Umlobi uphume ephathini yeBolsheviks ngemuva kokuhlubukisa kokuhlubuka kweKroronstadt futhi kuze kube sekupheleni kwempilo ehlala engeyona eye-Partisan.
Indawo ebalulekile empilweni yomuntu walowo mlobi ibipenda. UFedin ungumbhali hhayi amakhathuni wepensela kuphela kubabhali beMaxim Gorky ne-Vsevolod Ivanov, kodwa futhi nezimo zomhlaba eziqinile futhi zidonsa izigcawu zasekhaya. Imisebenzi enhle edume kakhulu yendabuko yeSaratov - Umdwebo wokuqala "UMdali" (1910), eyenziwe ngamafutha Ikhophi elivela esithombeni aa kiswelev "(1914), manje eligcinwe" i-Pomorie " , yadalwa ngo-1930 m.
Ngaphezu kwengxenye yekhulu leminyaka iKonstantin Alexandrovich yayingabangani nomlobi u-Ivan Sokolov-Mikitov. Ubudlelwano obunobungane buphinde babopha uFedin nge-Kuzma Petrov-vodkin, umhlanga evgeny mravinsky, umqambi we-konstantin Schaporin.
Ekuqaleni kwama-30s ekhulu lama-20 leminyaka, umlobi wesifo sofuba esigulayo. Ukululama sekufikile ngenxa yokwelashwa kwama-sanatorimic eSwitzerland naseJalimane. Ekupheleni kokuphila kwakhe, u-Anatoly Burtein ubesendaweni eyaya eFedin, umlobi asiza kuwo efulethini.
Naphezu kokubukeka okukhangayo, okubanjwa esithombeni, uKonstantin Aleksandrovich ungene emshadweni osemthethweni kanye kuphela - washada nohambo lwendlu yokushicilela yangasese etholile iDore Sergeyevna Alexanderna Alexanderna Alexanderna. Umphumela wenyunyana wayeyindodakazi kaNina, eyafunda kumlingisi eGitis, kodwa ngemuva kokushona kukamama, washiya esiteji futhi wazinikezela empilweni kaYise nokulondolozwa kwefa lakhe.
Ekupheleni kwempilo kaFedin kwakukhona umshado wangempela no-Olga Viktorovna Mikhailova. Umlobi wakwazi ukubamba iqhaza ekukhulisweni kwabazukulu - varia kanye namathambo e-cornea.
Izincwadi
Ngo-1921, uFedin wathola umklomelo wokuqala wendaba ethi "Insimu". U-Evgeny Zamyatin ulinganise indatshana yombhali we-novice ngokuthi "uvuthiwe ngokumangazayo, lapho i-Ivan Bunin yasayina khona."
E-rut futhi ebaluleke kakhulu kwi-bibliography, inoveli eyenziwe nguFedin "amadolobha neminyaka" Umbhali ucelwa ukuthi ngenzeni esikhathini sombukiso kumuntu ongafuni ukubulala. Isiphetho somlingiswa ophakathi nomsebenzi we-Andrei Startsev echoes nge-biography yombhali.
Ngaphambi kwempi yezwe yokuqala, iqhawe liphenduka libe eJalimane futhi lingabangane nomculi waseJalimane iKurt Van. Ukulwa okuqala kubhubhise ubungani babantu abasha futhi kuphoqelele ukufakwa ebudlelwaneni buka-Andrei nge-Urbah ye-maria ethambile. Ngemuva kwenguquko, isiphetho sinciphisa amaqhawe omsebenzi eMordovskaya Seidole.
Indaba yokuqala yeFedin "Transval" yasolwa ngokuxolisa kwezimpondo. Encwadini, i-villama sway kanye nokuzikhandla kukaWilliam Schahazela, ama-non-flyees amadoda aseRussia azungeze leli qhawe aphikisana ne-non-flseckubilika amadoda aseRussia azungeza iqhawe.
E-Trilogy of Fedin "injabulo yokuqala", "ehlobo engajwayelekile", "ihlobo le-Bonfire" abagxeki bathola ama-analogies amaningi 'negoli likafulawa "u-Alexei Tolstoy. Encwadini yenoveli ethi "Sanatorium Arktur" ukhuluma ngenkinga engokomoya ye-Western Bourgeosisie. Imbangela yokufa komnikazi wendlu yokugunda, engakwazi ukubhekana nemiphumela yenhlekelele yezomnotho, iba ukuzibulala.
Ukushona
UKonstantin Alexandrovich ushone ngoJulayi 15, 1977. Wangcwatshwa emathuneni eNovodevichy eMoscow. Enhloko-dolobha yaseRussia naseCheboksary, kunemigwaqo yeFedin, futhi edolobheni lakubo - imnyuziyamu, isikhumbuzo kanye negama lesikwele lomlobi. Iningi lokuvezwa kwadluliswa kwisitoreji seNina Konstantinov Finina.Amacaphuna
- "Kubuciko, awusoze wanquma ukuthi awusoze wakutshela kanjani othandweni. Ubuciko be-Art ngaphandle kokungaqondi buyefana nomkhosi ngaphandle kokudakwa "(" injabulo yokuqala ")
- "Izinkondlo zisuka kithi nentsha" ("amadolobha neminyaka")
- "Amanga avela lapho ukuphoqelelwa kuvela"
I-Bibliography
- 1924 - "Amadolobha Neminyaka"
- 1926 - "Narovchakovskaya Chronicle"
- 1928 - "Bazalwane"
- 1930 - "Indoda Endala"
- Ngo-1934 - "Ukuthumba eYurophu"
- Ngo-1937 - "Bengingumlingisi"
- 1940 - "Sanatorium Arktur"
- 1943 - "Ukuvivinywa Kwemizwa"
- Ngo-1946 - "Injabulo yokuqala"
- 1948 - "Ihlobo elingajwayelekile"
- 1957 - "Umlobi, ubuciko, isikhathi"
- 1965 - "Bonfire"
- Ngo-1968 - "I-Gorky phakathi kwethu"