I-Biograge
Umlobi weFranco-Polish uGary wayenamathalenta amaningi futhi waba nodumo njengesibalo esibhaliwe, umshayeli wendiza, ongumqondisi wefilimu nomqondisi wefilimu. Ngenxa yokushintshwa kwama-pseudonyms, wathola kabili umklomelo ohlonishwayo futhi wadlula ababhali njengoba uJulien Count noRoger Ikkor.Ubuntwana nentsha
URoman Katsev, noma i-Romain Gary, wazalwa ngoMeyi 21, 1914 kule ndawo yombuso wangaphambili waseRussia emndenini wamaJuda ohlakaniphile. Ubaba-komrantent wakhuphula indodana ka-11, wabe esephuma endlini ngenxa yokuxhumeka konkosikazi wakhe ohlangothini.
Umama odlala enkundleni yaseshashalazini yesifundazwe wavuma inkululeko futhi wabheka umzali womfana we-Ivan u-Ivan Mojukhina. Ngokusobala, ngakho-ke umlobi wesikhathi esizayo wayenentshisekelo yama-pseudonyms futhi lapho enza imisebenzi yezemibhalo esebenzisa amagama ahlukile.
Ngo-1915, ukuwa okusemthethweni komndeni, inoveli neNsenia egameni leVozechovich lathuthelwa kafushane eMoscow. Futhi wabe esethola isiphephelo endlini kagogo nogogo wakhe ePoland futhi ngibonga okhokho bobuzwe bamaJuda babelithanda ngobuqotho leli lizwe.
Ukwakheka kokuqala kwamaRoma kwathola uMikhail Krechmar endaweni yokuzivocavoca yangasese, kanti umama useshintshe lo msebenzi, ezama ukuqinisekisa impilo enokuthula. I-Tailong of the cap, ama-hair deserrenser kanye nokuthengiswa kobucwebe kwakudingeka ukuze kufezeke noma yikuphi okuhlwanyelwe okuhlwanyelwe.
Ukucabanga ngekusasa, owesifazane onothando wanikeza umfana amakilasi ahlukene - ukugibela amahhashi, ukupenda, umculo kanye nombuthano oseshashalazini. Umama wayefuna ukuRomash (njengoba embiza) waceba futhi wadumala, kodwa waqonda ukuthi lokhu kufanele kufike kulokhu.
Ngo-1928, umndeni ngaphandle kondlalelo othosiwe eFrance naseParis wakhetha njengendawo yokuhlala unomphela. I-Katsev young yaya ezifundweni zabashayeli bezindiza futhi yaqonda kahle icala lendiza, ngethemba lokuthi esikhathini esizayo kuzosiza ukuxhasa udumo lomndeni.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ngemuva kokushona kukaMama wakhe amthandayo, umlobi wahlushwa isizungu, kanye nomshado noLeslie Blanche, intatheli yaseBrithani, akazange asindise ekubeni yize. Futhi-ke empilweni yakhe umuntu umlingisi uJean Siber wavela, kwathi uGary washesha wabona ukuthi wayelungele umkakhe.Le ntombazane, eyayiyiminyaka eyi-24, umbhali othandwa kakhulu, wahlukana nomlingani wakhe futhi wangena othandweni lothando. Ngemuva kokuzalwa kwendodana yedwa, eyabizwa ngo-Alexander, ezahlulela ngezithombe, izinsuku ezijabulisayo zaqala empilweni yalo mbhangqwana.
Ngemuva kwalokho uJin waba isishoshovu senhlangano yezepolitiki "yabamnyama" futhi ekugcineni balahlekelwe ngumsebenzi waso ngenxa yokushushiswa kwama-FBI Agents. I-Romain yasekela othandekayo, ngemuva kokulahlekelwa yingane yesibili, kepha wayesefa, naphezu kwezinyathelo ezimbalwa ezithathiwe.
Izincwadi
Ebusheni, uGary kwadingeka ahlanganyele emisebenzini eminingi eyingozi eyathatha uhulumeni phakathi neMpi Yezwe Yesibili. Esikhundleni sokukaputeni, wakhungatheka futhi waba ngumhlaziyi e-United States, washaya izikhulu zaseFrance ezamenywa lapho.
Ngaphambi nje kwalokhu, amaRoma wacabanga ngokungathi sína ngesifundo sobuciko bokubhala futhi washicilela incwadi ethi "European Education" ngo-1945. Ngemuva kokuqashelwa, umlobi osemusha owakwazi ukuthola imfundo yezomnotho waqala ukuxhumanisa nabahleli nempilo yokuzinikezela ekubhaleni umsebenzi.
Ngo-1956, ngaphansi kothando lwe-pseudonym short gary, wakhulula inoveli yezimpande zesibhakabhaka, wanikeza abahlonishwa kakhulu imiklomelo. Umklomelo kazwelonke uGonorov usephenduke isiqinisekiso sokuthandwa, futhi uMdali wayeqiniseka ukuthi kungekudala kuzokhulunywa.
Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kwe-autobiography 'yesithembiso sokusa', izincwadi zaqala ukunqatshelwa futhi zalahlekelwa ukufunwa kwemibuthano ebhaliwe. Ngemuva kwalokho umbhali wangena esikhundleni se-pseudonym, wazethula njengo-Emil Azhary futhi ngenxa yencwadi ethi "Blug" ivimbele ukuwa kwe-Creative Collapse.
Ngo-1975, waphinda wagcwalisa i-bibliography ngumsebenzi, owakhishwa eFrance ebizwa ngokuthi "impilo yonke ezayo." Inoveli eyachaza ukuzulazula komfana ompofu u-Arab wathola ukubuyekezwa kokubonga futhi ungene emkhakheni wokubuka kwe-Horcarovsky jury.
Ngokuphikisana noRomance odalwe kabusha bathole umklomelo wesibili ohlonishwayo wemibhalo ngokukhipha insimu yePavlovich yombhali owayeyisihlobo sikababa. Le nsizwa icishe yaveza ubuciko boMdali wangempela, kodwa yafika ezinkalweni zayo ngokushesha nje lapho kungenzeka ukuhlela isiphetho sayo.
Ukushona
Njengoba elahlekelwe ngumlingani wakhe amthandayo futhi eshaya uncike esihlotsheni, uGary walahlekelwa yintshisekelo yobuciko futhi akafuni ukubhala okuningi. Isizathu sokushona kwakhe ngoDisemba 2, 1980 kwaba ukuzibulala okuhleliwe, okwakuhlala amacala abalulekile angapheli.Ngemuva komngcwabo woMlobi waseFrance, kwabanjwa izihlangu zenoveli, zimelwe yizimpande zesibhakabhaka "kanye nefilimu lePostmodern" yonke impilo ezayo. " Futhi maphakathi no-2017, isithombe 'sesithembiso sokusa ", umqondisi nabalingisi abachitha amandla othando lwabesifazane abafinyelelwe khona.
I-Bibliography
Ngaphansi kwe-pseudonym romen gary
- Ngo-1945 - "European Education"
- 1956 - "Izimpande Zesibhakabhaka"
- 1960 - "Thembisa Ekuseni"
- Ngo-1966 - "Abadli Bezinkanyezi"
- Ngo-1969 - "Farewell, Gary Cooper"
- 1973 - "Wizard"
- Ngo-1979 - "Ama-Clown adabukisayo"
- 1980 - "Izinyoka ze-Aerial"
Ngaphansi kwe-pseudonym anemil azhar
- 1974 - "Darling"
- 1975 - "Konke Ukuphila Okusekhaya"
- 1976 - "Pseudo"
- 1979 - "Ukwesaba Inkosi Salomon"