I-Biograge
I-Yasira Arafat ibizwa ngokuthi usopolitiki odumile kakhulu wengxenye yesibili yekhulu lama-20, imisebenzi yakhe kanye nempilo ebilokhu inentshisekelo enkulu emphakathini kanye nokuhlolwa okuhluke ngokuphelele. Abanye babonakalisa indoda njengombulali kanye nesitha sabantu, nabanye babona ekwenziweni kwakhe umzabalazo wenkululeko, ozimele nokunokuthula kwePalestine.Ubuntwana nentsha
Ngokwemininingwane esemthethweni, i-Arafat yazalelwa eCairo ekupheleni kwehlobo lika-1929, kodwa umuntu uqobo waphikisana nokuthi wazalwa ekuqaleni kuka-Agasti eJerusalema, njengonina. Ubuzwe ngqo kwe-Yasira abuziwa. Ubaba wababa womfana wadayisa izindwangu, ngakho-ke umndeni waphila kahle, kodwa lapho eneminyaka engu-4 ubudala, kushona umama wakhe. Emva kwakhe wathumela eJerusalema, lapho ahlala khona isikhashana. Ukukhuliswa kwe-Arafat kwawa emahlombe kadadewethu omdala.
Ukunyakaza kokuqala kwezepolitiki kwavela kuma-biografikhi we-Arafat abuyele emuva eminyakeni emincane. Ukuba yintsha eneminyaka engu-17 ubudala, wasiza ukunikela ngezikhali ngokungemthetho ePalestine, kwathi ngo-1948, ebise empini, waya empini, kodwa washesheswa ngokushesha ngabaseGibhithe. Ebusheni bakhe, efunda eyunivesithi, wayeyilungu lobuzalwane bamaSulumane futhi wema ekhanda leNhlangano Yezitshudeni zasePalestine. Kamuva walwa, uzama ukuncipha amabutho aseFrance, amaNgisi nama-Israyeli, ekhuluma kabi ngawo esesimweni sebutho laseGibhithe.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Naphezu komsebenzi osebenzayo, uYasira wakwazi ukwakha impilo yomuntu siqu. Yize le ndoda yayinokukhula okuphansi (157 cm, isisindo akwaziwa), amandla omoya nomlingiswa wensimbi, waheha ukunaka kwengxenyekazi yabantu basePalestine. Ngeminyaka yama-1990s, umkakhe waba i-arafat eyomile. Ngesikhathi somshado, lona wesifazane wayeneminyaka engama-27, futhi indoda ineminyaka engama-61.Shumeka kusuka ezithombeni ezifuywayoEmshadweni kaDuha uvumile ubuKristu, kepha ngenxa yokuthi umyeni wakhe wamukela ama-Islam, kanti wenqabile ukumboza ikhanda lakhe ngenduku kunemhlane wakhe. Ukuba yindoda yamaSulumane, noma esithombeni esisodwa, owesifazane akazange azame ukufihla ukubonakala, njengoba kuthathwe kubantu baseMpumalanga.
Ipolitiki
Umgomo wokushayela wokuthola inkululeko yePalestine, ngasekupheleni kwawo-1950s, uYasir wadala ukunyakaza kokukhululwa kwePalestine, okwathi kamuva kwathola igama likaFafah. Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, kwalandelwa ukwesaba kokuqala kwabameleli bakhe, okwakubeka ekuqaleni komzabalazo ohlomile wokwakha isimo sakhe. Ngosizo lweNhlangano Yezizwe Zama-Arabhu, le nhlangano yenkululeko yePalestine (Oop) yasungulwa, lapho i-Arafat yaba ngusihlalo (uMongameli).
Shumeka kusuka ezithombeni ezifuywayoNgesikhathi emisebenzini yezepolitiki, uYasir wahlangana kaninginingi eMoscow noLeonid Brezhnev, ukuvakasha kwakhe kokuqala e-USSR kwenzeka ngo-1968, kusho uNobhala Jikelele weKomidi eliphambili le-CPSS.
EPalestine, i-OOP yanamathela kumaqhinga asemazweni asezweni, okwakungukucatshangelwa 'komqondo wama-Arabhu'. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, ama-1980s waba yisikhathi esinzima senhlangano, ngakho-ke wagxilisa amandla eLebanon. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi simo saba yinkimbinkimbi ngemuva kweBlitzkrieg yesifundazwe samaJuda, ngenxa yokuthi i-oop okwakudingeka yahlehlisa indlunkulu eTunisia. Ngo-December 1983, ibutho lakwaSyria linezelwe kulokhu, okwaholela ekutheni i-yasira, kanye nabasekeli, yaxoshwa kwaTripoli.
Shumeka kusuka ezithombeni ezifuywayoAkuyona imfihlo yokuthi uYasir uxhasa ubudlelwano obunobungane noSaddam Hussein, owabonga ngemali engaphazamiseki. Futhi lapho i-Iraq ihlasela uKuwait, i-Arafat kwakuwukuphela koyedwa kubaholi abangama-Arabhu abahalalisele futhi basekela umlingani. Ngemuva kokuphela kokusebenza kwe- "Storm ogwadule", i-Iraq ibiseduze kwenhlekelele, kodwa iSaddam namanje ayizange ibophile ngomunye nomunye futhi yaqhubeka nokuhlinzeka ngamaPalestine izindlela.
Naphezu kobudlelwano obuyinkimbinkimbi no-Israyeli, i-Arafat izame ukuqinisa isimo. Umemezele ukulungela kwakhe ukuhlangana no-Ariel Sharon ukudingida ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthi kube nengxoxo enokuthula phakathi kwamaqembu. Ngaphambi kwalapho, wayesehlangene neNhloko yoMnyango Wezangaphandle wakwa-Israyeli uShimon Pheres, kumagazini ofanayo. Kwathi ngo-1993, kwasayina isivumelwano e-Oslo ukuze kuxazululwe izingxabano zase-Israel-palestine, lapho umklomelo wokuthula weNobel wamukelwa kamuva.
Ukushona
Umgomo wamashumi amashumi wezikhathi wawunikelwa umzamo, ngaphezu kwalokho, wavakashela izingozi zomoya nemoto futhi wahlala ephila ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kepha ekwindla ka-2004 wayengeyena nenhlanhla, ngasekupheleni kuka-Okthoba kumemezele isifo somuntu esibi, okwaholela ekunakekelweni kwakhe ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Izimbangela zokufa zivezwa ngehlukile - umdlavuza, isigaxa sesibindi kanye nobuthi ubuthi busho. Ngemuva kokufa ngezepolitiki zasePalestine, hhayi ifilimu eyodwa ebhalwe phansi yahlungwa.Amacaphuna
- "Umhlaba ngathi kusho ukubhujiswa kwa-Israyeli. Silungiselela impi ephelele, impi ezosuka esizukulwaneni isiya kwesinye. "
- "UMashi onqobayo uzoqhubeka kuze kube yilapho ifulege lasePalestine lizobanjwa eJerusalema nakokoniso lonke iPalestine - lisuka eMfuleni iJordani liya eLwandle iMedithera, kusukela eRosh Ha-Nicra kuya ku-Eilat."
- "Ngiyaphinda futhi futhi: U-Israyeli uzohlala eyisitha esiyinhloko samaPalestine hhayi manje kuphela, kodwa futhi nasesikhathini esizayo."
- "Masisebenzisane size sithole ukunqoba futhi singabuyeli eJerusalema elikhululiwe."