I-Biograge
UTit Lucretriya wayeyimbongi yasendulo yamaRoma yaseRoma, eyaqhubeka nokufunda imibono yokuthi i-Epicurus yabeka phambili. Yaziwa nangokuthi umphenyi womqondo wohlelo lwesikhathi ezintathu, okuthonye ukukhula kwamasiko omhlaba alandelayo.Ukhanda
Mayelana ne-biography yefilosofi i-Lucretia Abaphenyi bacishe bakwazi owaziwayo, izinsuku zokuzalwa nokufa azifaki kuze kube manje. Ngokusho kwezilinganiso ezilinganayo, impilo yakhe yaqala cishe ngo-99 kuye ku-n. Ns. Edolobheni elidumile lasePompeii, lingcwatshwe ngaphansi kongqimba lomlotha eduze nezintaba ze-apennine.
Lokhu kucatshangelwa kususelwa ku- "Chronicle" okwenziwe nguJerome Streedonsky, owathatha imibhalo yezimbongi zasendulo zamaGreek, azivumelanise futhi azihumushele eLatin. Ukusuka lapho, i-hypothesis ephathelene nemvelaphi yobungcweti yavela, yaqinisekiswa yizincwadi zefilosofi uqobo, eyayazi impilo kanokusho.
Uthando olushiwoyo lwempilo yasemakhaya lwalethwa emcabangweni wezindawo zakhe ezazimele kuphela abamele imindeni ecebile abangazisebenzisa ngaleso sikhathi. Lapho, ngokusho kwababhali abaningana baseRoma, usosayensi wawunaka ulwazi futhi waqonda izilimi nefilosofi ngaphansi kokuqala kothisha ababizayo.
Ngaleso sikhathi nembangela yokufa kwe-stristist yabhalwa "empilweni yeVergil" Ritor elya Donat. Lokhu kwenzeke ngo-Okthoba 53 BC. e., Ngemuva kwe-Aphrodisiac ephutheni ngesikhathi sePera Lucretia.
Kodwa-ke, usuku lokufa kososayensi ngesikhathi somlobi "u-Aneida" aluzange luqinisekiswe amaqiniso athembekile kanye nemisebenzi yezezithombe zezindaba zalezo zikhathi. Ukusuka lapha kwakukhona umbono wokuthi ngemuva kokuthatha ama-potion, ifilosofi yaqhubeka nokubhala izincwadi, kodwa impilo yanyakaziswa kakhulu, futhi isizathu salimala.
Kodwa-ke, izimo zokufa zazingabaza abaphenyi, ngoba inkosikazi egama linguLucius yayingalindele ukuphanga umlingani onobuthi. Ngakho-ke, i-hypothesis ephathelene nokuzibulala okushiwo yi-CICATEO ngezincwadi eziningi kanye nezingcaphuno kungenzeka.
Ifilosofi
Umsebenzi wefilosofi oyinhloko uLucretia wawungukwakheka kwezinkondlo, okwabizwa ngokuthi yicala "ngokwemvelo yezinto". Wayezinikele eRomari Tribune egama linguGuy Memmia Gemell, umsubathi wangaphambili womvikeli wemibono yesayensi.Ukuqhubeka namasiko esikole se-epicorean, uMdali wathinta izihloko eziningi ezihehayo. Bakhathazekile i-athomism kanye ne-cosmology, kanye nemvelaphi nentuthuko yomhlaba, okunikezwe yi-phenomena engokomzimba, ngenxa yokuhamba kwemizimba yasezulwini.
Ukuba ngenye yezimbongi zokuqala zasendulo zamaRoma, ukwethula izakhamizi ngemibono mayelana nomhlaba, lapho kubhekwa khona isibusiso esiphakeme kakhulu, uLucretius wadumisa umbono wokuntuleka kokwesaba ngaphambi kobuhlungu nokufa wafaka injabulo, ukuzethemba kanye nethemba Emiphefumulweni.
Inkondlo ebhalwe yi-hekzamer ye-dacticlic, isazi sefilosofi esabonwa yigama elithi master, saphula izahluko kanye nezingxenye ezincwadini ngayinye engenagama eziyisithupha. Wahlola imiqondo eyinkimbinkimbi evela ku-Physics, Ethics kanye neMathematics, asebenzisa izingaththo ezingokomfanekiso kanye nolimi lwemibhalo lobuciko kakhulu.
Ukushiya izimiso ze-athomism, uhlobo lwengqondo nokuvela komuntu, usosayensi wakugwema ukusho umthelela wobunkulunkulu basendulo basendulo abathandwayo. Ngakho-ke, kamuva, wabhekwa njengesiboshwa sokuthanda izinto ezibonakalayo, esasatshalaliswa emikhakheni eminingi yesayensi ethuthukile.
Kwesinye sezigaba zale ndatshana, uLucretia wathatha uhambo lwendaba futhi wachaza ukuthuthukiswa kwesintu ngezikhathi ezihlukile zezikhathi zasendulo. Ubuke wabheka izikhali nezinye izinto zasendlini, kanye nezindlela zokulima umhlaba nokusebenzisa amanzi nomlilo.
Ngokubona kwakhe, ekuqaleni kwempucuko, abantu basebenzisa izipikili namazinyo, bese kuba ngamatshe namagatsha ukuze bakhe izindlu. Futhi-ke usosayensi walandela ukulandelana kokuguqulwa kwethusi, insimbi nethusi futhi ekugcineni kwaba ngumbhali nomsunguli womqondo odumile wamakhulu amathathu eminyaka.
Inothi elinikezelwe kwifilosofi yemvelo ethathwa ukunakwa okuthile, lapho izinto eziphilayo zingaphansi kwesenzo semvelo nendawo kwangaphandle kwaphenywa. ULucretia wabhala ukuthi abantu abanamandla kuphela okufanele bacekele phansi izinhlobo ezibuhlungu nezinhlungu bayakwazi ukusinda nokuzivumelanisa nezimo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekufundiseni kwembongi, ukuphakama komuntu okukhulunywa ngakho, ingqondo yazo equkethe ama-athomu nezinye izingxenye ezinyakazayo. Kepha wayeseqhathanisa nabantu nezilwane ezikhulisa inzalo eminingi, njengomama abanothando bakhula badle izingane zabo.
Ngakho-ke, umlobi wasendulo waseRoma, ovela emzimbeni wakhe ubanjwe ekufumbeni okubaziweyo, okuhlongozwayo ngocwaningo oluzayo inani lemibono emisha nethuthukile. Inkondlo yakhe yayivame ukusetshenziswa njengokuphakama kwefilosofi kanye ne-rhetoric futhi kusathandwa ngabantu abafundile.
I-Bibliography
- "Ngokwemvelo yezinto"