I-Biograge
UJoan Miro ummeleli okhanyayo wobuciko baseCatalan. Ubuke ubuqiniso njengendlela yokugcina umphakathi we-onsoulois, ngokuthi "ukupela ukubulala", wasebenza ngendlela yakhe ebonakalayo. Imidwebo yakhe, imidwebo, imidwebo, imidwebo - imibukiso ebalulekile ye-surrealism.Ubuntwana nentsha
UJoan Miro noFerra bazalelwa eBarcelona, inhliziyo yaseSpain, Ephreli 20, 1893. Indlela kazwelonke yomculi ibizwa ngokuthi uHoan noma uJuan. Igama lakhe lokugcina likhomba imvelaphi yamaJuda.
UMiro wakhula engxenyeni yekota ye-garcelona. Manje imnyuziyamu yobuciko besimanje ihlelwe edolobheni lakubo. Ukuchazwa ngumsebenzi we-abstractist, kufaka phakathi imidwebo engama-300, imidwebo engu-150, imikhiqizo engu-9 evela ezitsheni nemidwebo engaphezu kwezinkulungwane eziyi-8 yoMhlaba uqobo.
Ubaba womculi uMichel Miri Adzeria wayeyibucwebecwebe, futhi umama uDolores Ferra wabuthana futhi wahlanza iwashi. Bobabili abazali bacabanga ukuthi uJoan uzolandela ezinyathelweni zabo, kodwa eneminyaka engu-7 wazibonakalisa ukudweba umdwebo. Ngokwethusa kukaYise, ngo-1907, uMiro wangena escola de la llotja - Isikole Sobuciko Nezobuciko e-Barcelona.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ngo-Okthoba 12, 1929, unkosikazi kaJohan Miri waba yiPilar Zhuvoca. Baphila impilo ende ejabulisayo, bagubha umshado wegolide oneminyaka engama-50. NgoJulayi 17, 1930, indodakazi yabo okuwukuphela kwayo uMaria Dolores uMiri wazalwa. Lo mculi wayefuna ezinye izingane, kepha lowo oshade naye akazange akhulelwe.Ukupenda
Izithombe ezibhalwe ngaphansi kwethonya leVincent van Gogh kanye nezinkundla zaseCezanne, amanye amanzi nama-cubists, ngo-1918 baba umbukiso wakhe wombuso kaJohan Miro. AbaseSpain bebengaqondi ukungcola futhi bahleka usulu umlobi abasebasha. Mhlawumbe, uMiro angaphonsa ubuciko uma bekungengenxa yama-comrade avela eFrance.
Ngo-1920, umculi wathuthela eParis. Owokuqala lapha 'wazalelwa' omunye wemisebenzi yobuciko beMino - isithombe esithi "Ipulazi" (1921). Okwangempela kwaqunjwa isikhashana endlini ka-Ernest Hemingway. Ngokusho kobuhlakani, umbhali waqhathanisa "ipulazi" nge-The Novel James Joyce "Ulysses", obhekwa njengePop of Modern Peature.
Umbukiso wokuqala kaMiro eParis wenzeka ngo-1921. Ngokungafani neSpanishi, wayenempumelelo enkulu.
Ngo-1924, uMiro wajoyina ama-surrealists. Wasuka kubuciko obubonayo bakudala, wathatha i-Collage. Esitashini esixubile esinjalo, kwadalwa "iCatalan Pleaser". UMiro wabuyela efomini elimele ngokwengeziwe ngo-1928 nge "Interiors yaseDashi."
Ngokungafani nama-surrealists, uMiro azame ukunganikenzi umsebenzi wayo we-tint yezepolitiki. Yebo, umuzwa wokuba nobuzwe wagcwalisa amapapa akhe okuqala nomjikelezo "catalan umfokela", kodwa hhayi ngokucacile. Kuphela ngemuva kokuthi "ukuzalwa" kwemidwebo "reaper" (1937) ngokuhleleka kukahulumeni wase-Italy, umsebenzi kaMiro wathatha incazelo ekhokhiswa yizepolitiki.
Eminyakeni yokuhlalwa kobuFascist, uMiro wayehlala eSpain. Lapha wazibonakalisa njengohlelo, edala u-23 Constle Cycle Umbukiso.
Ngo-1959, umlobi waseFrance u-Andre Breton wacela uMiro ukuba aveze iSpain embukisweni "wokuzinikela weSurvador Dali. Kulokhu inkosi ibonakalisa iyisitayela esinekhono. Uchungechunge lwe-statuette yakhe manje seluhlobisa i-Saint-Paul-de-Vans Museum.
Ngikhumbula uJoan Miro nasemlandweni wase-United States. Ngokubambisana ne-Compatriot Joyo Royo, wadala i-tapestry ye-International Trade Center eNew York. Umsebenzi owenziwe waqhutshwa kusukela ngo-1974 kuya ku-1977. I-Goblen yaba ngomunye wemisebenzi ebiza kakhulu yobuciko, elahlekile ngesikhathi ekuhlaselweni kwamaphekula ngoSepthemba 11, 2001.
Ngo-1981, uJoan Miro wadala, mhlawumbe, isithombe esidumile kunazo zonke. Ekuqaleni wayegqoke igama elithi "ilanga, inyanga nenkanyezi eyodwa", kamuva yaqanjwa kabusha miss chicago. Isifanekiso senziwe ngensimbi, amagridi, ukhonkolo, ama-bronze kanye nama-ceramic tile. Isikhathi eside, umsebenzi wema emhlanganweni womhlaba wezwe ungapheli. Ngenxa yalokho, kutholwe imali yokupha ngokufakwa kwayo.
UJoan Miro wayethanda ukudweba ama-autoports. Eminye imibala egqamile kanye nobunjwa obungejwayelekile, basondele kakhulu ekuthwebuleni. Kepha umsebenzi wango-1960 uyisisekelo ekusebenzeni kwawo: umculi avezwa ukuthi wonke umuntu kusukela ebuntwaneni ngaphezulu komdwebo wepensela eliyinkimbinkimbi.
Ukushona
UJoan Miro une-biography ende egcwele imidwebo ekhanyayo, abantu obajwayele abangajwayelekile, ukuthula kwempilo yomuntu siqu. Washona ngoDisemba 25, 1983, ngonyaka wama-90 wokuphila. Imbangela yokufa iyahluleka kwenhliziyo. Umdwebi womculi uphumula emathuneni aseMozika e-Barcelona.Imidwebo
- 1922 - "Ipulazi"
- Ngo-1924 - "" Ibhodlela lewayini "
- 1925 - "I-Carnival Harlequin"
- Ngo-1927 - "Inkanyezi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka"
- Ngo-1934 - "Swallow. Uthando "
- Ngo-1937 - "Namanje impilo ngebhuthi endala"
- Ngo-1938 - "I-Self-Portrait"
- 1940 - "Owesifazane nenyoni"
- Ngo-1949 - "Owesifazane, inyoni kanye nokukhanya kwenyanga"
- 1970 - "Owesifazane"
- 1973 - "Owesifazane ebusuku"