I-Biograge
U-Antoni van Lengukhuk waqala ukudala amalensi wesibonakhulu njengendlela yokuzilibazisa. Le nto yokuzilibazisa yamenza wasosayensi omkhulu owenza umnikelo omkhulu kwi-biology.Ubuntwana nentsha
U-Anthony van Levenguk wazalwa ngo-Okthoba 24, 1632 eDelft, eNetherlands. Usosayensi wabhapathizwa njengoTonis Phillips, kepha wakhetha ukuthatha i-pseudonym ukubhalisela amaphepha akhe esayensi.
UVan Levengook wayeyingane encane nomfana oyedwa emndenini omkhulu, wakhulela nodadewethu abane. Ubaba wezingane wazuza impilo yamabhasikidi, futhi umama wenzeka ngohlobo lwababhuli. Ngemuva kokushona komyeni wokuqala, wabopha abakwaThembele nomculi uJacob Jans Molein. UStemi wafa lapho u-Antoni ayemusha.
Emva kwalokho, umfana wathuthela ukuze aphilele umalume wakhe eBenizen. Ngemuva kwalokho uVan Levenguk waya e-Amsterdam ukuze abe ngumfundi we-accountant eWilliam Davidson Fabrics. Ngemuva kweminyaka eyisithupha, wabuyela eDelft futhi wavula isitolo ethengisa intambo nezingubo. Ngokushesha, le ndoda yaqala ukusebenza ehholo ledolobha futhi yazibandakanya ekuphathweni kwekhwalithi yewayini.
Ngokusho kwabaphenyi be-biography, i-Naturalwost wayengumculi nomculi kaJan Vermeer, owayehlala naye edolobheni elifanayo. Lokhu kukhombisa iqiniso lokuthi u-Anthony wathunywa ukuba afeze intando yokugcina yomdwebi ngemuva kokushona kwakhe. Kukholelwa nokuthi ama-portraits "izinkanyezi" futhi "iGeograper" abhalwe kusuka kuLewenguk, kepha azikho imithombo ebalulekile yokuqinisekiswa kolwazi.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Impilo yomuntu siqu yososayensi ibingeyona imfihlo, washada amahlandla ama-2. Ngokukhetha kokuqala, uBarbara de Mei Antoni wahlangana ebusheni bakhe. Umbhangqwana eminyakeni ehlukene wazalwa ezinganeni ezinhlanu, kepha usana lusinda kuphela indodakazi kaMariya. Ngemuva kokushona kukankosikazi wakhe, uVan Levenguk waphinde wazihlanganisa nomshado noCornelia Dalkamius.Isayensi
Akukaziwa ukuthi usosayensi eqala nini ukuba nentshisekelo kwisayensi. Kukholakala ukuthi athola ama-microscope akhe okuqala ngenkathi ekhonza esitolo sendwangu. U-Anthony akazange avumelane nekhwalithi yamalensi, futhi waqala ukusebenza ekwakheni okwakhe. Indoda yajwayelana nencwadi kaRobert "i-myography" futhi yaqala izivivinyo ngengilazi.
Ngenxa yalokhu, uLevenguka wakwazi ukudala amalensi ayengasenazo ezinye izipikili, kepha avunyelwe ukukhulisa izinto ezingaphezu kwezikhathi ezingama-200. Futhi ngokwezingcweti zezingogazini, ezinye izinto zososayensi zinikeze ithuba lokuletha izikhathi ezingama-500 ezisondelene, kepha izingilazi ezinjalo azigcinwanga.
Ngokushesha nje lapho isazi semvelo sithola ama-microscope akhe uqobo, wajula ekufundweni kwezwe elizungezile. Phakathi kwempumelelo ye-Antoni - ukuvulwa kwamangqamuzana abomvu egazi, ukwakheka kwamehlo ezinambuzane kanye nezinhlobo eziningi ze-bacteria. Ngemuva kokuhlanganyela ukubonwa nodokotela weReirir de Graf, wagcizelela ekushicilelweni komsebenzi. Eminyakeni eyalandela, imisebenzi kaLevika yavele yavela kumagazini weRoyal Community London.
Imiphumela Yezifundo Zesimo Semvelo Esikhishwe ngohlobo lwezincwadi ezithumele umphakathi wesayensi. Wayehlala ebhala emhlanganweni wakhe wendabuko futhi wenqaba ukuya eLatin. Imilayezo ehunyushwe uHenry Hendenburg, owafunda ulimi lwe-anthony ngqo ngale nhloso. Umsebenzi we-Biologist we-Biologist wajabulela ukufunwa okuphezulu phakathi kososayensi futhi wathola ukubuyekezwa okukhulu kakhulu.
Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokuba uVan Levenguk aqala ukutadisha ama-microorganisms, ubuhlobo bakhe nomphakathi wasebukhosini waphangwa. Imiphumela yemisebenzi yomqambi wama-microscopes amasha abuzwa imibuzo, ngoba akekho ongafinyelela ukukhuphuka okufanayo futhi aqinisekise ukuba yiqiniso kolwazi. Kungemva kokuba abameleli besayensi yezesayensi bavakashele indoda ethile eDelft futhi baqinisekisa ukucaciswa kwengqondo yakhe, ucwaningo lwamukelwa ngokuthembekile.
Ngo-1680, umphakathi wasebukhosini wenza udokotela wezinto eziphilayo nelungu labo lokuhlonipha. Naphezu kobudlelwano obuhle nososayensi beLondon, le ndoda ibingafuni ukudalula imfihlo yokwakha ama-microscopes akhe. Wavuma ngokuzithandela izivakashi endlini yakhe, phakathi kwazo uPetru nami futhi wavuma ukusiza, ukusebenza ngedwa. Kwakuhlotshaniswa nokukhathazeka okufanele kukhohlwe ngemuva kokuthi inkampani yesayensi izothola ukusungulwa kwemvelo.
Ukushona
Ngokusho kofakazi bokuzibonela, isazi sezinto eziphilayo saqhubeka nokusebenza ngisho nasekufa kwakhe, bezama ukuqondisa imizwa yakhe kuNobhala. Ushone ngo-Agasti 26, 1723, imbangela yokufa kwakuyisifo, esagcina siqanjwe ngegama ngemuva kososayensi ngenxa yezimpawu ze-atypical.Ngokukhumbula i-Naturalwotist, ucwaningo lwayo kanye nezinto ezincane eziyi-9 Eduntsheni lakhe, babiza isibhedlela se-Oncological e-Amsterdam. Futhi, ngokwemiphumela yocwaningo luka-2004, indoda yamukelwa njengolwesine lwaseDashi omkhulu kunabo bonke emlandweni wonke.
Ukutholwa
- 1674 - infusoria ne-protos
- 1674 - Amangqamuzana abomvu egazi (ama-erythrocytes)
- I-1675 - Ukubola kwamaqanda ezintwala, ukuvulwa kwezintwala ze-embryonic
- 1677 - Spermatozoa
- 1682 - Umdwebo onemigqa emicu yemisipha.
- 1694 - Incazelo ye-Facet of Dragonfly.