I-Biograge
UPierre Curie ubizwa ngokuthi ngumuntu owenza umnikelo obonakalayo ocwaningweni lwe-rachioactivity, owanikezwa umklomelo kaNobel ku-physics. Uchithe isikhathi esiningi eqhweni, kubandakanya nonkosikazi wakhe uMaria Skododovskaya-Curie. UmFrance owatholwa okubalulekile emkhakheni kazibuthe, i-crystallography kanye ne-piezoelectricity.Ubuntwana nentsha
UPierre wazalelwa entwasahlobo yango-1859 enhlokodolobha yaseFrance, kwakukhona neminyaka yokuqala ye-biography yakhe. Unina wayeyindodakazi yomenzi nodokotela, uYise wasebenza njengodokotela. Kanye naye emndenini, kwavunyelwa enye ingane. Ngaphambi kokuthola imfundo eyunivesithi, wafunda ekhaya, izihlobo zamsiza kulokhu, kubandakanya nomfowabo omdala.
Intshisekelo yomfana ecaleni ngqo evuke eneminyaka engu-14, lokhu, abazali baqashe uprofesa wezibalo kuye, ahlanganyela naye njalo. UPierre wayengumfundi onethalente futhi ulwazi olutholakele ngokushesha kwabukhombisa eNyuvesi yaseParis, lapho eneminyaka engu-16 yathola khona iziqu ze-Bachelor's Degree degree, kwathi ngo-18 kwaba ilayisense yesayensi yezesayensi.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ngonkosikazi wesikhathi esizayo, uMaria SkododovSkaya-Curie Pierre wahlangana ngo-1894. Waqhamuka eMbusweni waseRussia eSorbonne ukuze afunde izibalo kanye ne-physics. Le ndoda yasheshe yathandana, kwathi ngonyaka wadlala umshado, ngoba kwakungekho mali, bahlela umshado olula womshado. Imali etholwe yizihlobo ithole amabhayisekili, lapho kamuva ahamba khona konke ukujula kweFrance.UCurie unenhlanhla empilweni yakhe, njengoba ahlangana nothando kuphela, kodwa futhi nomlingani wokubhala imisebenzi. Kwazalwa izingane ezimbili emshadweni, womabili amadodakazi - u-Irene no-Eva.
Isayensi
UCurie waqala ukusebenza kusenesikhathi. Kakade ngo-18, wayengumsizi welebhu kanye kanye nomfowabo bafunda ama-minerogy. Ngemuva kwalokho uPierre waqala ukucwaninga kwamakhompiyutha e-Uranium afakwe ezindlini ezahlukene. Unkosikazi waphokophela kule ndoda, eyayibhala ngokubhala ingqikithi yobudokotela eyayizama ukuqaqa into echazwe ezincwadini eziningi, lapho i-uranium ihlala ikhipha imisebe.
Ukusungula iqiniso, usosayensi wenza izilinganiso zezinga le-ionization yomoya, ngenxa yalokho afike esiphethweni esimangalisayo sokuthi i-Uranium kusuka kumafashini ahlukahlukene ingakhombisa umehluko we-ionization. Lokhu kwanikeza ithuba kwi-physics ukuthi licabange ukuthi ekukhohlisweni kwe-uranium resin, ngaphezu kwe-uranium uqobo, kungenzeka kube nenye into ebanzi.
Impumelelo enkulu kaPierre noMariya baqala i-athikili ngemuva kwalokhu, bekhuluma ngezikhulu zasePolonia, into entsha ye-radioactive yabizwa ukuhlonipha iPoland, okwakufanele ibe sekhaya ku-physics womlingani. Ukulandela lokhu, imibhalo yalombhangqwana iholele ekutholweni kwenye into - i-radium, i-agionium yabo (njenge-polonium) iphakeme kaningi kunale nkomba ku-uranium. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abashadikazi bakwazi ukubonakala bathola, kepha abakwenzanga, bancamela ukuyishiya bakhululeke kubantu.
Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi lo mndeni wawuphila awuyibubizi, njengegumbi elebhu, basebenzisa igumbi lokugcina e-Institute, kwathi kamuva baqasha i-barn, lapho kwaze kwaba ngu-1902. Emaketangeni amakhulu, kwenziwa ukuhlukaniswa kwamakhemikhali, futhi okuhlaziya okuqoqwe kwaqhubeka nokuphenywa esikoleni sendawo, lapho sabelwe khona incane, cishe ayihlomiswa ngomumo odingekayo wegumbi.
Uthole eyodwa yokuthola umklomelo wamaNobel amabili wavumela lo mbhangqwana ukuthenga imishini edingekayo yelebhu, bathenga ukugeza ngezindlela ezisele. Kwaphumelela kakhulu kubo, okusize ukuqokwa kososayensi ngezikhundla ezintsha. UPierre waba njengoprofesa ozofundisa i-physics eSorbonne, wabe esekhethwa i-Acanemian nakancane futhi wangena eFrance Academy of Science.
Ukushona
Mhlawumbe uPierre wayezokwenza okunye ukutholakala, kepha ukufa kwalo kososayensi kungazentenga kungamvumela ukuba akwenze lokhu. Ngandlela thile kusihlwa, le ndoda yabuyela ekhaya, yayina imvula emgwaqweni, imigwaqo yayingakanani. Ukuguqula umgwaqo, uCurie wehla wawa, imbangela yokufa yayiyinqothulo ye-equestrian, isondo lawo lashaya ama-curie futhi lachoboza ikhanda lakhe.Ngokukhumbula usosayensi omkhulu eSoviet Union naseBulgaria, ngasikhathi sinye sikhiphe izinhlobo ngezithombe zikaPierre Curie, futhi kamuva inyunyana yamazwe omhlaba eyabelwe igama lakhe eliseKhuluzi.
Impumelelo
- Ukuvulwa kwe-piezoelectric
- Kuvulwa Ukuvulwa
- Ukuvula i-radium