UMiles Davis (Miles Davis) - Izithombe, I-Biography, Impilo Yakho, Imbangela Yokufa, Umculo

I-Biograge

Umqambi noTrumpeter Miles Davis (Miles Davisa) babebizwa ngokuthi yiNkosana Yobumnyama nePicasso Jazz. Ngokusho kwamatshe aginqimukayo, akekho omunye umculi we-jazz oba nethonya elinjalo emculweni wedwala njengoba yena.

Ubuntwana nentsha

UJazzman wazalelwa edolobheni lase-Olton State Illinois ngoMeyi 26, 1926 emndenini ongajwayelekile kakhulu womjaho weNegro. Ubaba wasebenza njengodokotela ehhovisi lakhe lamazinyo, futhi umama wafundisa umculo, edlala i-violin, egqoke amajazi e-mink namadayimane.

Umculi, indodana yokuqala kadokotela wamazinyo ophumelelayo, obizwa ngamakhilomitha dewey ukuhlonipha uYise, ngakho-ke isiqalo esithi "junior" sengezwe egameni le-crumpeter ebusheni bakhe, elalicasulwa kakhulu. UJazzman wayenodadewethu osekhulile uDorothy Meyi kanye nomfowethu omncane uVernon Napoleon. Ngemuva kwesehlukaniso nonina amakhedi amali khefu aqokiwe (umkhulu womculi olayini kababa wabizwa nangokuthi washada nesekondari nango-1959 wathola omunye uJoseph oPhezukonke.

Kungekudala ngemuva kokuzalwa kwendlalifa egameni lomndeni, uDavisi wathuthela e-East Saint Louis. Izimayini zomndeni onombala omnyama kwakungamaJuda, ama-Armenia, amaJalimane namaGrikhi.

Shumeka kusuka ezithombeni ezifuywayo

Njengomntwana, amamayela babethanda imidlalo - isibhakela, ukubhukuda, i-baseball nebhola laseMelika. Ngombala wesikhumba kanye ne-miniatuature yesikhathi esifanayo, umfana wahlekisa nge-buckwheat. Le qembu lalivame ukuthola umhlaba ovela kubaba wakhe nakunina, ngenkathi uVernon Napoleon, ehlukaniswa ngenhlonipho, wayeyintandokazi yendawo yonke. U-Misroslev, umfowabo omncane kamayela waba ngungqingili.

Eminyakeni eyi-10, naphezu kwenhlala-kahle yomndeni, umculi wesikhathi esizayo waqala ukusakaza amaphephandaba: umfana wayefuna ukuba nemali ephaketheni futhi azisebenzise ngoswidi namanye amaswidi. Emsakazweni, amamayela alalele amakhonsathi eJazz futhi eneminyaka engu-12 ubudala anquma ukuba yicilongo.

Ipayipi lokuqala lomfana lethule umngani kababa uJohn Yubanks, izifundo zokuqala zensimbi yesicelo zinikeze umculi u-Elwood Bureken, owayephatha amazinyo amakhilomitha kapapa. Umama wakholisa amamayela ukushintshela e-violin noma upiyano, kepha umsunguli wesikhathi esizayo sikaKulu Sazz wayesabantu. Ngomnyaka we-13, uBaba wanikeza ithuluzi eliphelele kakhulu kwicilongo elisencane.

Impilo yomuntu siqu

Kusukela kumthandi wokuqala u-Irene ukukhumbula (Caton), amamayela ahlangana esikoleni ngegama elimnyama u-Abraham Lincoln. Ngo-1944, le ntombazane yabeletha indodakazi ye-novice Music Cheryl. NgoMeyi 1947, uJazzman waqamba umsebenzi onegama elinjalo. Ngalesi sikhathi, amamayela no-Iren babenengane yesibili - indodana kaDavis, futhi umculi wawungumlutha wotshwala ne-cocaine.

NgoMeyi 1949, ngesikhathi sohambo oluya eParis International Festival, amamayela asonta athandana nomculi omhlophe no-Actress uJuliette Greco, owahlala iminyaka eminingana.

Shumeka kusuka ezithombeni ezifuywayo

Ukuvukela umbuso komculi kungaphazamisi i-Irene ngo-Agasti 1950 ukwenza umculi abe umculi. Yize umsanda kuzalwa wabizwa ngodumo lukababa Milz, uJazzman waphonsa izingane nonina. Empilweni yomuntu siqu yenkompolo, izifebe kanye ne-heroin zazimatasa.

Ngo-1954, amamayela, isikhathi sokuhlulwa, ukuncika kwe-narcotic, ukuhlangana kabusha noGreco, owafika eNew York ukwethula ifilimu ngokubamba iqhaza kwakhe. Ngo-1955, uDavis wasusa ama-polyps avela eLorni. Umculi wephule ukunqatshelwa kodokotela ezingxoxweni phakathi namasonto okuqala ngemuva kokuhlinzwa futhi bathola impilo yonke.

Ekupheleni kuka-1959, amamayela ashada noFrancis Taylor Dancer, owahlangana ngo-1953 eLos Angeles. Isithombe somlingani asibeka embozweni we-albhamu ka-1961 ngolunye usuku isikhulu sami siyofika. Umshado lapho amakhilomitha ahlala eshaya umkakhe njalo, ephetha ngo-1968. Ukuziphatha okunolaka kwendoda evusa utshwala nezidakamizwa, azama ukukuhlehlisa izinhlungu ezibangelwa isikela le-anemia.

Ngo-1965, uDavis wasinda emisebenzini emi-2 kwi-hip ehlanganisiwe. Ekuqaleni, umculi wanxusa ithambo emlenzeni ophansi, bese kuba khona ipulasitiki prosthesis. NgoJanuwari 1966, i-mailz yachitha izinyanga ezintathu esibhedlela ngenxa yokutheleleka kwesibindi.

Ukufika, le ndoda yaqala ukuhlangana no-Actress uSiseli Tyson, owasiza uDavis ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala. Izithombe zemayela loMsindisi zithunyelwe embozweni we-albhamu umthakathi ("wizard"), ezaziphonsa kabusha i-discrography ngo-1967.

Shumeka kusuka ezithombeni ezifuywayo

Kodwa-ke, washada nomculi ngo-1981 kuphela, wasinda kulo mshado wesikhashana nemodeli encane nombhali wezingoma zikaMarty Maby namaRoma noMargaret Escridge, owazala umntwana wakhe wesine - u-Erina. Ngo-1972, uDavis uthole ama-fractures awo womabili ama-ankle engozini yemoto aphinde awela e-cocaine nasezinhlungwini.

Kusukela ngo-1975 kuya ku-1980, amacilongo awazange akhulume futhi ahlala ekhefini elingcolile elinama-cockroaches. Ngo-1979, ngesicelo, uMargaret Miles wafakwa ejele ngokungakhokhi kuka-Alimony endodaneni. Kusuka kumahloni, umculi uphume, ukhokha inhlawulo eyi- $ 10,000.

Umshado noTyson wadonsa uDavis kusukela esifubeni sobuhlanya be-narcotic wabuya uJazzman emculweni. Kodwa-ke, ngo-1982, lapho uSiseli esesethwe e-Afrika, icilongo laphulwa, lashukunyiswa ngotshwala futhi lahlanza unhlangothi, senziwe ngokweqiniso isandla sokudla. Unkosikazi obuyisiwe waphuma umyeni wakhe futhi wanezela ukudweba, lapho amamayela ayebandakanyeka khona empilweni yakhe yonke. Ngo-1989, umshado kaDavis noTyson baphela.

Umculo

"Ngicabanga ngomculo, ngilala futhi ngivuka; Le yinto kuphela engiphila ngayo, "iCrumpeter yabhala e-autobiography.

Yize amayunithi omculo ngamunye akholelwa ukuthi uDavis wayephansi ethalente kuleyo Jeazzmen njengoba uLouis Parktrong, uCharlie Parker wadlala ndawonye), wafinyelela imiphumela ebabazekayo ngenxa yezimpawu ezinzima.

Iqoqo le-davis uhlobo oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, olukhishwe ngo-1959, luhlala luyi-albhamu ethengiswa kakhulu ye-jazz yesikhathi sonke. Ngo-1987, abesilisa banikezwa umklomelo woGrammy njengo-Jazz Solost omuhle kakhulu, kwathi ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu bathola uGrammy ngegalelo lakhe emculweni impilo yonke.

Shumeka kusuka ezithombeni ezifuywayo

UDavis wayenesipho sokubamba ukushaywa kwemfashini yomculo futhi awasebenzise emsebenzini wawo. Ngakho-ke, ngasekupheleni kwama-40s asekhulwini lama-20, amamayela aguqulwa i-bobop, ethula amanothi amade ngaphandle kwe-vibrato kanye nemikhuhlane enenjongo, futhi adale ne-EncleNeng yokuqala edlala "i-Jazz epholile". Maphakathi nama-60 ekhulu lama-60, indoda erekhodwe ama-albhamu, okwaba yizindinganiso ze-acoustic jazz, futhi ekupheleni kweminyaka eyishumi ehlanjululwe izingoma zezixhobo ezibulalayo futhi waqala ukusebenzisa amathuluzi okuqina kwawo.

I-albhamu yokugcina yamakhilomitha e-DOO BOP yaqoshwa nge-DJ encane noRapper Izingu B. Lo mfowethu okwazile ukuqeda iqoqo ngemuva kokushona kukaJazzman, kamuva waduma ngoMkhiqizi owawusebenza kuphela owayesebenza neTupak Shakur, nangomphikisi wakhe uNotius B.G.G.

Ukushona

Kusukela ngoFebhuwari 1989, amahemuhemu akhanyele ukuthi uJazzman wayegula ngengculazi. Ekupheleni kwenyanga yokuqala yasekwindla ka-1991, amamayela ashonele esibhedlela saseSt John eCalifornia Santa Monica. Imbangela yokufa yayiyinhlanganisela yokushaywa unhlangothi, inyumoniya kanye nokwehluleka kokuphefumula. Ngemuva kokushona kukababa, uCheryl kuLill's Fakela i-20% yesimo sakhe, kanye noDavis - 40%. Amadodana amancane amamayela awashiyanga lutho.

UDavis wangcwatshwa kanye nelinye lamapayipi akhe. Ithuna laseJazzman litholakala emathuneni "Woodlon" e-New York Bronx.

Ngo-2019, uMqondisi waseMelika uStanley Nelson wakhumula ifilimu "Miles Davis: Ukuzalwa kwe-Jazz entsha", okuthi ngasekupheleni kukaMashi 2020 kukhombisile isiteshi saseRussia 20. Ngaphezu kwezithombe ze-archival kanye namarekhodi amakhonsathi e-Trumpeter, isithombe sikhombisa ukucabanga ngeJazzmen kozakwabo uCarlos Santana noHerbian Hancock.

Ukwakhelekile

• 1955-1956 - Round Cishe phakathi kwamabili
• 1958 - Porgy and Bess
• Ngo-1959 - Uhlobo oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
• 1959-1960 - Imidwebo yeSpain
• Ngo-1961 - Ngelinye ilanga isikhulu sami siyofika
• Ngo-1963 - Izinyathelo Eziyisikhombisa Ziya ezulwini
• 1967 - umthakathi
• Ngo-1967 - Nefertiti.
• Ngo-1968 - amamayela esibhakabhakeni
• Ngo-1968 - Ugcwalisa i-j de kilimanjaro
• Ngo-1969 - Endleleni Ethambile
• Ngo-1969 - Ama-Bitches Brews
• 1970 - Ubuhle Obumnyama
• 1972 - ekhoneni
• 1974 - Vuka nalo
• 1975 - U-Agharta.
• 1986 - Tutu.
• Ngo-1991 - Doo BOP