I-Biograge
UGrigori Skovorod unempilo emachibini, kodwa wagcina uthando lwezwe lakhe lomdabu. Ukhunjulwe njengembongi enethalente, umcabangi kanye nesisekelo sasesisekelo, izingcaphuno ezivela emisebenzini yazaziwa kabanzi ezincwadini zase-Ukraine naseRussia.Ubuntwana nentsha
UGrigory Savovorod uvele ngoNovemba 22 (December 3) ka-1722 edolobhaneni laseChernihi, ngaleso sikhathi ayeyingxenye yoMbuso WaseRussia. Umfana wakhula emndenini wesikole noshade naye, owayeqhamuka eGunus Shang-Gireev. Abazali bazame ukunika izingane imfundo ehle, umfowabo omdala wesazi sefilosofi uStemosophet wafunda ePoland.
UGrisha omncane wayevame ukuba abalulekile emafwini, ngenxa yalokho ayenganikwanga umsebenzi emsebenzini wasendlini. Lapho ipani lokuthosa lineminyaka engu-8 ubudala, waya esikoleni saseYacon edolobhaneni lakubo. Kamuva wangena eKiev-Mogilyan Academy, lapho akhombise khona amandla okufunda izilimi nefilosofi.
Ngalesi sikhathi, le nsizwa yathola ithalente lokuzwiswa kwamanani. Uphuthunyiswe eGlukhovaya ecula isikole, wabe esethumela eRoyal Chorao Chasel eSt. Ngalesi sizathu, uGregory kwadingeka aphazamise izifundo zawo, kepha wathola abantu obazizayo ebusweni buka-Alexey Ravumovsky kanye ne-Ignatia Poltavtsevy.
Ehlobo lika-1744, le nsizwa yabuyela eKiev kanye ne-retinue yokugcizelela u-Elizabeth. Ushiye ukucula futhi waphinda waqala ukuqeqeshwa eKiev-Mogilyan Academy. Kepha ipani lokuthosa lalifuna ukuzulazula, ngakho wajoyina iKhomishini yeTokay, inhloso yawo kwakungukuvunwa kwewayini enkantolo yasebukhosini. Ngokwezimbali zezimbali, i-polosopher ikwazile ukuvakashela e-Italy, e-Austria, iHungary nasePoland.
Ngemuva kokubuyela e-Ukraine, uGregory uthole uthisha wezinkondlo ePereyaslav, kodwa ngokushesha wayeka ngenxa yokungqubuzana nobuholi. Wazama ukuqala ukutadisha futhi e-Academy, lapho afunda khona imfundiso yenkolo, kodwa wasamukela lesi simemo ku-Stepan Tomara futhi waba yi-gutener yendodana yakhe uVasily edolobhaneni laseKovyei. Ngenxa yokuphakamisa nomndeni wakwaWadi, uGrigory wayefuna ukuyeka umsebenzi, kepha namanje ahlala nomfundi.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Mayelana nempilo yomuntu siqu ye-basinista yaziwa kancane. Wayengashadanga futhi engenazo izingane.Ukudala
Ngesikhathi ehlala ekhaphethini, le ndoda yaqala ukubhala izinkondlo. Ngemuva kokuba umfundi eshiyele indlu kababa, ipani lokuthosa lafika esifundazweni saseSloboda ukuthi liqale ukufundisa izinkondlo eKharkov Colleilgium. Kamuva waqala ukufunda inkambo yesiGreek. Ngalesi sikhathi, ifilosofi yothisha yaqala ukuheha abantu abanomqondo ofanayo lapho bebhekene nabafundi. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokungaboni ngaso linye nobuholi, owesilisa washiya isikhungo semfundo futhi washayela imfundiso.
UGregory wagcina ubungane nomfundi wakhe uMikhail Kovalensky, naye washintshana nobani eminyakeni ezayo. Ngemuva kokushona kukameluleki, umfundi wadala i-biography yakhe eningiliziwe, lapho indlela yokuphila kanye nefilosofi yomcabangi kuchaziwe.
Ngemuva kokuxoshwa, uthisha wazinza e-apiary ehlathini laseGouuzhinsky, lapho ahola khona indlela yokuphila elilimazayo. Ngokushesha waqala ukubhala i-basni, waba ngomunye we-basinople yokuqala emlandweni wase-Ukraine, kanye nezingxoxo zefilosofi. Le ndoda yaqhubeka nokuhlangana naye abahloniphayo abahlanganyela imibono yakhe ngokuphila.
Eminyakeni eyalandela, umuntu ocabangayo wahamba kakhulu futhi wenza ubuhlakani. Uvakashele indawo ezungezile eKharkov, eVorezh esifundazweni, iTaganrog, kuHursk no-Orel. Phakathi kwabangane, izinhlaka ezithomu zazingezinhla ezikhulu, abathengisi, izikhulu kanye nabantu abalungile, abazinikele emfanekisweni, ama-basni kanye nezingxoxo zefilosofi. Ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe, i-bibliography yakhe ayikaze igcwaliswe ngemisebenzi ephrintiwe.
Kunenganekwane, ngakho-ke i-Empress Empress Empress eKeterina II ifunde ngethalente likaGregory. Uthumele isimemo somuntu sokuxazulula enkantolo futhi afundise ifilosofi, kepha wenqaba, ngoba wayithanda inkululeko neyasemhlaba wonke.
Ukushona
Ngaphambi nje kokushona kukaGrigory, uMikhail Kovalensky uvakashele ukudlulisa imisebenzi yakhe kanye nezivumelwano zakhe zefilosofi kuye. Umcabangi washona ngo-Okthoba 29 (Novemba 9) Kwaba ngu-1794 endlini yomngane wakhe edolobhaneni lase-Ivanovka. Imbangela yokufa ayaziwa, kepha ngokwezitatimende zabantu besikhathi sikaphila ngesikhathi, ukuvela kwalona kungukufa kwafika kusengaphambili. Ngokwesicelo sakhe, esikhumbuzweni esingenhla ethuneni, "umhlaba wangibamba, kodwa akazange abambe."Ngokukhumbula ifilosofi, imidwebo, ama-aphorisms, izinguqulo ezivela kwezinye izilimi namaqoqo emibhalo asala.
Ukukhumbula
- Ngo-1933 - Kuvulwe iKharkov National Pedagogical University ebizwa ngegama elithi ngemuva kokuthoswa kukaGregory
- Ngo-1946 - Kudalwe yi-Institute of Filosofiy ebizwa ngegama lamagregory athosa amapani we-National Academy of Science of Ukraine
- 2003 - Kuvulwe i-Asteroid 2431 Pan Pan
- Ngo-2006 - I-National Bank of Ukraine ikhiphe umbhalo webhange nge-par ne-Par 500 Hryvnia, ekhombisa i-Grigory Skovorod
- Izikhumbuzo kumcabangi ofakwe eKiev, Kharkov naseChernumh. Eduntsheni lakhe, imigwaqo e-Odessa, eLviv, Zaporizhia, Kharkov, eKiev baqanjwa igama.
I-Bibliography
- 1765-1766 - "Uhlobo Lwamagazini Wakhe"
- 1765-1766 - "Yebo Lubzhaet My emlonyeni kaLobzani!"
- 1767 - "Anglassic. Isikwele mayelana: Zifunde. "
- 1767 - "Simphonkaa, incwadi ebethelwe i-Shans ePoznanty ngokwakhe"
- 1769-1780 - "Ukuqala Umnyango KiKristu Dobron"
- 1773-1774 - "Indandatho"
- 1774 - "Basni Kharkov"
- 1775 - "Izinhlamvu Zomhlaba"
- 1776 - "Bhuka, elibizwa ngeSilonus Alcibidis, Siren kanye Alkivadskaya Isithonjana"
- 1780 - "Incwadi Mayelana Nokufunda ImiBhalo Engcwele, unkosikazi kaLotov" uyaguqulwa "
- 1783 - "Brank Archertt Mikhail ngeSathane ngakho ngalokhu: Kulula ukuba kuhle"