UMikhail Sholokhov waziwa njengoNobel Prizate Laureate wenoveli elithi "Thula Don", nasemzaneni waseVoshenskaya, uyamkhumbula njengomuntu engqondweni. NgoMeyi 24, 2020, usuku lokugubha usuku lwasendulo lwaseRussia luneminyaka eyi-115 kusukela kwazalwa. Amaqiniso athakazelisayo avela empilweni yenganekwane yobuciko bezincwadi - ku-Material 24cm.
Kwakukhona isidlo
Phakathi kwezindaba ze-DON, umbhali uvela umsebenzi we- "Naulenok", obhekwa njengo-Autobiographical. Phambilini, i- "Naulenkk" ibizwa ngokuthi ingane engekho emthethweni. Umama womlobi, u-Anastasia Danilovna, wabeletha indodana yakhe kothandekayo, ayehlala nayo ngaphandle kokuvuza ubuhlobo.Njengoba isehlukaniso senqatshelwe, ingane ekuqaleni yabhalisa umyeni osemthethweni egameni lakhe. UMikhail uthole igama leStanic Ataman Kuznetov. Kungemva kokushona kwakhe umbhali waphenduka uSholokhov.
Ushadile hhayi kulokho
Ngo-December 1923, uMikhail wabuthelwa ukuzoshada futhi wakhetha uLidia Gromoslavskaya kuMlobokazi. Kodwa-ke, ubaba oshaywayo wabakhethiweyo akazange afise ukunika indodakazi nendodakazi ngaphambi kwayo - ayimukelwanga.
Umkhwenyana wesikhathi esizayo wanikezwa indodakazi endala, uMarusya, kanye nesithembiso sokwenza umuntu waseSholokhov. UMikhail Alexandrovich wavuma. Kamuva, abantu bathi umshado wobude obude eminyakeni engama-60 waqedwa ezulwini.
Osolwa ngokubonisana
Ngisho nangemva kwamashumi eminyaka, ngemuva kokushona koMdali 'wePacific Don ", izingxoxo ezenzweni zenoveli aziyeki. Amavolumu okuqala ayi-2 e-Epic aphuma lapho uSholokhov cishe eneminyaka engama-23 ubudala. Ukujula komsebenzi kushaywe imininingwane ebonakala sengathi yakha umuntu onamakilasi ama-4 wemfundo awakwazanga ukudala.Empilweni ehlakaniphile, bekukhona imibuzo mayelana "nokuhluleka" kwe-Creative "empilweni yomlobi, lapho uphefumulelwa ngamshiya ngokungazelelwe. USergey Golowyshev noFedor Kryov, nalo lalisekelwa nalo ngu-Alexander Solzhenitsyn, njengabadali be-EPIC.
Ubufakazi bokuqala bokubhalwa busezikhathini zaseStalin, lapho umbhalo wesandla wababhali be-Don Writ wahlola ikhomishini ye-rapp. Lapho-ke kuma-hypotheses mayelana nokuphambanisa abakubona umona. Ngo-1999, umbhalo wesandla wangempela wezincwadi ezi-2 zamaRoma Sholokhov, eqinisekisa ithalente lomlobi, owayevele asuse le mpikiswano. Izingxabano azilokothi zize kuze kube manje.
Inoveli Eshisiwe "Balwa Ngaphakathi Kwabo"
E-biography yokudala yeSholokhov kwakukhona isikhathi sembongolo lapho eshisa lo mbhalo wenoveli "balwa nezwe labo." Njengefa, kwakukhona izahluko ezimbalwa kuphela eziphrintiwe.
Isizathu sokuthi inoveli yayisivutha, yaba umbuso wobushiqela lapho uMikhail Alexandrovich ayenqatshelwe ukuphrinta iqiniso, ekholelwa ukuthi isikhathi besingakafiki. Noma kunjalo, ngisho nalezo zahluko ezisindile, kwanele ukuthi uSergei Bondarchuk adedele ifilimu elifanayo mayelana nempi nezimpikiswano zaseSoviet.
Wasinda ngemuva kokuphahlazeka kwendiza
Mayelana nengozi abantu abambalwa abayaziyo. Ukusebenza umbhali wephephandaba "Yiqiniso", uSholokhov wabuya kusukela ngaphambili kuya ku-Kuibyshev ku-bompardsher. Indiza yashayeka, umbhali kuphela umbhali wasala ephila. UMikhail alexandrovich wahlupheka kakhulu: wadiliza izitho zangaphakathi ezingaphakathi, ikhanda lalivuvukala, liphefumula kanzima ukulahlekelwa ukwazi. Kodwa-ke, kumaMemori endodakazi yakhe, uSholokhov akakaze akhononde ngobuhlungu.Kwanqatshelwa umklomelo kaNobel
UMikhail Sholokhov uqokelwe umklomelo kaNobel amahlandla ayi-12. Eminyakeni engama-25 kuphela ngemuva kokuphothulwa kwenoveli, umbhali wathola umklomelo wamazwe omhlaba - ngokuvunywa nguhulumeni we-USSR.
Ngo-2016, abaphakanyisiwe bango-1965 baziwa. Umhlangano waxoxa ngombono wokuhlukanisa umvuzo phakathi kuka-Ana Akhmatova noMikhail Sholokhov. Amagama kaSolwazi Anders Espen okuhlukanisayo ayenquma ukuthi ababhali bahlanganisa kuphela ulimi, futhi uma kungenjalo bahlukile.
Akazange akhothame enkosini yaseSweden
Ngesikhathi sethulwa umklomelo wamazwe omhlaba, umlobi waphula inhlonipho, ngaphandle kokukhothama enkosini yaseSweden. Akwaziwa ngokuqinisekile, kwaphazanyiswa ngamabomu ngokulawulwa noma injabulo yathinteka. Kodwa-ke, ngokwezinkumbulo zabantu ababephila ngesikhathi sikaphila ngesikhathi sikaphila ngesikhathi sikazalwa, thina, izikolo, asikhothami kunoma ngubani. Lapha phambi kwabantu - ngiyacela, kepha angizukuphambi kwenkosi, nakho konke ... "