I-Biograge
I-Theophileile Gauthier iyimbongi yaseFrance kanye neprosetha, ehlanganisa izindawo ezimbalwa ezithandwayo futhi zigeleze ubuhlakani. Kuqala ukusebenza ngesitayela sothando, kamuva wajoyina ama-parrooms. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iGauthier yasebenza njengentatheli, kwakuyinto yokudlala nokugxekwa.Ubuntwana nentsha
UPierre Jules Teo Film Gauthi wazalelwa emngceleni weSpain waseTarbe ngo-Agasti 31, 1811. Ngemuva kwesikhashana, umndeni wakhe wathuthela eParis. UGauthier wayevame ukuba nomoya ophansi weningizimu nezindawo zakhe ezamxhumanisa nazo. Le nsizwa yathola imfundo enhle yabantu. Wafundela ukupenda futhi waba umlandeli wezothando, owawuthambisa intsha yaleyo nkathi.
IGaatier yazibiza ngomlandeli kaViktor Hugo. Ebusheni bakhe, imbongi inake idatha yangaphandle, kodwa, ngokuthatha isipiliyoni, ngabona ukuthi okuqukethwe kubaluleke kakhulu. Isithombe sikaHayiyini, insizwa enezinwele ezinde, ifaka iqhawe lezothando ebuciko balesi sikhathi.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
I-Theoofe Gauthier yashada, kodwa kwazi kancane ngempilo yomuntu siqu yombhangqwana. Unkosikazi wamnika indodakazi kaJuda. Wayephakathi kwezingane ezilandela ezinyathelweni zabazali, futhi waba yisibalo sabafundisi. Indawo enkulu esemsebenzini wayo yathuthukiswa ekuhumusheni kolimi lwesiJapan.Ukudala
Iqoqo lenkondlo le-Debut I-Theophileile Gauthier yashicilelwa ngabo-18borth. Ngaleso sikhathi, ukuqala koMlobi kwakuneminyaka engu-19 ubudala. Incwadi yabizwa ngokuthi "izinkondlo". Kuze kube ngu-1836, iGauthier yakhipha imisebenzi ka-Albertus, "iFrance yabancane", "izinyembezi zikaDeveli", "Fortune". Ngokusebenzisa izingoma zembongi, ezazibuyisa i-bibliography yakhe, yabheka ushintsho ngendlela yokudala. Ukuzibophezela ku-Romanticism, wahlanganisa ukulula nothando lwezinkondlo ezinezimpawu ezijwayelekile zokuqondisa.
Ngaphezu kwenkundla yezinkondlo, i-Theophileile Gauthier yatholakala njengentatheli. Lokhu kulandela, wakhetha njengesikhafu esiletha imali. Indoda ibilokhu isebenza ngaphandle kokuphefumlelwa ngaphandle kokuphefumlelwa, ngokubalwa okucacile kokuthanda izinto ezibonakalayo, ngoba imlethe imali eyinhloko. Isikhathi eside, umbhali washicilelwa ebhukwini "Cindezela", wakha umfutho omangalisayo emphakathini. Wabandakanyeka nokugxekwa kobuciko nokubhala.
Ngo-1844, ukukhanya kwabona iphrojekthi ye-groteesque, eyaletha abambalwa abakhohliwe yizilaleli. Phakathi kwazo kwakunguFrancois Viyon futhi wandide uSirano de Bergerac. Umsebenzi we-GoCha we-GoCha ohlanganiswe nohambo. Wahamba kulo lonke elaseYurophu futhi wahlala eRussia. Umphumela wohambo kwakuyindalo enesihloko esithi "Uhambo oluya eRussia". Ngo-1867, umbhali washicilela incwadi ethi "Amagugu Obuciko BaseRussia." I-Theophileile Gauthier ethanda ukulungisa imibono yabavakashi. Zigcinwe ngohlobo lwemisebenzi ezimele echaza ubuhle bemvelo nemibono enhle.
Indalo edume kakhulu yombhali bekungukuqoqwa "koqweqwe lwawo noKameoi", umsebenzi owenziwa ngalo ngo-1850-1870. Umbhali wathatha cishe iminyaka engama-20 ukudala imisebenzi yale ncwadi. Kuyo, wabonisa okuhlangenwe nakho nemizwa, izinkumbulo namaphupho. Kwashicilelwa izinhlelo zokuhlanganiswa ezi-6, ngamunye wawo wayenendatshana entsha. Uma nge-18522 yahlanganisa izinkondlo eziyi-18, ngaleso sikhathi ngencwadi ka-1872 yayiqukethe indalo engama-47.
Unoveli odumile uGauth ubhekwa njengoCaptain Frakass. " Ngokokuqala ngqa, umsebenzi washicilelwa ngo-1863. Wadluliselwa ezilimini zakwamanye amazwe, futhi eRussia indatshana yaphinde yabuyiselwa kabili. Inoveli ichaza iFrance yekhulu le-17 neBhodi laseLouis XIII. I-leitmotif enkulu ngumugqa wothando we-baron encane futhi obambe iqhaza ophambukayo. Ukuze uthole uzwela, le nsizwa iqhubeka esiteji futhi ifaka isithombe sikakaputeni Frakass, iqhawe likaComedy del Arte.
I-Theophileile Gauthier ngumnikazi webhayibheli elibanzi. Imisebenzi yakhe yathumba igama lomlobi emakhasini omlando wezincwadi zaseYurophu. Indoda edale izingoma ezahlukene ze-Collapic ze-biography yokudala engama-40, kubhekwa njengezikole zabaseParnasseans, ezazofika esikhundleni sothando. Kuliqiniso, ukwahlulela ngokubuyekezwa kwembongi okwesikhathi esidlule, akubona bonke ozakwabo kulo mhlangano abasekela ngalo leli phuzu.
Ukushona
UGauthier ushone ngo-Okthoba 23 ngo-1872 ngaseParis, edolobheni laseNeui. Isizathu sokufa kwakhe asimboziwe. Ithuna lembongi lisemathuneni aseMontmartre. Namuhla, izithombe zakhe zishicilelwa ezincwadini emlandweni wezincwadi zakwamanye amazwe nezobuciko.I-Bibliography
- 1830 - "Izinkondlo"
- Ngo-1831 - "MARELS Cafe"
- Ngo-1832 - "Oturius"
- Ngo-1832 - "Elias Wildmanstadius"
- Ngo-1833 - "Ngaphansi kwetafula"
- Ngo-1835 - "Mademoiselle de Mopen"
- Ngo-1847 - I-Militon
- Ngo-1850 - "UJean noJegusta"
- Ngo-1858 - "Roman Mayelana Mummy"
- Ngo-1836 - "UCaptain Fracass"
- Ngo-1838 - "Amahlaya Okufa"
- Ngo-1852 - "Komel noKameoi"
- Ngo-1865 - "Ngesikhathi Sizulazula"
- Ngo-1867 - "Iya eRussia"