USalman Rushdi - isithombe, i-biography, impilo yomuntu siqu, izindaba, ukufunda 2021

I-Biograge

I-Laureate yomklomelo weKuker, i-Magical Rearist kaSalman Rushdi yaziwa emhlabeni ngenxa yokungagcini kuphela iziza nolimi lwemisebenzi, kodwa futhi nama-biografikhi. Ngemuva kokushicilelwa kwenoveli ethi "Izinkondlo zikaSathane", umholi ongokomoya we-Ayatollah Rukyalla Khomeini ushicilelwe uFetwa, ebiza ukubulawa kombhali.

Ubuntwana nentsha

Umlobi wazalelwa edolobheni laseBombay, manje elibizwa ngokuthi uMumbai, ngoJuni 1947, izinyanga ezi-2 ngaphambi kokutholwa kwenkululeko yaseNdiya. U-Ahmed Salman uwukuphela kwendodana yosomabhizinisi u-Ahmed Rushdi nothisha uNigin Bhahahatt, owanikela ngamadodakazi amathathu. Ngo-2007, udadewenu omncane wafa edlula e-opioid. Owesifazane wayeneminyaka engama-45 ubudala.

Shumeka kusuka ezithombeni ezifuywayo

Ubaba uSallman wathatha igama likaRushdi ukuhlonipha i-Adalusi yasePhilososer-Muslim Century Central Ibn Rushda, eyaziwa eYurophu ngaphansi kwegama lesiLatini averori. Lo mbhali watshelwa ngalokhu encwadini ye-autobiographical "Joseph Anton".

Umfana uthole imfundo yamabanga aphansi kwesinye sezikhungo zemfundo ezihlonishwayo zeNdiya - Isikole sangasese sikaJohn Connon, phakathi kweziqu zawo - isantazo-uKhomi Jamid Babja, intatheli kanye nesayensi yezepolitiki uFid Zakaria. Ngemuva kwalokho uSalman wafunda eRoyal College of Cambridge futhi wathola ukuba yisakhamuzi saseBrithani eneminyaka engu-17.

Impilo yomuntu siqu

URushdi, kusukela ngonyaka ka-2000 e-United States futhi kusukela ngo-2016 onobuzwe baseMelika, wasekela u-Barack Obama futhi wavotela uHillary Clinton okhethweni lukaMongameli. Ngo-2007, umlobi wathola isihloko seBrithani saseBrithani.

Ngo-1999, uSalman wabhekana nesimo esiphuthumayo sokulungiswa kwamehlo. Ngenxa ye-PTOS (ukugula okubangelwa ekunciphiseni izicubu zobuso), umlobi wawukhula waba nzima kakhulu ukuvula amehlo akhe. Intuthuko ye-postoperative ingalandelelwa esithombeni somlobi.

I-Rushi inamakhasi ezinkundleni zokuxhumana, kepha umbhali ukhetha "Facebook" no "Twitter".

Shumeka kusuka ezithombeni ezifuywayo

Umlobi washada amahlandla amane. Umfazi wokuqala kaLaard Warm, ngo-1979 wamnika indodana kaZafari, uSalman wasuka maphakathi nawo-1980 wekhulu lama-19 leminyaka ngenxa yenoveli enomlobi wase-Australia uRobin Davidson. Ngo-1988, uRushdi washada nomunye umuntu wesifazane - umbhali we-lady - iMelika Marianna Wiggins, enemvelaphi yesiGreki neyeScotland. Ngo-1993, ababhali bahlukanisa.

Ngo-1997, uSalman waphetha umshado no-Elizabeth West, owabeletha indodana yakhe encane uMilan. Ngo-2004, le ndoda yaphinde yahlukanisa umlingisi waseMelika waseNdiya umsuka wePadmu Lakshmi. Kodwa-ke, umshado nobuhle, okwakungumbhali omncane iminyaka engama-23, waphela ngo-2007.

Izincwadi

Ngaphambi kokuthatha umlobi, uRushdi wasebenza njengombhali wekhophi. Indoda yeza nemicimbi yokukhangisa yabakhiqizi baseMelika be-Express kanye nabakhiqizi abamnandi.

Umthengisi waseRoma Salman othi "u-Grimos" wasala cishe abagxeki abangaziwa. Umlobi, njengasemisebenzini elandelayo, wakhuluma ngobuhlobo beziko, imibhalo ye-metaphysics futhi wasebenzisa ubuqiniso bomlingo njengokwamukelwa kwemibhalo. Ezincwadini ezikhuluma isiRussia, abamele abadumile kakhulu yibona ababambisene nababhali be-Marina noSergey Dyachenko.

Iqiniso lomlingo, umnyombo wokuthi yikuphi ukufundela umlingiswa ngamathalente angenabuhlakani futhi ucabange kabusha izinganekwane zakudala, uRushdi wasebenzisa futhi enoveni yesibili "izingane eziphakathi kwamabili." Umbhali wacabanga ukuthi wonke amaHindu azalwe ngehora lokuqala losuku lapho iNdiya yathola inkululeko khona, inabaphikele kakhulu. Impilo yomuntu siqu yeqhawe elikhulu likaSalem Soyna nezinye izinhlamvu zigcwele izehlakalo ezinhle kakhulu kanye nokungenangqondo.

Umsebenzi "wezingane zaphakathi kwamabili", okwaba yincwadi eyintandokazi yeSoloist of the U2 Bono Group, hhayi kuphela ukuthola i-Bucker Premium, kodwa futhi kabili "kabili" kabili "njengomnikazi ongcono kakhulu womvuzo we-25 no Iminyaka engama-40. Ukuhlolwa kwenoveli ngumqondisi we-Indo-Canadian Lady-Director kukhishwe uMehta, kunalokho, kwahlala ngaphandle kwemiklomelo.

Isithathu Rushdi "amahloni" sawela ohlwini olufushane lweprimiyamu yebhakede. Lo msebenzi wawubonakala kahle eTehran - Ukuhunyushwa ePersian kwathola umklomelo wemiklomelo kaHulumeni weRiphabhulikhi yase-Iran.

Labo abangadalulwa yincwadi ethi "Izinkondlo zikaSathane" ezidumile kwi-bibliography of Rushdi, kuthiwa ayifundanga inoveli. Umlayezo ophambili womsebenzi ubumbana ngokutholwa kwamaSulumane eYurophu nasekugwemekeke kokubuya kwabalandeli bakaMohammed to the Origins.

Shumeka kusuka ezithombeni ezifuywayo

Maphakathi nesakhiwo sezinkondlo "zikaSathane" ama-hindu amabili amaSulumane, owasinda ngemuva kokuqubuka kwendiza. Iqhawe elilodwa liba umbhali wengelosi iJabrail (Gabriel), omunye kancane kancane aphendukela kuSathane.

Ulaka ayatollas wabangela izahluko ezimbili. Umuntu uchaza inkampani ethanda inkolo, lapho iHomney ngokwakhe iqagelwa khona. Kwesinye isahluko, kuyahlekisa kuchaza umhlangano wabalingiswa ngomprofethi uMahaund, inguqulo ye-mohammed.

I-Iranian Fundaistics ngo-1987 yamisa imali yokubulawa kukaRushdi. Iminyaka engama-30, inani lemiholo likhuphuke lisuka ku- $ 2 million libe ngama- $ 3.9 million. Umklomelo uzothola ukubulala umbhali, noma ngabe ungumSulumane. I-featva Homeney yaba yisizathu sokuphuka kobudlelwano bezobudlelwano base-UK nge-Iran. Umbhali wanikeza ukuphepha okujikelezayo.

Imisebenzi ephawuleka kakhulu ye-Rushdi yale minyaka elandelayo isiphenduke "ukufutheka" kanye "nomthakathi weFlorentine", kanye "no" Clorentine Shalimar ", atshela ngoguquko lweKashmir Circus Acrobat kumbulali weKashmir Circus emleleni. UPeru umbhali ungowama-tals afanelekile "Garun nolwandle lwezindaba" kanye no "Luka kanye nomlilo wokuphila." Ngo-2017 "Indlu Yegolide" - umzekeliso mayelana nenkinga yokomoya ye-America yanamuhla, lapho uMongameli uDonald Trump athathwe khona ngaphansi kwegama likaJoker.

USalman Rushdi manje

Ngo-2019, uRushdi wakhipha enye inoveli "Kishott". "UDon Quixote" wanamuhla, wabuka ama-thrillers kanye namabutho, uthandana nemiklomelo efinyeleleka kalula futhi uhambe e-United States, engena ekulweni namabutho amabi. Ngo-2020, i-Russian publishing House "Act" ishicilele futhi ukuhunyushwa kweRussia of Roman Rushdi "ukufutheka".

I-Bibliography

• Ngo-1975 - "Frimas"
• Ngo-1981 - "Izingane Zikabili"
• 1983 - "Ihlazo"
• 1987 - "Ukumamatheka Jaguar"
• 1988 - "Izinkondlo zikaSathane"
• 1990 - "Garun nolwandle lwezindaba"
• Ngo-1992 - "" Mothermed Motherland "
• 1994 - "East-West"
• 1995 - "Ukububula okuvalelayo kweMarav"
• Ngo-1999 - "Umhlaba Ngaphansi Kwemilenze"
• 2001 - "Ukufutheka"
• Ngo-2005 - "Cloon Shalimar"
• 2008 - "Florentine Collade"
• 2010 - "Luka nomlilo wokuphila"
• 2012 - "Joseph Anton"
• 2015 - "Uneminyaka emibili, izinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili nobusuku obungamashumi amabili nesishiyagalombili"
• 2017 - "Indlu Yegolide"
• 2019 - "Kishott"