I-Biograge
Ngo-1980s, u-Ali Khamenei wayengumongameli wase-Iran, futhi manje useyisamba somholi ophakeme kunawo wonke weRiphabhulikhi, umholi wezwe nezwe. I-Great Ayatollah iholwa yi-corpus yabanakekeli be-Islamic Revolution, ethatha ingxenye esebenzayo emicimbini yempi yase-Civil Syria.Ubuntwana nentsha
UHlambe uHosainee Khamenei wazalwa ngoJulayi 1939 emndenini wezizukulwane zomprofethi uMohammed, owayehlala edolobheni laseMashhad. Umkhulu wakhe wayeyisishoshozelo esivelele senkolo sobuzwe be-Azerbaijani, eshumayela e-Iraq amashumishumi eminyaka.
Ubaba - Imfundiso yenkolo kanye nommeleli wabefundisi kwakunguShiite Ayatolla, owafundisa umbono we-Islam noKoran esigabeni sesibili esikoleni. Umama, ongowokuzalwa esiFundazweni sasendulo, wayengowaseMuslim Clan, amalungu akhe akha izincwadi zama-Arab, uHadith, ifilosofi no-Calam.
U-Ali wayenabo odade abayisikhombisa futhi abafowethu bakhulela ezimweni ezi-ascetic, ngoba indoda ephakeme emndenini igweme ukweqisa. Kwenzeka ukuthi esikhundleni sokudla kwasemini kanye nesidlo sakusihlwa, izingane zithole amanzi, nesinkwa esenziwe ekhaya nge-ray embalwa yamasheya alinganayo abiwe nhlobo.
Imfundo uMongameli wesikhathi esizayo wase-Iran etholwe eDolobheni elingokomoya Academy, lapho othisha babeyizilo ezigunyaziwe zikaMilani noHege Sheikh Hazvini. Lapho-ke umfana wafunda esikoleni sezenkolo emngceleni onoSaudi Arabia kanye nemfanelo yenkolo yokuzivocavoca kaKuma ngaphansi kokuqala kwe-Ayatollah ruklorly homney.
Imizwa ye-Ultra-radical of the meent yathonya i-biography yensizwa, nakwezemisebenzi yezepolitiki elwa nohulumeni, washaya kaningana. Imininingwane ka-Iran nezokuphepha, ezingaphansi kweShahinshea, yazingela abaphikisi futhi yacindezela noma yimuphi umbhikisho.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ngokwesiko lamaSulumane, impilo yomuntu siqu yesibalo esikhulu sezepolitiki sase-Iran ayisona isizinda somphakathi futhi efihliwe emehlweni entengo. Mayelana nowesifazane, okuyigama likaKhojast, namadodakazi azalwe emshadweni osemthethweni, ku-Iranian nakwezindaba zomhlaba kubhalwe okuncane.Ngamadodana kaPostafa, uMasud noMaisam Khamenei baphatha uMbuso Wakho, futhi uMochtaba washada nendlalifa kusikhulumi sase-Irani, ngasikhathi sinye ebheke nguMajlis. Baye ezithombeni ezenziwe emicimbini yomphakathi, futhi bengena emphakathini wamaSulumane wezenkolo nakubantu bezepolitiki abaphakeme kunabo bonke.
Umsebenzi nezepolitiki
Umsebenzi wezepolitiki weChamen, owaqala ebusheni bakhe, waqhubeka ngemuva kokuguqulwa kwamaSulumane ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-70s, wanyakazisa iran. Ngenxa yalokho, uthisha u-Imam Khomeini wahola umbuso wenqabe eMonalchy, kanti uNdunankulu waba ngumbuso ogama lakhe linguMehdi Bazargan.
U-Ali njengomuntu obambe iqhaza ezigabeni ezenza inhloko yoMkhuleko wangoLwesihlanu, ohlanganisa ukuhlanzwa okungokomoya ngenkulumo-ze engomumo phakathi kwabantu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uMartive Mashhad wayezibandakanye ekwakheni iphathi yeRepublican, okuqhubeka nemibono esezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu elithuthukile ezindabeni.
Shumeka kusuka ezithombeni ezifuywayoNgo-1979, uHamine weza kuhulumeni njengephini likangqongqoshe wezokuvikela kanye nenhloko yezidumbu zamabutho ama-Elite. Ngemuva kwaloko waqoka kutsi aphini likaMuslim Majlis, lapho athola khona inhlabathi ukusetshenziswa kwezimfanelo zobuholi.
Imisebenzi yezepolitiki enesivunguvungu yavusa imizamo eminingana eyenziwa yinhlangano ye-leveroradical Partisan "Forkan". Kepha u-Ali, ngokungafani nabangane ephathini, bagwema ukubulawa kwegazi kanye no-Okthoba 1981 walibangisa eRalipuc Republic yase-Iran.
NjengoMongameli othumele eRAKHBARA, noma ekhanda eliphakeme, uHamine wathumela yonke imizamo ukuqeda amabutho ahlukahlukene. Ngemuva kokufa kukaKhomeini, waba ngumuntu ozongenela ukhetho lokuba yiposi yodwa, ngenxa yabaholi abangokomoya bakahulumeni badlula futhi banqoba.
Kusukela ngalowo mzuzu kuqhubeke, i-Iran yaqala ukuhlelwa kabusha kwezepolitiki zakwamanye amazwe nezasekhaya, kwakukhona ushintsho kuMthethosisekelo oluhle ekhanda lezwe elisha. Akazange abekelwe isibopho sokuba nesihloko sokuba isihloko se-ayatollah enkulu, kepha ulwazi emkhakheni wezenkolo lwaludingeka ngokuphoqelelwa.
Ngo-1994, u-Ali uthole i-regalia yendabuko, ngemuva kokuthi umphakathi ophakeme ongokomoya umemezele yena marja. Kepha umbusi wenqabile ukuba igunya eliyinhloko lomphakathi we-intra-kazwelonke ukuze alondoloze ibhalansi entekenteke eRiphabhulikhi phakathi kwezwe nempi.
Ukubhikisa ubudlova, umbusi wagxeka uhulumeni waseMelika ngokusekela isenzo sakwa-Israyeli ngokumelene neRiphabhulikhi yase-Iraq. Ubuye wasekela amaPalestine axoshwa ensimini yomlando, futhi abizelwa ukuqondiswa okudumile ukubakhulula endimeni yabafaki.
Umholi ophakeme kunawo wonke we-hammens waphikisana nokuqongelelwa kwezikhali zenuzi, kepha azange anqabele amaSulumane ephathini yokuthuthukiswa kweRiphabhlikhi ngezidingo zokuvikela. Lokhu kudale amazwe angenayo anempilo emkhakheni wezikhali, amakhanda ashiwo ukuthi indlela ka-Iran ayemukeleki.
Shumeka kusuka ezithombeni ezifuywayoIminyaka emibili engaphelele kuphela ngemuva kokuvela kwe-hype, umphakathi womhlaba usuthole amandla okuxoxa nge-cyclically ngalo magazini. U-Ali wahlangana noTehran noMongameli waseRussia uVladimir Putin futhi wacacisa imininingwane yohlelo lwenuzi, waphawula ukuntuleka kwezinsongo ezingaba khona.
Engqungqutheleni yabezindaba ngemuva kwezingxoxo ezivalekile, ilungu loMkhandlu Wezokuphepha Kazwelonke, umhlanganyeli we-Islamic Revolution, osopolitiki kanye nezenkolo uShan Ruklani wayekhona. Kamuva waba nguMongameli wase-Iran, owasinda ezinkulumweni zokulwa nohulumeni, owayengu-tangential, nenhloko ephakeme kakhulu yeChamen.
Kodwa-ke, iningi labantu beRiphabhulikhi basekela umholi ongokomoya impilo yonke, ngoba wakhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa komnotho nenqubekela phambili yesayensi nezobuchwepheshe. Kuliqiniso, yonke ingqalasizinda yayingeyesiwa ngumbuso, okwakuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa kwebhizinisi futhi yehlise ijubane le nqubo ngandlela thile.
U-Ali Chamenei manje
2020 Ngoba i-Iran yaqala ngezindaba ezibuhlungu: iRiphabhulikhi ilahlekelwe yi-General kanye nenqubomgomo kaKasem Suleimani. Umholi ophakeme kunawo wonke osolwa ngokubulala amalungu eHulumeni waseMelika futhi wathi kubasekeli bakaDonald Trump, kuzofika izinsuku ezinzima.
Ngemuva kokukhipha amarokhethi ezisekelweni zamasosha ase-US eSyria, izwe lahlangana eTehran emcimbini wokungcwaba. UHamine, owayencibilikile ebhokisini likamufi, wathembisa ukuqhubeka nendaba ye-warlord futhi enze konke okusemandleni abo bashiye isifunda saseMiddle East.