I-Biograge
U-Alexander Gorchakov wase-Young Lear wawubheka kwi-diplomat eyalwelwe. Amakhono okuxoxisana kanye nekhono lokuxazulula izingxabano kwasiza indoda ukuthi yakhe umsebenzi omuhle kakhulu futhi inikeze ukuthandwa ngumbusi waseRussia.Ubuntwana nentsha
U-Alexander Mikhailovich Gorchakov uvele ngoSepthemba 4 (15) NgoJuni 1798 eCapsal (manje manje hapsalu, estonia). Uyinzalo kaJehova onomusa, uYise womfana wawumkhulu, umama wagqoka isihloko se-baroness futhi wakhulisa indodana kaCharles emshadweni owedlule.
Ubuntwana bukaSasha busetshenziselwe ukuqeqeshwa kwasekhaya, wabe esethunyelwa eTsarskoyel Lyceceum, lapho ahlangana khona nembongi yekusasa u-Alexander pushkin, ubudlelwano nobani obesesekelwa eminyakeni elandelayo. Kakade esemncane uGorchakov wakhombisa ukuthambekela kokukhulumisana, wayenesifiso sezepolitiki nezincwadi, angasekela ingxoxo yezwe. Isikhungo sezemfundo Umuntu ophothule izivakashi.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
UNgqongqoshe Wempilo Yakho Kwakwazi ukuhlela kakade ebudaleni, eminyakeni engama-40. U-Alexander washada nomfelokazi ka-Ivan Musina-Pushkin Maria Alexandrovna, owabalwa yindodakazi yakhe kumphathi wakhe uDmitry Tatishchev. Ngenxa yomshado nobuhle bokuqala, khona-ke igumbi lahamba nenkonzo ethandekayo eshisayo ukufakazela isivivinyo esizayo sokuthi abakhethiweyo abalulekile kuye. Lo mbhangqwana wawunamadodana amabili, uMikhail noKonstantin, futhi wakhulisa kafushane abantwana bomshado emshadweni owedlule.Inkambo
Izinyathelo zokuqala ezisesitebhisini somsebenzi uSasha wenza isikhundla samakhamera-juncker futhi wayevame ukuhamba ohambweni lwabalwa yiCharles Nesselrod. Ebusheni beGorchakov bakwazile ukusebenza emazweni ahlukahlukene omhlaba. Wakhonza njengonobhala wenxusa laseRussia eLondon naseRoma, wayengumeluleki eBerlin naseVerona, ummeli eFlorence.
Ngo-December 1825, le nsizwa yafika eSt. Petersburg ukuletha isifungo kuMbusi uNicrolas. Waba ufakazi wokuzithandela ekuvukeleni okungadumile kodumo, lapho abalingani bakhe bahlanganyela khona. Kamuva, u-Alexander wabamba uPushkin, owayesesixhumanisi, esasingathinta kabi umsebenzi. Emva kwalokho, imbongi yabhala iVesi "Prince A. M. Gorchakov", lapho umngane azothambekela khona umngani ngeLyceum "ngendlela ejabulisayo."
Kwakungenzeki ukugwema izinkathazo ngenxa yokujwayelana nomuntu nombuso, i-gorchakov yehlulekile, wasolwa ngalokho akwaziyo mayelana nokwakha amakhabethe, kodwa awazange amtshele abaphathi abaphakeme. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, inkosana ayitholakalanga enecala futhi yaqhubeka nokuthola ukuthuthuka. Wanqunywa yigumbi, isihloko lapho i-prozomat eyagcinwa khona ngisho nangesikhathi sokusula okwesikhashana.
Eminyakeni ngemuva kokubuyela enkonzweni yaseGorchakov echithe eJalimane. Kuqala, wathunyelwa eStuttgart ukukhuthaza umshado wezikhulu zaseRussia ngenkosana yaseJalimane, kodwa ekugcineni wahlala edolobheni njengenxusa eliphuthumayo iminyaka eyi-12. Ngo-1850, waqala ukusebenza ngokufana eFrankfurt am main, lapho adonsela khona nge-Otto Chancellor. Bismarck.
Lapho kuqala impi ye-Crimean, owesilisa wenza imisebenzi yenxusa eVienna. Ngalesi sikhathi, ubudlelwane buseRussia kanye nokwakhiwa kwe-Austria bukhula, okwaphumela ekusongelweni kokuvela kwesitha esisha. Kepha izenzo ezinqumayo nezenembile ze-gorchakov zasiza ukugcina umhlaba obuthakathaka phakathi kwamazwe. Ngemuva kokwesula kukaNgqongqoshe Wezangaphandle, u-Alexander waqokwa kulesi sikhundla.
Eminyakeni eyalandela, isikhulu esichithwe, sizama ukugcina ukungathathi hlangothi kwesimo saseRussia. Umgomo wakhe waholela ekuhwebeni kwesikhashana kwe-France neJalimane, kepha namanje ahlulekile ukugwema impi. Lapho iRussia ihlangana nePrussia esifiso esijwayelekile sokuxazulula "umbuzo wasePoland" futhi igweme ukuthukwa, impi ye-Austro-Prussian yaqala, eyaphela ngokunqoba kwalokhu.
I-prodom yahlala ethembekile ebunganeni no-Otto Bismarck futhi yathatha izinyathelo zokugqugquzelwa yiPrussia empini ne-France. Ukwazile ukugcina i-Austria ekuphazanyisweni ngengxabano, yabe isithola ukubuyekezwa kwezimo ze- "Paris World" - Imali esayiniwe ngaphambi kokuqokwa kwakhe esikhundleni sesikhonzi. Ngokwemibandela emisha, uMbuso WaseRussia wathola ithuba lokugcina imikhumbi yezempi olwandle olumnyama phambilini yayibhekwa njengelithathiwe njengamanzi angathathi hlangothi. Ngezenzo zakhe, gorchakov uthole isihloko senkosana ekhanyayo.
Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokunqoba iFrance, ubudlelwano phakathi kwePrussia neRussia bushintshile, ngoba iBismarck ayisenakudinga umhlobo. Waba nomthelela ekwakhekeni kwenyunyana enezindlela ezintathu, lapho isimo saseRussia sancike khona eJalimane nase-Austria.
U-Alexander Naemaly waqhubeka nokukholelwa umngani wakhe waseJalimane kuze kube ngu-1879. Konke kwaphela ngeBerlin Congress, yabika ngemuva kokunqoba kweRussia ngaphezulu kweTurkey, kanye nenhlangano yokuzivikela, okuyiBismarck ephetha nge-visna ngokumelene noMbuso waseRussia. Ngalesi sikhathi, impilo yaqala ukuletha i-gorchakov, futhi cishe ayizange ibambe iqhaza ezindabeni, kwathi ngo-1882 wabhekisa eposini likaNgqongqoshe Wezangaphandle uNikolay Girsu.
Ukushona
Le ndoda yaqhuba isihloko sikaChancellor waseRussia kuze kube izinsuku zakamuva. U-Biography wakhe wasuka ngoFebhuwari 27 (Mashi 11) ka-1883, esemdala, imbangela yokufa ayiziwa. Ngokukhumbula isikhulu, imidwebo yakhe, ebhalwe ngabaculi abadumile, nezithombe ezimnyama nezimhlophe zasala.Ukukhumbula
- 1998 - Yasungulwa yisikhwama samazwe omhlaba kaChancellor Gorchakov
- 1998 - UBust A. M. Gorchakov uvulwe engadini ye-Alexandrovsky eSt. Petersburg
- 1998 - Kuvulwe ipulangwe leSikhumbuzo seGorchakovo ngesikhathi sangaphambili lenkonzo yakwamanye amazwe aseRussia eSt. Petersburg
- Ngo-1998 - Isikole siqanjwe nge-gorchakov ePavlovsk, eSt. Petersburg
- 2014 - Isikhumbuzo ku-A. M. Golchakov egcekeni le-MGIMO