I-Biograge
Umlobi waseMelika-umlobi we-American Robert Bloch waziwa kancane kumfundi. Eminye kuphela yencwadi yakhe ethi "Psycho" yayidume kabanzi ngawo-1960s, bese ngiyabonga ukucaciswa kuka-Alfred Hitchcock. Waqala umsebenzi wakhe oneminyaka engama-60 ubudala njengengxenye yeHoward LoveKraft, futhi waqeda umbhali ngaphezu kwamanoveli ayingqayizivele angamakhulu namakhulu ezindaba, iLaureate eminingi yemiklomelo ebhalwe phansi.Ubuntwana nentsha
URobert Albert Bloch wazalwa ngo-Ephreli 5, 1917 eChicago, e-Illinois, e-Union of German amaJuda kaRafael noStella (esincekwini saseLaeb), abantu abangenacala futhi abampofu. Lapho eneminyaka engu-5 ubudala, lo mndeni wathuthela eMaywood, isigodi esingaphansi kweChicago. Lapha umfana wafunda e-Emvelo sogramgrar esikoleni.
Emhlabeni wanamuhla, ilebula elithi "Babyan-Indigo" lalizolengiswa ku-flea: Ulwazi Lwakhe lweminyaka eyi-8 lwanele ukuya ebanga lesine. Njengokukhuthaza ukutadisha, othisha bethule i-flea eMnyangweni we- "Adult" waseMaevuda Library, lapho afunda khona ngencwadi enzima kakhulu futhi ephapheme.
Ukufisa ama-fleas amangalisayo kwaboniswa ebuntwaneni. Waqala, nokho, ngobuciko obungokomfanekiso - upendwe ngamapensela kanye nama-watercolor, kepha izinkinga zombono azizange zivumele ukuthuthukisa ithalente. Ngemuva kwalokho uBloch wagxila e-cinema. Uthande iningi lemidwebo, kodwa ukwethuka ngokuthi "i-Ghost Opera" (1925) kwaba isivivinyo sangempela.
"Lesi sigameko, lapho uLon Cheney ekhipha imaskhi, wengezelele wafa. Ngigijime yonke indlela ekhaya ngiyobona eyokuqala yeminyaka emibili yokuphindaphinda amaphupho amabi, "kusho uRobert Bloch ngalobo busuku edayilini lakhe.By the way, bekuzokwesaba, wabona isithakazelo ezethusayo.
Ngo-1929, umndeni wathuthela eMilwaukee, eWisconsin. ELincoln High School, esinye sezikole ezimbili, lapho uBlokhhu akwazile ukuba afunde khona endaweni entsha, wahlangana nomngane wakho konke impilo yakhe nguHarold Gauer. Kwakufanele abe ngumhleli wephephabhuku lezincwadi i-Quill, lapho uBloch kanye ne-shut yakhe enale "Horror" abizwa ngokuthi le nto. Izinsizwa zaqeda imfundo ngo-1934, ngesikhathi sokudangala okukhulu.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Umfazi wokuqala kaRobert Bloch wayenguMarion Ruth Holomb. Umshado wabo, ngokuya ngemininingwane ethile, inganekwane ukuze umbhali angathathwanga ebuthweni, wenzeka ngo-Okthoba 2, 1940. Isikhathi eside, owesifazane wahlushwa isifo sofuba sethambo, okuyinto eyathonya kanzima ithuba lakhe lokuhamba, kodwa ekugcineni wakwazi ukwelapha. Ngo-1943, abashadikazi bazalwa yindodakazi uSally. Eminyakeni engama-20 ngemuva kwesehlukaniso sabazali, wayefisa ukuhlala noRobert Bloch.NgoJanuwari 18, 1964, umlobi wahlangana no-Eleonora Alexander (eMaliseisian Valisian) - Imodeli yemfashini nomfelokazi. Umshado awuzange ungene esikhundleni somshado, uyidlale ngo-Okthoba 16 wonyaka ofanayo. Impilo yabo yomuntu siqu yayijabule futhi yagcina ize izinsuku zokugcina zika-bloch. Izingane zazingenazo.
Izincwadi
Ngo-1927, i-Robert Bloch eneminyaka engu-10 ubudala yaqala ukuhlangana nomagazini wezinganekwane. Enye ye "Chients" yakhe kwakunguHoward Lovecraft. Ukuqamba kwenganekwane yesayensi ngakho kwathethelela umfundi osemusha ukuthi ambhalele incwadi - ecelwe ukuthumela izindaba eziningi. Inkosi yepeni ayizange iphendule kuphela, kodwa futhi yanikeza izeluleko eziningana ngokubhala. Ubuye waphakamisa ngomusa ukuthi ahlole umsebenzi wensizwa, uma ekhona. Umfana wathumela izindaba, futhi izincwadi zaqala.
Ngo-1934, igama likaRobert Bloch lavela kumakhasi wezinganekwane. Iningi lemisebenzi yakhe yokuqala, ngokungangabazeki, isitayela siyafana no-Howard LoveKraft, le nsizwa ibingayesabi ukufaka phakathi kokulandisa kwakhe "izinganekwane zaseKtulhu." I-Master Horror ibingaphansi komfundi wakhe: UBloch waba ngumuntu okuwukuphela komuntu oye wanikela kuye ngomsebenzi. Sikhuluma ngendaba ka- "Ghost Brashness" (1936). Ukufa kwe-LoveCraft ngo-1937 kwashaqeka kakhulu imbali eneminyaka engama-20 ubudala. Ku-dayari wabhala:
"Umlayezo ophathelene nokufa wawa phansi kimi ukushaya okuchobozayo. Ngokusobala, ukuthi umhlaba ungazinaki lezi zindaba! Kubukeka sengathi abazali kuphela kanye nabangane abaningana bahlanganyela ukushaqeka kwami, umuzwa wokuthi ingxenye yami yafa. "UBloch waqhubeka nokubhala ngezinganekwane ezixakile futhi ngokushesha waba ngomunye wababhali abathandwa kakhulu kumagazini. Wandisa ingqikithi yezindaba zenkolo yeVoodoo, umlingo omnyama, obhekisile ngamademoni, njll.
Iminyaka eminingi, uBloch waphazanyiswa yi-syllable emfushane, yesimanjemanje isitayela sothando sakhe. Izindaba zokuqala zomlobi ziphume ngo-1943, ngokwesibonelo, "umngani wakho uJack Ripper".
UJack-pupper wabizwa ngokuthi ngumbulali we-serial ongaziwa owayegijimela eLondon ngo-1888. UBloch akazange azikhawulele enganekwane eyakhiwe ngale maniac, kepha wafaka namaqiniso avela esimweni sangempela sobugebengu emlandweni. Ngokufanayo, isayensi yezindaba zabantu ku-Iron Mask (i-Iron Mask, ngo-1944), iMarquis de Garda (i-Skull Marquis de Garda, 1945) noLizzy Borden ("Lizzy Borden wathatha imbazo", 1946).
Ngo-1945, imisebenzi kaRobert Bloch yayithandwa kakhulu kangangokuba yathola isikhathi sokuqala emsakazweni. Ngenxa yalokhu isayensi, inganekwane yaqoshwa izethameli eziyimizuzu engu-15 kwezindaba ezinhle kakhulu. Akekho amarekhodi afinyelela osukwini lwanamuhla.
Ekupheleni kweminyaka yama-1940, okokugcina kusuke ku-syllable ejwayelekile emfushane futhi wadala inoveli "isikhafu" (1947) mayelana nomlobi uDaniel Morley, osebenzisa abesifazane bangempela ukuze bagqoke ugqozi. Lapho nje le ndaba iphela, iqhawe liphoqeleka ukuba libulale izicubu zakhe - imiphefumulo inesikhafu.
Ngemuva kweminyaka eyi-10 yamanoveli eBliography, amane asevele amane - kanye "newebhu", "ithuluzi", "nentando yokubulala", konke kwakhishwa ngo-1954. Ukunqoba okuyinhloko bekungede.
Ngo-1959, uRobert Bloch wahlonipha umklomelo weHugo ngendaba engcono kakhulu "isitimela esihogweni" (1958). Ngasikhathi sinye, i-premiere yenoveli ethi "Psycho", eyayimiselwe ukuba yi-BestSeller.
"I-Psycho" ingenye yezibonelo zeProse kaBloch, lapho umlobi engasuselwa khona eqanjiwe, kodwa ngokoqobo ongalinquma igazi kungabi ngaphansi kwezimo ezingaphezu kwemvelo. Indaba iphume kabi kangangokuba iHollywood idluliselwe kumlobi ngesicelo sokuthatha ifilimu.
U-Alfred Hichkok, ovikeke "Psycho" ngo-1960, ngokuthembela ngokungaqondile kwinoveli. Zonke iziphakamiso ezazama ama-fleas ukungena ukungena, zenqatshwa. Ayikwamukelwe i-Hollywood nesimo sokuqhubeka nefilimu ethi "Psycho-2" (1983). Umbhali obekumele abe ngumlingiswa ophambili wale phrojekthi asala ngemuva.
UBloch akazange afonele ibhizinisi lombukiso, akazange afake isicelo enkantolo, kodwa aqala ukwakhiwa kwe-movie. Waqala ngezimo zochungechunge lwethelevishini eliyimfihlakalo, wabe esethuthela ukuze afake amafilimu. Ngakho-ke, emibonweni kaBlok, i-triller "psychopath" (1966), "Ingadi yokuhlukunyezwa" (1967), "House House lapho igazi ligeleza khona" (1970), "Psychorybole" (1972).
Umhlaba we-movie awukaze uthathe i-blokh, wahlala ethembekile ezincwadini, njalo wajabula abalandeli ngezindaba ezikhonkotha. Ngisho nasekulingweni kwempilo, akazange aqinisekise isihlungu sakhe. Umbhali wawubalulekile ukuqeda le ndaba. Ngakho-ke, amanoveli athi "Psycho-2" (1982) kanye "nendlu ye-Psychopath" (1990) kwavela. Lesi sakamuva asiqediwe kuphela i-trilogy, kodwa futhi nochungechunge lwemisebenzi ye- "Big" ye-Flea, futhi ngasikhathi sinye nomsebenzi wakhe ogqamile wokubhala.
Ukushona
I-Biography kaRobert Bloch yaphela ngoSepthemba 23, 1994. Umbhali wahlangana nosuku lokuzalwa kwakhe lwe-77. Ngaleso sikhathi, walwa ne-Oncology iminyaka eminingi, okwakuyimbangela yokufa.Isidumbu sikaRobert Bloch sashiswa, futhi uthuli lwangcwatshwa emathuneni amathuna eLos Angeles, eCalifornia, ngaphansi kwesitofu, njengencwadi. Ukwahlulela ngezithombe, ngathola indawo yokugcina kanye no-Eleanor Alexander. Ushone ngoMashi 7, 2007, wasinda oshade naye iminyaka engu-13.
I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1936 - "Amathuna Asethusayo"
- 1943 - "Umngani wakho uJack Ripper"
- 1947 - "Isikhafu"
- 1951 - "Indlu Elambile"
- 1956 - "Ubusuku obusebusuku"
- 1958 - "Qeqesha Esihogweni"
- 1959 - "Psycho"
- 1962 - "Umbhede"
- Ngo-1967 - "Abatshalayo Abafileyo"
- 1972 - "UMbuso Wobusuku"
- 1974 - "I-American Gothic"
- 1982 - "Psycho-2"
- 1990 - "Indlu ye-Psychopath"