I-Biograge
UVespasian Roma wasendulo wabheka umbusi ohlakaniphe, onesibindi nolungile. Ulwazi lwakhe ebhizinisini lezempi lwasiza ekunqobeni iJudiya, Ukudelela Ukunethezeka - Ukucebisa Isifunda, kanye nomjaho oshisayo ukuze uthole indawo yazo zonke izingqimba zeNhlangano. Wabuyisela umgcinimafa weRoma nganoma iyiphi, ngisho nezindlela ezingekho emthethweni. Ngenxa yalokhu, inkulumo ethi "Imali ayinawo iphunga" yazalwa.Ubuntwana nentsha
UTit Flavius Vespasian wazalwa ngoNovemba 17, 9 eFalakrine (manje manje Chittareal). Okhokho bakhe kwenzeka kusuka enohlobo lokudla kwakusihlwa, kodwa umbusi wesikhathi esizayo, ngenxa yomshado ophumelelayo wabazali, wayefanelwe isimo se-senatorial.
Ubaba uTit Thiv Flavius Sabin wasebenza ngenduna elula, kepha umama weszawing Poll wakwazi ukuziqhayisa ngokuthi "ukuzala": Uyindodakazi yomuntu osezingeni eliphakeme, i-Tribune Yezempi.
Ngaphezu kukaVespasian, umfowabo omdala wakhuliswa emndenini, i-chip ephelele kababa uFlavius Sabin.
Kuze kube yiningi le-vespasian futhi alizange licabange ukuphendukela emsebenzini wenqubomgomo noma yezempi. Ngemuva kokupela imiyalo kamama kuphela, wagqoka ezitolo ezilungile, ezihlukile zezakhamizi ezinhle, futhi waqala ukwenza indlela yaKhe esiqongweni soMbuso WaseRoma. Indlela bekungacaci.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
UVespasian wahlanganiswa nomshado nowokuphela konkosikazi kaFlavia Domicillo ngawo-1930s. Kwakhuliswa izingane ezintathu emndenini.UTitis Flavius Vespasian, odumile emlandweni njenge-tit, kuthiwa wazalwa ngoDisemba 30, 39 iminyaka. Yena, kanye noCaligula, wahlukaniswa umlingiswa ohluphayo futhi wayevame ukuzama ukumxosha uYise esinqumweni esifanele. Umbusi Rome wayenguJuni 24, 79.
Indodana yesibili kaTetis Flavius Domitsian, noma isizinda nje, yazalwa ngo-Okthoba 24, iminyaka engama-51. Wayeyize, wakhuthaza i-Imperial Cult, wazibiza ngokuthi "Mnu. NoNkulunkulu." Iminyaka yokubusa kwayo, kusukela kwabangu-81 kuya kwabangu-96, kwabeka ukuphela kwe-flavievs Dynasty.
Ukuphela kwendodakazi kaVespasia Flavia Domicilla - omncane wazalwa iminyaka engaba ngu-45. Kuyaziwa ngempilo yakhe yangasese ayengasinda ngaphambi kokukhuphuka kukayise wesihlalo sobukhosi, yafa ngo-66.
Indikimba Ebusayo
Ngaphambi kokuba abe uMbusi WaseRoma, uVespasian wazama amashumi okuphatha ezokuphatha nezempi - I-Tribune yezempi, i-Querer, e-Edil, Pitor. Ukugibela le nsizwa kuyinkimbinkimbi inkathi: Umbuso wawusezandleni zikaTirana-Madness waseCaligula.
Ngo-41-42, uVespasian waqokwa umphathi-in-induna yeLegion II "Agasti". Lapho eposini, wakwazi ukumfaka ezizweni ezinamandla kakhulu futhi, bathi, badlale indima enkulu ekunqotshweni kweBrithani. Ezweni lakubo emkhankasweni kaVespasian wabingelelwa ngokunqoba.
Ngo-54, uNeron wakhwela esihlalweni sobukhosi samaRoma. UVespasian kwadingeka ashiye phansi, ngoba wayengekho ukuhlonipha umbusi. Futhi akumangazi: Neron, uzicabangela imbongi nomculi onekhono, wayevame ukunikeza amakhonsathi ngenxa yabathwali, lapho uVespasian ayenephupho ngokuqinile.
Kodwa-ke, lapho iRoma yamcindezela ukuba abavukeli eJudiya, uNeron wamisa umphathi we-vespasian. Ngaphansi kobuholi bakhe kwakukhona amabutho ayizinkulungwane ezingama-60. Ngokuhleleka kwalamadoda, bamnene labo ababengenakumelana nabamelana naye bazinikele esihe kweRoma, futhi igazi libhubhise ukucekelwa phansi.
Lapho uVespasian nebutho elungiselela ukuqeda idolobha lokugcina elivunduni futhi aqede impi yamaJuda, kwafika izindaba ngokufa kukaNero. Kakade-ke eRoma baye badiliza ubunzima nempi yombango, eyabulawa yinqwaba yababusi "bosuku olulodwa".
NgoDisemba 20, 69, uVespasian weza emandleni. IRoma yasungula umbuso obizwa ngokuthi yiFlavian Regime ebusayo nge-96th.
Ngokusho kwezazi-mlando, ukuqokwa kukaVespasian kwazihlukanisa nesimemezelo esingakaze sibe khona kweSenethi, ngakho-ke intando yombusi yalingana nentando yeSenate kanye nabantu baseRoma. Izenzo zomthetho eziphambene nalesi simiso zakhanselwa.
Igama elithi vespasian lalinesisindo kubamele cishe wonke amakilasi. Yibandla nama-aristorati kuphela ayengombusi ngezinsolo. Isizathu salokhu imvelaphi evulelekile.
Umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu weVespasian kwakuwukubuyiselwa kwenhlala-kahle yezezimali yeRoma, ngoba ku-Nerone Lesi simo saba yingozi, futhi ngesikhathi sempi yombango futhi nhlobo inhlekelele. Isenethi ehlelile ukuphoqa izandla kuMgcinimafa, kepha uVespasian waphendula ngokunqatshwa kwesigaba.
Ukukhuluma ngisho nasezindleleni ezingekho emthethweni, uVespasian wandisa isimo unyaka nonyaka. Basho umbusi kanye nezihlobo zakhe badayisa okuthunyelwe, amalungelo nenkululeko yeziboshwa, ukuze nje bacebe.
Ukufinyelela ngokulinganayo izindlela ezingenangqondo zokugcwaliswa komgcinimafa kukhuphuke inkulumo eyaziwayo namuhla "imali ayiphunga". Iqiniso ngukuthi esifisweni sakhe sokuthola intela ebekiwe yaseVespasian ezindlini zangasese zomphakathi. Cishe kumbusi, ikakhulukazi indodana yakhe endala iTit, wayigxeka leyo ndlela. Ngolunye usuku, uVespasian wathatha uhlamvu lwemali, waxosha ekhaleni likaThithu wabuza ukuthi uyanuka yini. Waphendula kabi. "Kepha le yimali evela kumchamo," kutshelwa uVespasian.
Umbusi ubonakala njengowokuhle, kepha hhayi umuntu omncane. Yebo, wasika izindleko zebutho negceke lakhe, kepha izisulu zezisulu zokwakha emililweni engama-64 no-69 zabuyiselwa - izakhiwo namathempeli. Ngama-vespasian, izinto ezintsha sebeqalile ukwakha, okuseyimpahla yase-Italy. Le yi-colosseum (yi-Amphitheatre yeFlavaviEll) nethempeli lomhlaba.
Ukushona
UVespasian wahlukaniswa ngempilo eqinile, kodwa ngo-79 wamunwa ngokuhlaselwa umkhuhlane, okwathi maduze futhi wakhonza njengokufa. Naphezu kokugula, waqhubeka nokuqhuba amabhizinisi, ama-oda asayiniwe futhi athatha amanxusa.
I-biography yombusi yaqala ngoJuni 24, 79. Wayefuna ukufa emi. Lapho bezama ukuqondisa ezandleni zalabo uVespasian wamenza wabulawa ekugcineni.
Ngesinye isikhathi, ukuzizwa ukuphela okusheshayo, uVespasian ujabule:
"Maye, kubonakala sengathi, ngiba nguNkulunkulu."Lawa magama atholwa ngokoqobo: AmaRoma akhombisa umbusi owuthandayo futhi amisa ithempeli legama lakhe kulesi sithangami. Kuze kube izinsuku zethu, ezinye izingcezu ezithile kuphela ezigcinwe, lapho, noma kunjalo, isilinganiso sesakhiwo siqagelwa khona.
Umlando wokuphila kukaVespasian wagcinwa emisebenzini eminingana yobuciko. UJulio Romano noLawrence Alma Tadema bavezwa ku-canvases triumpm flavevied, kanye neLyon Feichtvanger noRobert Fabbri banikezelwe kumbusi wale ncwadi - umjikelezo "uJoseph Flavius" (193-2019) kanye "2011-2019) kanye" 2011-2019) kanye "2011-2019 ), ngokulandelana. Uchungechunge lokugcina lucishe lube nama-ligaments okufana, ikakhulukazi "Palach Rome" (2015).