Maurice melelink - isithombe, i-biography, impilo yomuntu siqu, imbangela yokufa, izincwadi

I-Biograge

UMaurice Meterlink wayengumbhali weBelgian wezingcezu, ama-Essays efilosofi nama-Memoir, athola umklomelo kaNobel ezincwadini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, indoda enethalente yanikezwa umyalo weLegion ehlonishwayo njengophawu lokuhlonipha umsebenzi owenziwayo nomsebenzi wokubhala.

Ubuntwana nentsha

Umfana, igama eligcwele lalizwakala njengoMaurice Polydor Marie Bernard, lazalwa emkhayeni ocebile we-mellink ngo-1862. Indlu yomndeni maphakathi ne-ghent yabusa isimo seholide laphakade, ngoba abantu abahlala khona abajwayele ukuswela nokusebenza.

Umama Matilda, uFranção College, kwakuyindlalifa yombuso oqinile, futhi uBulty Paulty wasebenza njengommeli enkantolo esenkantolo yaseBelgian. Esikhathini sakhe samahhala, le ndoda yayithanda ukulima nezolimo, ngakho-ke izimbali nezihlahlana zakhula emndenini.

Lapho esethole imfundo yamabanga aphansi, uMaurice wangena esikoleni samaJesuit, lapho avimba khona izincwadi zamaRomanics ezibhalwe ngesiFulentshi. Izingane zaphoqeleka ukuba zifundise izingcaphuno ezivela eBhayibhelini nezinkondlo ngezinzuzo zasezulwini, ziqinisa ulwazi ngosizo lwezijeziso nokuphawula kudayari.

Ngenxa yalokhu, ebuntwaneni, iMeterllink yafulathela othisha kanye neSonto LamaKatolika kunokuba bacasuke kakhulu ubaba nobaba obukhulu. Waqamba amanoveli ezwe kanye nemisebenzi emifushane yenkondlo, okuthi ngezeluleko ezifunda nabo ofunda nabo bake banquma ukubhala phansi.

Kancane kancane, kwaba umkhuba, futhi osemusha wafakwa ubuhlakani, ephazamiseka esimweni esijulile sezengqondo nezihloko zemfundo ezingenandaba nokufa. Kepha kwathi lapho isikhathi sesizothatha izivivinyo, uMaurice wazithathela ngesandla wathola idipriploma yemfundo, ngaphandle kokuthola izinkinga.

Ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-1880, uyise waveza indodana eNyuvesi yaseGhent, futhi uJunior uzofunda umlando nomthetho. Ekupheleni kwesikhungo esihlonishwayo, uMillink akazange abe ngummeli ochwepheshe, waya eParis ukujwayelana namazwi nangomfundvo.

Impilo yomuntu siqu

Ukwahlulela ngezithombe ezigciniwe, uMillink kwakuyinsizwa ekhangayo, kepha naphezu kwalokhu, ekwelasheni yokuqala akukwazi ukusungula impilo yomuntu siqu. Eminyakeni engu-33 kuphela, wanikeza inhliziyo yomlingisi omncane, owabona ukunamathela futhi wamoyizela yindoda ngenxa ye-ulis.

Ngo-1895, uMaurice wabuthana nomoya futhi wamisa usuku lokuqala nguBeauty Georgette Leblan. Intombazane eguqukayo yathanda ukupenda nomculo, futhi umlobi waseBelgium waqonda ngokushesha ukuthi wangena ogibeni lothando.

Umabi wesebi wesendlalelo enkundleni yaseshashalazini yasemqoka wawusukulungele ukushada ngokusemthethweni, kodwa oshade naye nesonto lamaKatolika akazange avumele imvume yesehlukaniso. Bekumele ngiphile emshadweni womphakathi, ekuqaleni umphakathi okhuthele, bese uMadame Meterlink wakwazi ukwehlisa abantu abakhuluma.

Umlingisi waba ngumnyuziyamu waseMoris, umhleli wakhe nomngane wakhe weqiniso, wasiza ekuxoxisaneni ngezindlu zokushicilela mayelana nokushicilelwa nokuthengisa ukudlala. Kepha izihloko zefilosofi zazingathandwa ngesikhathi se-heyday yezothando, kanye nokungabikho kwanoma yiziphi izinkokhelo ezidale ukucindezelwa komndeni.

Shumeka kusuka ezithombeni ezifuywayo

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uGeorgette ukhathele imikhawulo yezezimali futhi, eqala ukukhokhela izindleko, aphoqelele umlingani ukuthi ahlukanise isabelomali. Owesifazane wathola izesekeli nezinto ezibizayo, futhi le ndoda esephaketheni lakhe yayivame ukuba nezinhlamvu zemali ezimbalwa ezimbalwa.

Ngenxa yalokhu, ngonyaka we-1910 wombhali futhi umlingisi wawehla, ngenhlanhla, ngalesi sikhathi esincane saseMncane uRena Daya wavela empilweni yeMeterlink. Le ntombazane idlale lapho kudlala khona umsebenzi weBelgia, futhi, ebona ukunakwa kwayo, yayithambile kakhulu.

Ubudlelwano obunye bukhule ngokushesha, futhi ngokushesha umlobi washada nentombazane enomlingiswa omuhle futhi wayisekela umyeni wakhe kukho konke. Lapho uMaurice ephoqelelwa ekuqaleni kweMpi Yezwe II ukuhamba eYurophu, uRené ngaphandle kokuzisola okuncane wahlukana nokwenza umsebenzi wobuciko.

Iminyaka eminingi, ekujuleni komphefumlo, umbhangqwana uphupha ngezingane, kodwa ekugcineni babenendodana efile ngaphambi kwangaphambili. Owesifazane ophikelela ngokuqhubekayo, futhi indoda eneminyaka engu-73 yayingeke iphume ekujuleni okuwubuhlungu kuze kube sekupheleni kwempilo yakhe.

Izincwadi

Ngo-1888, iMeterllink yashicilela incwadi ka "Orangeneie", lapho izinkondlo ziqoqwe khona, zibhalwa phakathi neminyaka yabafundi. Bese kuba khona ukudlala "Inkosazana Malen", okuthunyelwe yi-Octave Mirabo ukuze kubukezwe, futhi ngokushesha kuncoma i-Playwwright futhi egxekwa kwahlinzeka ngempendulo enhle yokuthambisa.

Ngo-1890, uMaurice waqamba inqwaba yemisebenzi, ebonga ngesitayela esiyingqayizivele ekhazimulisa emibuthanweni eyemibhalo. "Impumputhe" no "pellas noMelmonsinda", uphawu oluhlatshwe umoya wakudala, lwatshelwa ukuthi abantu abangenandaba babhapathizwa kanjani ngaphandle kothando.

Imibono efanayo, iBelgian ivezwe ngamaqoqo amaningi wobuntatheli, okuthandwa kakhulu kwalo kwaba "ngomqondo wezimbali" kanye "nempilo yezinyosi". Izindikimba zefilosofi ezihlangene nezithombe ezinhle zihambisana ne-rhetoric yakudala ethintekile futhi zilimaze wonke umuntu oze azifunde ngaleso sikhathi.

Abagxeki bakhumbula kahle ama-surneryling, bathi umbhali waqokwa ngumongo wokuthula, ngoba izincwadi zakhe zakhiwa phezu kokudumisa kanye neminye imishwana. Umfanekiso oyisilinganiselo wothando nokufa, kanye nezinhlamvu zabalingiswa zenza into yokuqala futhi ebalulekile noma iyiphi indaba ephrintiwe.

I-vertex yobuqambi bokubhala beBelgian kwakuyingxenye "yenyoni eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka", ebhaliwe futhi yanikezwa futhi yanikezwa enkundleni yemidlalo ngo-1908. Umdlandla wakhombisa ukuthi injabulo inomuntu oseduze, kepha abaningi abayiboni.

Umbono ofanayo uvele emsebenzini we- "Engagement", owadalwa ngaphansi kwethonya lomfazi wecala laseLeben. Owesifazane ubuye wabeka igama elithi "Mariya Magdalena" kanye ne- "Maria Victoria", efuna umbhali waze wabhala lo mlobi ngokwesisekelo sawo.

I-Meillink, ebekhetha amafomu amancane, ayizange ishintshele endabeni enkulu futhi, yize, ithole umklomelo kaNobel ngo-1911. Enkulumweni enesizotha, ukuguquguquka okuhlukahlukene kwe-PlayWright nefilosofi kwaphawulwa, kanye nomcabango wakhe wezinkondlo nothando lomsebenzi wokubhala.

Ukuqashelwa kukaMaurice ukuhambisa endleleni ekhethiwe, futhi waphinda wasebenzisa i-bibliography eduze kwemidlalo emisha. Eminyakeni yoMzabalazo ohlomile namaFascist, iBelgian ingena emoyeni wesikhathi, futhi umzekeliso wezempi "uStilmond" wabangela inzalo ekhethekile.

Ekugugeni, i-metierlink yasuka eDrama, yenza izinkondlo nezincwadi zobuntatheli, yaphinde yadala ama-Memoirs "izinkumbulo ezijabulisayo" (noma "ama-bubble aluhlaza"). Ubekhuluma ngomsebenzi wakhe kanye nokubukwa kwayo emhlabeni, abeka abafundi nabagxeki endaweni yejaji elingakhethi.

Ukushona

Ekupheleni kokuphila kwakhe, iMeterlink yakha indawo yokuhlala e-chic, kodwa ayikwazanga ukujabulela induduzo ngenxa yeMpi Yezwe II. Umnikazi woMklomelo kaNobel wabaleka esuka kumaFascist aya e-United States futhi wayekhona kuze kube ngu-1947 emphakathini wabangane nomkakhe.

Lapho icala lethulwa ukubuyela eFrance, uMaurice akazange acabange umzuzu, ngoba wayefuna ukuthuthukisa impilo ezweni elinomoya wokungenisa umoya. Kepha, ukuba sekhaya lakhe, wazizwa ekhipha futhi wayeka izinkondlo, edlala nezindatshana zefilosofi.

Ngentwasahlobo yango-1949, impilo yombhali yagcina yawohloka, futhi wayengeke esakwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kosizo lomkayo kanye nodokotela abangochwepheshe. Ukufa ngenxa yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo ekuseni kakhulu ekuseni ngoMeyi 6 abangane abashaqekile, izihlobo kanye namakhulu abantu be-ephortty.

I-Bibliography

• 1889 - "Amawolintshi"
• Ngo-1896 - "Izingoma eziyishumi nambili"
• 1890 - "Impumputhe"
• Ngo-1894 - "Lapho ngaphakathi"
• 1901 - "Izinyosi Zokuphila"
• Ngo-1903 - "Isimangaliso saseSt. Anthony"
• 1907 - "Ingqondo Yezimbali"
• 1908 - "I-Blue bird"
• 1913 - "Ukufa"
• 1916 - "Impi Encane"
• Ngo-1919 - Burgomaster Stilmond
• 1926 - "Impilo Yezindawo"
• Ngo-1929 - "Juda Iskariyothe"
• 1936 - "Umthunzi wamaphiko"
• Ngo-1942 - "EM LOBO WAKHE WONTO, NOMA ISAMUNI"
• Ngo-1948 - "Bubble Blue Bubble" ("Izinkumbulo Ezijabulisayo")