I-Biograge
USergey Gourzo waziwa kakhulu ngabamele izizukulwane ezindala ezindimeni ezinamafilimu amnyama namhlophe athathwe ngemuva kwempi enkulu yokuthanda izwe. Kanye nabalingisi beNonuya Moordyukovka, uGeorge Yumatov noVyacheslav Tikhhonov, waba yisithombe sezinkulungwane zezakhamizi zamazwe amakhulu aseSoviet.Ubuntwana nentsha
USergey Safenovich Gurzo wazalwa ngoSepthemba 23, 1926 efulethini elinabantu abaningi eligcwele enkabeni yeMoscow. Ukuqala kwempilo yomlingisi wesikhathi esizayo kwadlula emkhathini wezinzalamizi, ngoba umkhulu wayengumphikisi futhi oxhumana naye wasendulo.
Ubaba uthole imfundo yezokwelapha futhi wasebenza esibhedlela engosizini ye-neuropathologist, futhi waba odumile phakathi kwabafundi benhloko-dolobha njengoMfundisi oqinile wesayensi eqondile. Umama wayeyisikhulu esihlonishwayo sesikole esidumile sikaGnesinsky, futhi ngenxa yalokhu, umndeni wawuyingxenye yombuthano we-metropolitan ohlakaniphile.
Umalume womdabu wezindinganiso zangesikhathi esedlule wabhekwa njengomdwebi odumile owadlala emikhiqizweni yezemidlalo yaseshashalazini futhi wahlungwa kuma-movie. Ngezimpelasonto, wethula izihlobo namafilimu asanda kudalwa kobuciko, ngoba ngesikhathi sangaphambi kwempi kwasungulwa kakhulu.
UGurzo wakhulela enkampanini yezihlobo, ezazithanda imidlalo, imidlalo enomsindo, ngaphandle nangaphakathi nezingane ezijwayelekile zaseSoviet. Eminyakeni yesikole, intsha ekhuthele yazi ukuthi ihlanganisa kanjani ukuphumula ngesikole futhi yayivame ukufanelana nezincomo zabazali, othisha nabangane.
Ngo-1941, lapho amaFascist ahlasela i-USSR, uSergey, owazizwa izindaba ezimbi, wanquma ukuya empini. Kepha ngenxa yokuntuleka kwekhadi lomazisi, hhayi ukubeka esikoleni seminyaka engu-15, waphoqeleka ukuba ahlale ekhaya asebenze ngemuva ephephile.
Ukuphawula usuku lokuzalwa lwe-17, uGourzo waya evolontiya lokuqala futhi, washaya insimu yasePoland, walimala kabi empini. Udlule inkambo yokuvuselela izibhedlela eziningi ezikhethekile kanye no-1944 wafuna ukuba sezinhlangeni futhi.
Kodwa-ke, i-Medical Board yanquma ukuthumela insizwa enhloko-dolobha, lapho ngemuva kokunqoba kwaxhumana neqembu labantu abanobuhlakani obuthuthukile. Njengoba sesithole uMkhandlu ukuba abe ngumfundi we-All-Russical State Institute of Cinematography, uSergey, enjabulweni yezihlobo ezisindayo, wangena ezweni lezinkanuko zaseshashalazini.
Inkanyezi yesikhathi esizayo yamafilimu aseSoviet ibinenhlanhla nothisha, futhi kwakufanele ibambe isipiliyoni samakhosi amadumo. Phakathi kwazo kwakunguBoris Vladimorovich Bibikov no-Olga Ivanovna Pyzov, abadumile abathandi be-cinema 1930-1940s.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ebusheni bakhe, uSergey Gourzo wayeyindoda ekhangayo, futhi abafundi abaningi be-cinematography Institute baqala ukuhlanya. Lo mfo wahlangana nabalingani abafunda nabo ekilasini elihle kwaze kwaqhamuka eNimonov eNadezhda empilweni yakhe - umfazi wokuqala osemthethweni.
Ngemuva komshado onesizotha, lo mbhangqwana uzinzile efulethini lomphakathi labazali bomlingisi. Emshadweni omfishane, kepha ojabulisayo unezingane ezimbili. Amawele kaNatasha noSeryozha baba nokuziqhenya kukayise nonina futhi babazisa kamuva izinsuku eziningi zenjabulo.
Ukuphila okungenamafu kwaphela, ngemuva kokuba umlingisi ethandwa, wamenyelwa ezihlotsheni futhi eselapha iwayini eliqinisiwe. UGourzo umlutha we-Alcohol, inhlala-kahle emndenini futhi wavumela usizi ukuba lingene endlini.
Ngemuva kokuxoshwa enkundleni yemidlalo yaseshashalazini, uNadezhda, ukunakekela indodana yakhe nendodakazi yakhe, ngaphandle kwezigcawu ezingadingekile kanye namahlazo amakhulu afake isicelo sesehlukaniso. USergey isikhashana uhlala wedwa, ngaphandle komndeni nomsebenzi, kepha ekugcineni ngabhekana nalesi simo futhi ngasinda ngochungechunge lobunzima.
Ngokushesha emkhakheni wokubuka, le ndoda yabonakala umdwebi u-Irina Guanova, kwabe sekuzalwa u-Anya, wangaphandle kufana noYise. Ngeshwa, ubudlelwano bungcwatshwe ngokushesha ngenxa yezengezo ezilimazayo zikaSergey, futhi kwakuyisinyathelo sokuqala ngasekuqaleni kokuphela kobuhlungu.
Indoda ayinendaba nezingane ezindala ngenxa yenoveli enomjikelezo uGitana Leontenko futhi ayibonanga ukuthi amawele afakwe ngokuphephile yi-VGIK. Ukushada nowesifazane kushiye okungaziwa, nokuzalwa kwezinye izingane ezimbili abacwaningi be-biography ka-Actor echazwe njengomzuzu wokugcina ojabulisayo.
Amafilimu
Eminyakeni yabafundi, uGurzo ubekelwe inkanyezi efilimu lobuciko "abagada abancane" lapho ethola indima yamakhulu ezinkulungwane zabantu ngendima kaSergey Tyulenina. Lapho ubhekene nozakwethu kanye nababhali abapelayo benna moordyukov, vyacheslav Tikhhonov, Vlachimir Rapoport noSergey Gerasimov umlingisi wesikhathi esizayo athola abangane.
Iningi lababambe iqhaza ekuthwebuleni inoveli edumile ngu-Alexander Fadeev ukuthola umklomelo we-Stalin ngo-1949. Imibhalo kanye nabaqondisi bagubha ithalente labathweswe iziqu zeVGIK futhi baqala ukumema inkanyezi yefilimu kumaphrojekthi.
Kuma-50s, amateyipu "ukufeza impilo" futhi "abantu abanesibindi" bafika ezikrinini, khona-ke izilaleli zibheka "intsha ephazamisayo" futhi "ngizofaka ezintabeni." UGourzo uthole ngokushesha ukuthandwa ngenxa yekhono lokuphindukuzalwa, negama lakhe lalizwakala njalo emibuthanweni ehlakaniphile yenhlokodolobha.
Ngeshwa, kwaba nomthelela olimazayo esitombeni esithe xaxa seSergey, ngoba wangenela emkhathini weholide waqala ukuphuza utshwala. Waqala ukunganaki ukuzikhohlisa ngenxa yamaqembu ajwayelekile futhi akazange aqonde ngaleso sikhathi alahlekelwa yisikhathi esizayo.
Amanye ama-cinematographOgraphs omndeni avale amehlo awo emikhubeni emibi, futhi umlingisi ubeke inkanyezi kumafilimu afana ne- "Bronce Breaker" kanye "ne-" Horizon ". Futhi-ke kwakukhona itheyipu "impilo emibili" noNikolai Rybnikov noVyacheslav Tikhhonov, abanciphise amasosha akhazimulisa ngaphambili.
Umsebenzi wokugcina womlingisi ngo-Eva weshumi leminyaka yokuqothula waba amafilimu amafushane wobuciko "Ball Okokuqala" kanye "ne-proplomat". Ngenxa yezinkinga zempilo ezibangelwa utshwala, uGourzo wayengeke asebenze ngokugcwele, futhi konke ukuvela kohlaka oludingekayo.
Ukushona
Ngemuva kwenduna yefilimu mayelana nabadlali bebhola badutshulwa nguNicholas Rosantv, uGourzo wabamba iqhaza ephathini futhi wazithola esibhedlela. Ngenxa yobuthi bakotshwala, indoda yaqala ukuzwa izinkinga zenhliziyo ezinsukwini zokuqala ngemuva kokusabalalisa abantu esibhedlela.Ngo-45, uSergey wayenethemba lokuhlengwa kwezono zangesikhathi esedlule esemdala, kepha ukuphela okukuyo okuhlukile. Ukufa ngenxa yokwehluleka kwenhliziyo ngoSepthemba 1974 kwaba izindaba ezazishaya uzakwethu zivela enhlokodolobha namanye amadolobha.
Naphezu kokuntuleka kolwazi olusemthethweni ekufeni kwenganekwane ye-cinema yomhlaba, abalandeli babalingisi bezizwe ezahlukahlukene bafika emngcwabeni eLeningrad. Ihlombe phezu kwethuna lamathuna aseningizimu laba ukuqashelwa kokuthandwa komnikazi wemiklomelo yombuso.
Izics
- Ngo-1948 - "Gunyaza"
- Ngo-1950 - "kude neMoscow"
- Ngo-1950 - "Bantu Bold"
- 1952 - "Ukubheka Ukuphila"
- 1953 - "Jobe ezintabeni"
- 1953 - "Intsha Ekhathazekile"
- 1956 - "Intwasahlobo engaphenduki"
- 1957 - "Isiphepho Esizelwe"
- 1959 - "Konke kuqala ngomgwaqo"
- 1961 - "Horizon"
- Ngo-1961 - "Impilo Emibili"
- 1961 - "I-Prisoman"
- Ngo-1962 - "Ibhola Lokuqala"