I-Biograge
I-Russian Voivode Mikhail Vorotynsky, inzalo kahlobo lwasemuva lwasendulo, yaduma njengomuntu owayengumqaphi nomngcele. Wabamba iqhaza empini yabantu abasha, lapho abamele ubuzwe baseRussia kanye nebutho lamasosha ase-Crimean kanye neTurkey behlangana ehlobo lika-1572.Ubuntwana nentsha
I-pedigree Mikhail Ivanovich Vorotnsky yasuka izikhulu ezinkulu zikaCherniGov, ngemuva kokuxubana nama-Lithoania, yathola okuningi. Kwesobunxele emphakathini wase-Orthodox Russian, ukhokho wekusasa lombusi waba ngumsunguli wedolobha lonke, elaliqhakaza futhi licebile.
Iqhawe lomlando wasekhaya lazalwa emndenini weMoscow Wayarin, ngokwezibalo zabacwaningi abagunyaziwe, esifundeni sabangu-1510s. Ubaba ogama lakhe lingu-Ivan Mikhailovich wazihlukanisa nasenkonzweni yezempi futhi ekugcineni wathola udumo kanye nabangane nezitha ezinamandla.
Inkosi yaseRussia vasily III yazibuza okokuqala kwabadala obukhulu, kodwa yabe isithumela kubhekiselwa kubhekiswe emadodaneni alinganiselwa namathathu. Umndeni ulahlekelwe yimpahla yomndeni ngaphakathi kwemingcele ye-Verkhovsky Perrishistrity Pritriction
Ngenxa yalokho, asebekhulile u-Ivan Mikhailovich wafa ezungezwe izihlobo, noMikhiil nabafowethu ababili ngesihe soMbusi babuyela eMoscow. Lapho, waba nethuba lokuba yilungu lomkhankaso wabaseSweden, lapho inzalo yomndeni wakudala ifundwe amakhono empi.
Ebusheni bakhe, ukuhlala esimweni esingamashumi ezinkulungwane, uMikhail washaya ngebutho laseCrimean futhi wenza izibopho zombusi edolobheni elibizwa ngokuthi yiBelev. Bese kuba nesikhundla esibalulekile eKaluga nasempini ye-Odoeva, lapho iCrimean Khan yaheha khona abesifazane abaningi, izingane ezincane nabantu abadala.
Lo mcimbi waba nomthelela olwengeziwe biography kaVorotnsky futhi waphoqelela umphathi we-MALEDER WOKUTHOLA abantu. Ukulwa neVasilsursk, uMikhail wacabanga ngekusasa futhi wahlonishwa ngokuhle kakhulu ukujoyina abantu baseRussia.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ngokusho kobufakazi, okuhlobene ngqo nempilo yomuntu kaMikhail Vorotnsky, umholi ungenile emshadweni onokomthetho okhethiwe esontweni elingcwelisiwe. Ubudlelwano nomlingani wokuqala, okuthi, mhlawumbe, kwakuyigama leKsenia, namanje libonisa imfihlo yabacwaningi.Unkosikazi wesibili waba ngobuhle bukaStepanida Ivanovna Kubnskaya, okuthi, ngokwelungelo lokuzalwa, kwakuyinkosana ecebile. Ngemuva kokuvela kwezindlalifa, amadodana namadodakazi amabili, uMikhail wayefuna ukushiya inkonzo ukuyohlala emndenini wakhe.
Ukufa kowesifazane oweza emphefumulweni ngasekupheleni kuka-1570 waphoqelela uhambo lwasebukhosini ukuze athole umfazi wesithathu. U-Elena Fedorovna Tatev, umzukulu ka-Ivan Fedorovich Ryapolovsky, abaphenyi baseRussia bachazwa njengentombazane enesiphetho esidabukisayo.
Isimo esinjalo savela ngenxa yokufa kusenesikhathi ngokuzumayo, okuyinto uMikhail Vorotynsky ayende futhi ekhathazekile. Ukuntuleka kwemfudumalo nokusekelwa ekugcineni kwempilo enzima ecebile eyakhiwe emphefumulweni weVoivod angenalutho.
Umbutho wezempi
IVorotynsky yaduma njenge-Commander ngesikhathi sokubusa kuka-Ivan Grozny, ibambe iqhaza ekuthatheni iKazan ekuqaleni kwawo-1550s. Ngenxa yekhono elinamasu wenkosana, amaRussia anqobayo, nezindaba ezizofinyelela kuyo amadolobhana namadolobha.
Umbusi wangaphambilini weVasilsursk ngesikhathi sokuvinjezelwa kwenhloko-dolobha yaseKhansky wayala i-artillery etholwa abantu abaningana. Abalwa abaqinisile egqumeni eliseduze maphakathi nenqaba enkulu, baba negalelo eqinisweni lokuthi izwe langena lingene eminyakeni emangalisayo.
Ukubuyela eMoscow ngesimo seqhawe, iVorotynsky yathola iziqu ezihlonishwayo nakulolo mbuso empini wangena edumini eliseduze nenkosi. Eminyakeni eyalandela, isikhulu sasisemazweni ase-Ukraine futhi, ngokusho komthombo obhaliwe, awuzange uchithe ngeze noma nini ihora.
Ekuqaleni kwawo-1560s, uMikhail wagada imingcele yombuso, kepha akakwazanga ukubhekana nebutho laseCrimean futhi waziletha kuye opal. Njengoba elahlekelwe yimpahla yomndeni wakhe, iqhawe lemikhankaso yegazi laseKazan kanye nomndeni wakhe kanye nezihlobo eziseduzane nazo baboshwa futhi bagqunywa ejele.
Esikhathini esandulele ukuphathwa kwe-Okrichnina, u-Ivan abathethelelwe eVorotnsky ebabazekayo, kanti amasosha aseRussia aseRussia athatha izindaba zombuso. Ubuye waphatha i-boyarskaya Duma ngaphambi kokuhlanganiswa kweCathedral yeZemstvo, ngokusho kweminye imibiko, yayidume ngenxusa elidumile.
Enqubweni yemisebenzi yezepolitiki neyezenhlalo, i-votinsky yalungiselela amadokhumenti amaningi, phakathi kokubaluleke kakhulu kwakuwumngcele wokuqala. Esimweni esidumile esidumile esithi "SOYARSKY STENDICT mayelana ne-Static and Hereting Service", umbhali wahlukaniswa izahluko eziyishumi nambili.
Ngeshwa, ukutadisha kwale ncwadi akuzange kumsindise eMoscow kusuka ekuhlaseleni, futhi amabutho e-Khan-Gery ahlasela insimu yawo. Ngemuva kwamashumi eminyaka, iqembu elinesibindi le-Kuzma, minin kanye noDmitry Pozharski bakhipha ukungenelela okuyinselele kude kakhulu kwezwe.
Kuze kube yileso sikhathi esisezweni saseRussia, elonakalisiwe futhi esimnyama, umphathi ovelele uVorotynsky njengoba ayengawakhetha ezitheni. Inkosi ngenxa yamacala e-Nizhny Novgorod ishiye i-epicententer yezehlakalo futhi ayikhonjiswanga ezikhundleni kuze kube yi-1560s.
Ngokubambisana nombusi, amahlumela e-Dmitry, uMikhail alwela noDevlet-Gyrum, onamaqembu akhe aphezulu anamaRussia ezimpini ezisendizeni evulekile. Ukubalwa kweqhinga no-sedkalis kwavumela iqembu leVorotnsky ukwenza umlando weqiniso ukuthi bakhulume emadolobheni.
Impi, ebizwa nge-molodinskaya impi, eyenzeka lapho kusondela enhlokodolobha, kwaba yinguquko yempi yaseLivorian. AmaTatar ashibhile abuyele emuva, ashiye izinkulungwane zalabo ababulewe futhi balimala, kwathi isikhashana bakhohlwe yindawo yezwe olifunayo.
Isihe somuntu siqu seVorotnsky sasebenza kahle, okwaphela esitelekeni esingabonakali esihlahleni sesitha esaphukile. Isibindi nesibindi esikhonjiswe yi-Commander, kwabonisa ukuthi umgwaqo wezwe waseRussia wawungakanani.
Ngokunqoba kukaTatar Khan, uMikhail uthole imiklomelo - ubunikazi bomndeni kanye nomhlaba ezindaweni eziningana. Esikhundleni esiphezulu sezinceku kanye ne-oyar, evamile ngesikhathi sokubusa kuka-Ivan Grozny, i-Voivode yaba ngumkhuzi we-Okrug Reli ngeminyaka eyi-1570.
Ukushona
Ekuqaleni kuka-1573, ngobunye obabazekayo, uVorotnsky, osolwa ngokulimaza inkosi. Kukholakala ukuthi phakathi kwabanye "amakhambi" uMikhail Morozov noNikita, u-Odeno, umphathi wamaqhawe wakhonza njengobuholi.
Usopolitiki waseRussia u-Andrei Karbsky ogcinwe inzalo yokwakheka wabiza phakathi kwezimbangela zokufa kukaMikhail avele ahlushwa umlilo. Ngaphambi kokushona kobuhlungu kwe-voivod, izindonga zezindela zangena ezindongeni ze-monastic futhi ngenxa yabagcini bezingazi ebusuku, akukho suku.
Ukuqhuma kwenkosana yaseRussia kwenziwe kwangcwatshwa emaphethelweni kaKashin, khona-ke izidumbu zithuthelwe kwelinye lamasonto omndeni. Umhlaba ophethwe ubukhosi beVorotnsky, umbuso wahoxiswa ngenxa yokwakhiwa, futhi bathuthela ebunini bemikhosi yaseRussia.