I-Biograge
I-American Gubee Poland - intatheli, umphakathi osolwa ochwepheshe kanye nochwepheshe. Ubengumholi kanye nomsebenzi wokuqala wegatsha laseRussia lamagazini kaForbes. Ezincwadini ezavela ngonyaka ka-2000, umhloli wamazwe angokoqobo achaze indlela yokuphila nezenzo zamakhanda ezifundazwe kanye nezinkanyezi zezepolitiki.Ubuntwana nentsha
UPaul (Pavel yuryevich) uKhlebnikov wazalelwa eNew York emndenini afuduka eRussia ngasekupheleni kwawo-1910. Ukhokho wakhe osekude kakhulu u-Ivan Pushchin wabamba iqhaza ekuvukeleni koMkhomezi, futhi umkhulu omkhulu we-Arkady Konstantinovich Nerzin wayengummeli wezempi wezinkantolo zamasosha.
Ugogo wentatheli yesikhathi esizayo wabamba iqhaza eCharity, wabheka izinhlangano zezingane kanye ne-American Public ChowaritableN Foundation. Ubaba, uGeorgy Sergeevich KHLEBNIOOV, ufunde eyunivesithi ehlonishwayo, ngokukhetha izilimi (ukuhumusha okuvumelanayo kanye nezobuchwepheshe) njengobukhethekile.
Ebuntwaneni, uPawulu ekugcizeleleni kwezihlobo ezazikhona esikoleni saseSt. Bernard, ezasungulwa yiziqu ze-University of University of Cambridge ngo-1904. Othisha besigaba esiphezulu basheshe babona umfana onesiphiwo futhi sathuthukisa amakhono anolwazi, futhi saphakamisa nokuqapha nothando ngomsebenzi.
Lapho sebekhulile, uKhlebnikov wabhaliswa esikhungweni semithombo yePhillips ehoreli, isici esihlukile sawo ayengamatafula ayindilinga efundisayo. Phakathi kwabantu abashiye lesi sikhungo ngesitifiketi semfundo kwakunguMark Zuckerberg kanye nabanye abathweswe iziqu okufanele bahlonishwe.
Ngokusho koMkhandlu walowo mzali owayesebenza e-United Nations State, phansi kwanquma nge-biobezinye ngokukhetha e-University of California. EBerkeley, le nsizwa yaba nentshisekelo kososayensi bezepolitiki kanye nomlando kwathi ekuqaleni kuka-1984 waphothula ubuhlakani obuhambisanayo.
Ngaphandle kokumisa ngokwenzekile, uKhlebnikov wanquma ukuba yinkosi futhi athole idiploma yeLondon School of Economics nezepolitiki. Ukufunda e-United States of America, Intatheli yesikhathi esizayo isivele yaqongelela isipiliyoni sempilo futhi yathola amandla okuhlaziya izehlakalo ezenzeka nxazonke.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
UKHLEBNIKOV wayengumuntu osebenzayo, efaka izinyawo zakhe ngokuqinile, wanakekela impilo yakhe uqobo futhi wathola umfazi osemthethweni. Isitimela se-Chooleen Helen, esasingelomphakathi wabaxhasi kanye nababhange, ngenxa yengqondo nokuqonda kwavunywa ngumndeni womndeni.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lo mbhangqwana owayehlala eMelika, kwazalwa izingane. Ubaba wazethula nomlando wamadlozi, abomdabu bezwe laseRussia elikude. UPowula watjela ukuthi amaqhuti akhe azuza kanjani eBabaLealand futhi, ekwazi ukukhokhela izakhamizi, enze imali ngokweqiniso.
Ubuntatheli
Insizwa yokuvelela enemfundo ephakeme inqume ukunikela izimpilo zobuntatheli futhi yathola umsebenzi njengehhovisi lokuhlela le-American Diaten "Forbes". Njengombhali wesikhathi esigcwele, isisebenzi se-novice esinethalente sihlinzeke ngezinto ezisetshenziselwa abaholi bamabhendi ajwayelekile angama-5- 10.Ukuba nezilimi zakwamanye amazwe ngokukhululekile, i-KHLEBNIkov ethuthuka nge-career ladder naku-1990s yaba ngumbhali wezindatshana ezikhokhelwe ngokuphelele. Uhlaziye umsebenzi webhizinisi ezinkampani zomhlaba wonke futhi wavumelanisa nemininingwane eyinkimbinkimbi yabantu abangazange babhekane nebhizinisi.
Ekupheleni kuka-1996, isihloko esikhuluma ngoBoris Berezovsky obizwa ngokuthi "Uyise Omkhulu weKremlin" wavela ekhasini "Forbes" UPawulu wabhala ngezepolitiki ezivelele njengoba umuntu ebandakanyeka ekubulaweni kukaVlad Uhlu nomuntu owabelwe amasheya nezikweletu zakwamanye amazwe.
Umlobi wencwadi eyehlazo wasikisela ukuthi usomabhizinisi ahlotshaniswa nabantu beChechen ubuzwe nezigebengu zamakhosi ahlukene. Ukutholwa, okuqinisekiswe ngobufakazi, ukumbiwa ngesikhathi kuphenywa ngokugcwele, kumangaze futhi kwaqeda izinkulungwane zabantu abanganaki.
Umuntu okuwukuphela komuntu owayengakuthandi okuqukethwe kwentatheli yaseMelika kwakungumlingiswa ophambili we-inthanethi. Ukugxekwa kukaMongameli uVladimir Putin waqala inqubomgomo yomphakathi wasola uPaul KHLEBNIOV ekushicilelweni kokunyundela.
Ngomhla ka-2000, intatheli eyathandwa kakhulu, yahlanganyela ekwakhiweni kwemisebenzi emikhulu, eyayiphangwa izinkulungwane zezilimi ngesiRussia, isiNgisi nezinye izilimi. AbaseMelika bahlangane nozakwabo bamanye amazwe ukuthola ulwazi, futhi bakhuluma nabalingiswa abaziwa ngemibuthano yezepolitiki.
Uphenyo "Unkulunkulu kaKremlin: UBremlin Berezovsky kanye nomlando wokuphanga kweRussia" Khlebnikov okwenziwe ngezinto ezishicilelwe ekhasini lemidiya. Indaba yosomabhizinisi waseRussia yangezelelwa izingcaphuno ezivela kumadokhumenti ezazibanjelwe isikhathi eside ngemuva kweminyango evaliwe.
Ngokusekelwe engxoxweni ne-Chechen Authority kanye nesigebengu, uPaul Nukhayev, Nukhayev, eshicilele incwadi ethi "Ingxoxo noVarvar" mayelana namaphekula kanye namabutho. Umlobi waphinda waqala izehlakalo ezinamagazi ezenzeka ezweni lesikhala sendawo yangemva kweSoviet ngeminyaka yama-1990s.
Ngo-2004, "i-Forbes" yacabanga ngokuvulwa kwegatsha laseRussia, futhi i-KHLEBNIKOV ekuncomeni kwabaphathi abaphezulu baba ngumuntu ozohola phambili. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi eMoscong Publishing House, uPawulu akazange athole ulimi olujwayelekile nozakwethu, izilinganiso zalo zifinyelela ezikhundleni zabaculi abadumile nezinkanyezi ze-movie.
Uhlu lwabantu baseRussia abacebile kakhulu beshicilelwe komunye wemigqa yehlobo lejenali ekwakheni umhleli-in-deightle. Abasebenzi ababeqonda isilinganiso sesibopho saxoxa nabaseMelika kulesi sinyathelo, kodwa akazange abuyele kolandelayo ngemibono yakhe.
Isihloko sashukumisa i-metropolitan elite futhi sakha amahlazo amaningi, ngoba abamangalelwa abasezingeni eliphakeme baphonsela inselelo izindawo ohlwini. I-KHLEBNIKOV, eyayingakakwazi okuwukuphela kokungathiba kwesimo, yaqhubeka nokuvulwa ngonya kwendawo yezombusazwe kazwelonke.
Ngaphambi nje kokuba kufe, phansi kwaqoqa impahla enezikhundla eziphezulu - iRamzan Kadyrov, u-Adamu Delimkhanov nabanye abamele amandla. Ngeshwa, i-bibliography yentatheli ayizange igcwaliswe ngomkhiqizo omusha, ongadonsa udoti ngenxa yeminyango evaliwe.
Ukushona
Ngenxa yokushicilelwa, ukudalula osopolitiki, osomabhizinisi kanye nezibalo zomphakathi, i-KHLEBNIKOV ngesikhathi esifushane yanikeza inani elikhulu lezitha. Imibhalo nezincwadi ezidumile ziye zabangela umzamo ohlelwe ngokungaziwa maphakathi no-2000s.
Lapho ushiya ihhovisi lokuhlela, iMelika enezimpande zaseRussia iye yawa kungalindele ngaphansi kokonga, hhayi kude nengadi ye-botanical. I-ambulensi yafika endaweni lapho lo mlisa esekwazi, kodwa udokotela owayeseba nokunakekelwa kakhulu, akazange aphathe noma yini.
NgoJulayi 9, 2004, kwavela abezindaba kwabezindaba ukuthi uPaul KHLEBNIOV wabulawa maphakathi neMoscow. Inguqulo yalabo abathintekayo kulobu bugebengu yashicilelwa ngokushesha emaphephandabeni, futhi ngokuhlukahluka okuhlukile kwaba umcebo wesixuku.
Ngemuva kokuthi umzimba wentatheli ukhishwe ethuneni, fal sudddinov no-Alexey Mordashov baba yilabo abasolwa abaphambili. Ngaphezu kwazo, iziphathimandla zibophelele uMusa Vakhaeva noKazbek Duzova, kanye namanye amalungu ezigebengu avela emadolobheni ahlukene amaChechen.
Ngeshwa, abaphenyi baseRussia abahlaseli umkhondo wekhasimende, yize abantu bemibuthano e-Elite bethathwa njengengabasolwa. Imibono mayelana nezinhloso zalobu bugebengu yavezwa ngamaphephandaba futhi imbozwe kabanzi kwi-Intanethi ngasekupheleni kuka-2000s.