I-Biograge
I-Biography of the umbhali "Great Gatsby" UZeldy Fitzgerald ufana nekusasa likaCamilla Claudel. Njengomlobi wesiFulentshi, omuhle futhi opha umlobi waseMelika wasala ethunzini lethalente lendoda yakhe ayithandayo futhi waphothula izinsuku zakhe endlini yakhe.Ubuntwana nentsha
"Isithonjana sowesifazane" sazalelwa enhlokodolobha yase-Alabama, idolobha laseMontgomery. Umlobi wayengusontanga lwekhulu lama-20 kanti osemncane ezinganeni eziyisithupha ezaholwa ngumahluleli ka-Anthony Dichens Sayir nomkakhe bavukuzi.
Okomnyaka ngaphambi kokuzalwa kukaZelda eneminyaka engu-2, ingane yesihlanu yabalingani besi-sair yafa - indodakazi kaLenor, kodwa indodakazi kaClotilda yafa ngeminyaka engama-93 ubudala, iSindile uMikhail Gorbachev noRonald Reagan. UMinerva wabiza indodakazi encane ukuhlonipha i-heroine kaRobert Francalon.
Ebuntweni, uZelda ujabule kubazali nomuntu wobuntwana, kodwa wamangala ukuqhekeka, akwamukeleki kule ntokazi, eyaziwa okhokho ababengamaSeneta. Esikoleni samabanga aphezulu iSydney Laca Sair yaba ngumphefumlo wenkampani kanye nenhloso yezinsizwa yezinsizwa ezaheha ubuhle bobuhle bentokazi kanye nezingubo zakhe ezingathandeki, amandla okubhukuda.
Intombazane ayizange iphuthelwe yimaphi amaqembu, abheme futhi aphuza, futhi kuphela isikhundla sikayise esivikela idumela lokuthola isivuno esivela ku-obidtar yenhlebo yeMontTomery. Impilo yentombazane encane iboniswa kwikhotheshini eshiywe yi-sair ngaphansi kwesithombe sayo ku-albhamu ye-prom:
"Kungani impilo ingasebenza uma singaboleka bonke? Phila namuhla futhi ungakhathazeki ngakusasa! "Impilo yomuntu siqu
Njengoba umyeni wesikhathi esizayo - umlobi we-novice uFrancis Scott FicezgeraldD - UZelde wahlangana ngoJulayi 1918 eqenjini lomdanso eConntgomery Country Club, elalichazwa kamuva kwiGatsby enkulu. Umlobi ohlanganisa ukubhala inoveli yokuqala "ngaphesheya kwePharadesi" nenkonzo empini kwakungeyona ukuphela komuntu owayenobuhle. Umoya wokuncintisana wangena emphefumulweni wengubo encane umlilo wothando. Bonke ngempelasonto uFrancis bachitha noZelda, futhi ngezinsuku zesonto bamatasa nentombazane yansuku zonke ebizwa ngokuthi yintombazane.NgoSeptemba 7, 1918, indoda ethile yasho kudayari yayo, eyathandana. UFrancis washintsha uhlobo lwe-heroine eyinhloko yenoveli ye-rut rosalinda, ethwetshiwe kumuntu odoti. Le ncwadi ifaka amakhasi edayari, i-sair yanikeza ukufunda othandekayo.
Shumeka kusuka ezithombeni ezifuywayoNgo-Mashi 1920, uFrancis, owasayina inkontileka nendlu yokushicilela ukuyoshicilela inoveli, yenziwe umnikelo we-zelde. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi uMloboma Katolika akazange athande umndeni wakwaShiging owavuma icala, futhi naphezu kokunganeliseki kwabazali bomakoti emdlwaneni wendodana yesikhathi esizayo, ngo-Ephreli 3, kwabancane bashada.
Impumelelo yomsebenzi kanye nendlela yokuphila yabalingani abasebasha bebenze banezinkanyezi zeNew York kanye namaqhawe amanothi omshini ophuzi, owayebikele ephathini yombhali olandelayo, lapho kufakwa khona umfazi wombhali emthonjeni Isikwele senyunyana. Intsha nobuhle baphuphuthekisiwe. UFitzgeraldds wabizwa nge- "Jazz Era".
Ngo-Okthoba 1921, uZelda wabeletha indodakazi ebizwa ngokuthi uYise weScotty. Isisho sonina osemusha lapho kubonakale umntwana osanda kuzalwa "makahlale impilo yakhe yonke ibe yinhle futhi icishe ibe yisiwula njengokuzalwa" uFrancis Great Gatsby ". Ukukhulelwa kwesibili kwama-posions kwaphela ekuhushulwe isisu ukuthi incwadi yomlingani echazwe emsebenzini "muhle futhi walahlwa."
Ukuzalwa kwendodakazi akuzange kuvuse eSifisweni sikaNkk Ficezgerald osemusha ukwenza emnothweni (wonke umsebenzi wakhe wesikole wenziwa yizinceku zikaFrancis State), kodwa le kwakuyimbangela yabalingani bezinqubekelana. Kancane kancane, uZelda wacasula isifiso somyeni wakhe ukuyofaka iziqephu zokuphila komuntu siqu emsebenzini. Umkami ucindezele uFrancis uhlamvu lwemali olufanayo - wanikeza inhlolokhono lapho uHemisphun abike ukuthi izincwadi zoshade naye - ukubhala phansi kwe-diaries yakhe.
I-apula lokuhlukanisa lakwaFitzgeralds lalinomhawu ohlanganyele. UFrancis uZelda ngomona waya kumshayeli wendiza u-Edward Josan, ubuhle bahlangana nabo eFrance. Emilweni, umshayeli wendiza waseFrance wabhala ukuthi indaba yothando lwayo nomdabu waseMontgomery Fitzgerald yavele yasungulwa ngoba yayidinga imizwa ebukhali.
UZelda uFrancis uFrancis waya e-Aseedore Duncan (ngandlela thile ephathini lapho umyeni wakhe ethanda kakhulu izingxoxo nge-balletina, wagxumela esitebhisini esitebhisini), wangena esitebhisini esitebhisini), waya ku-Ernest Hemingway, lowo owakwakheni waba abangane ngo-Ephreli 1925. Owesifazane waze wasola ngisho nababhali - ababhali ngobungqingili. Kepha umhawu omkhulu kaZwelda waqashwa nguFrancis imibhalo yomsebenzi kanye nokukhula kwegunya lakhe njengomlobi.
Ubudlelwano babashadikazi badaywe futhi umlutha wabo wotshwala. I-Fitzgeralds Party yaphenduka kangako ejabulisayo, iyonakala ngokwengeziwe futhi ivame ukugcwala ngezimpi.
Ngo-1930, uZelda, osekuzame kaningi ukuzibulala, odokotela bezengqondo u-Eygen Blair, "Baba" womqondo we-autism, otholakala e-schizophrenia. Lesi sifo sithuthuke, futhi kusukela ngo-1936 kuze kube sekufeni kukaNkk Fitzgerald sasisesibhedlela esiphakeme sangagula ngengqondo.
UFrancis waphonsa inoveli enomgxeki wefilimu weSham Graham, kodwa ngo-1940 washona ngokuzumayo. Imbangela yokufa kombhali oneminyaka engu-44 ubudala kwakuyisifo senhliziyo.
Ukudala
UZelde wayenesiphiwo esiguquguqukayo. Ngazama njengomdwebi, ngineminyaka engu-27 ngakhumbula ukudla okuthandayo kwezingane ze-ballet futhi ngaqala ukwenza lo mshini ngokuqagela. Kepha ikhono elikhulu kunabo bonke owesifazane akhombisa ezincwadini. Amacebo nokutholwa kwezidalwa kuye kwasiza kaningi uFrancis ukuba enze imisebenzi yabo yabathengisi bayo. Ngakho-ke, kwakungunkosikazi womfazi wombhali ukuthi abize igama elithi "Great Gatsby", hhayi "isiga nesigqoko segolide."
Ngasekupheleni kwama-20s - ekuqaleni kwama-30 ama-30 amakhulu ama-20 ekhulu lama-20, uZelda washicilela izindaba nezindatshana kumamagazini. Ngamagama enoveli iningi likaNkk Fitzgerald avele igama elithi Girl ("Girl"). Imisebenzi itshelwe ngabesifazane abasebasha abangekho endaweni yabo empilweni.
Ngo-1932, ukuba sekwelashweni emtholampilo waseBaltimore, uZelda wabhala inoveli ye-autobiographical "ngisindise, waltz" wamthumela kuPhekethe Maxwell Maxwell Perkins.
Lapho uFrancis efunda umbhalo wesandla, wathukuthela futhi waphoqa umkakhe ukuthi ahoxe emsebenzini wesahluko, asuselwa ekuthengeni, kamuva wafaka nencwadi yakhe ethi "Night". Kodwa-ke, ngisho nangefomu elinqunyiwe, uZellayi waseRoma wayengaphansi kakhulu ukuthengisa abashade naye ekukhazimuleni kolimi futhi athakazelise.
"Ngisindise, uWaltz" waba yincwadi kuphela eshicilelwe nguNkk Fitzgerald. Owesifazane wadumazeka ngokuthatha umsebenzi obandayo ngomsebenzi ngabafundi kanye nabagxeki, kanye nenoveli yesibili "Izinto zikaKhesari" azikwazanga ukuqeda.
Ukushona
Ukuphela kwe-yolda kwakumbi. Ngobusuku bukaMashi 10, 1948, kwavela umlilo esibhedlela esiphakeme. I-Zelda, ekhiyiwe eMisebenzini ngokulindela ukwelashwa nge-electroshock, ayikwazanga ukuphuma. Emlilweni wabulala ezinye iziguli ezibhedlela eziyi-8. Izinsalela ze-Fitzgerald zikhombe amazinyo futhi zisinda ezicathulweni ezenziwe ekhaya.I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1925 - Indlovukazi yethu ye-movie
- 1929 - Girl Southern
- Ngo-1929 - intombazane yasekuqaleni yezitolo
- Ngo-1930 - intombazane yesigidi
- 1930 - Intombazane enethalente
- 1931 - Miss Ella
- Ngo-1931 - intombazane esebenza kabi
- Ngo-1932 - Amantongomane ambalwa
- Ngo-1932 - Izingelosi Zenhlanganokazi
- 1932 - "Ngisindise, Waltz"
- Ngo-1934 - "Nikeza uMnumzane noNkk F. Ekamelweni"
- Ngo-1934 - "Indali yesampula ngo-1934"
- "Izinto zeKhesari" (hhayi ngaphezulu)