I-Biograge
UJulio Mazarini waba ngungqongqoshe wokuqala weNkosi yaseFrance uLouis XIII, waba ngumlandeli we-Cardinal Arman Jean du Pleb de Richelieu. I-State Averisticator yaduma njengo-Anna Our-Austrian kanye ne-tamer of the noble frond eholwa yiPrince de Konde.Ubuntwana nentsha
UJulio Raymondo Mazari wazalelwa ngoJulayi 1602 emndenini womthengisi nomnini mhlaba, ophethe izimpande ezinhle. Ngenxa yesikhundla sokhokho kanye nokusondela kumbusi waseNaples, ikusasa lomfana lanquma futhi lazinza ezinsukwini zokuqala.
Ubaba uPietro Mazarini wayeyinkomba ye-Filippo yaseCamera, futhi umama, i-aristocrat evela eRoma, ingeyomphakathi wezintokazi ezinhle. Owesifazane waletha izingane - abafana ababili namantombazane amane, ahlulela amarekhodi okugcina umlando, awazange akheke hhayi ngonyaka.
UJulio, owayeyindodana endala, waya esikoleni ngasikhathi seminyaka yesi-7, kodwa akazange ajoyine umyalo wamaJesuits, naphezu kwemizamo yothisha. Ekilasini lesayensi yezinkanyezi, wenza umbiko we-comet of gallea, enikeza umbono ngenqwaba yezwa abantu bakhe.
Ngaphezu kweSayensi, uMazarini wayethanda ubuciko bezemidlalo yaseshashalazini, wadlala indima kaSt. Ignatia de Loyola komunye wemidlalo yenkolo. Kodwa-ke, isihloko somsebenzi awuzange sithinte ukwazi okusebenzayo kwale nsizwa, wathola isithakazelo sokudala kakhulu kwinqubo.
Ebusheni bakhe, ekubeni sesikhungweni semfundo ngaphandle kokunakekelwa kwabazali, uJulio umlutha wokugembula futhi kaningi kubakweletini. Ubaba, owaqagela le nkinga, wathatha indlalifa eRoma, futhi okwesikhashana wajikeleza emibuthanweni yezifundazwe zesifundazwe.
Ekuqaleni kuka-1622, uMazarini waba umngane futhi umlingani uJirolo Pollons - ozongena esikhundleni sohlobo lwesahluko seNeapolitan. Waya eyunivesithi yokuvumelanisa, e-Madrid, lapho kwakukhona ithuba lokuzijabulisa, ngaphandle kokwesaba imiphumela yobubi molly.
Ntambama, uJulio wafunda umlando nakwesokudla, kusihlwa adlale amakhadi emathangeni nasezitafuleni zasendaweni. Abanye ngokuyisimangaliso, uBaba wachitha ngempilo yendodana endalo futhi wabona ukuthi ithemba lekusasa lalizoba ukuwa okungenakugwenywa.
Ngokuhleleka komzali oqinile, uJulio wabuyela ezweni lakubo futhi wasondela ekubusweni ngemuva kwalokho. Maphakathi ne-1628, wajoyina amabutho ePrince Palestrina, kodwa ngenxa yokuntula ulwazi kanye nesipiliyoni kwakungewona ukulwa noma kuphi.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ebusheni, uMaazarin wacishe washada nendodakazi yaseMadrid Notary, yenza isenzo se-Frivolous Serced Forced Card. Abazali abafunde ngalesi simo esivela encwadini yomngane weNdodana, bathatha inkathazo, kwaze kwafika izindaba zichithe izilimi ezimbi.Ukuba ngusopolitiki ovelele, uJulio wahlanganyela kwabathandekayo, wazama ukuhlela ikusasa labafowethu nodadewethu abaningi. Isimo seCardinal Catholic Church sabeka isiphambano empilweni yakhe, kanye nongqongqoshe wokuqala ngaphandle kokuzisola ngesigwebo esidabukisayo.
Amalungu amancane omndeni wakwaMaazarin aba yinkantolo nabesilisa nabesilisa, uDuke de Nevers noLaura Mancni babengabathandi beRoyal Persons. U-Anna Maria Martinotzi washada noPrince de Conti, owaba odumile njengelungu leFrond, umsubathi wezobuciko kanye nePhilanthropist.
Indikimba Ebusayo
Umsebenzi wezepolitiki wase-Italy waqala ngesikhundla se-papal ploplop, okokuqala ngqa ukufundwa kweNhlangano ngaye ngo-1630. UJulio wayala izingxoxo nabafakizicelo ngefa le-mantuan, waba ngumuntu ovimbele impi yesiFulentshi - iSpain.
UMaazarni wakwazi ukuthola ukuzethemba kwezibalo ezidumile zaseYurophu - uCardinals Francesco Barberini Barberini uSenior and Arman Jean Du Pleb de Richelieu. Amadoda anokuhlangenwe nakho abukeze amandla asemzandleni osemusha, futhi ngokushesha waba ngumnikazi weqhaza kumdlalo onzima wezepolitiki.
Lowo owayengumgembuli wamukela iSan Canonika kanye nesikhundla esihlonishwayo, okwenza kwaba sokwenzeka ukuthola izintela ezingxenyeni ezithile zezindlu zezifundazwe eziningana. Waba ifa epapa ePapal eParis maphakathi nawo-1630 futhi waqala ukuphatha isiphetho samakhulu ezakhamizi.
URichelieu ngaphambi kokushona kwakhe ubuze inkosi ukuba inakekele isiphetho sikaMazarini, ngenxa yalokho, umpristi wase-Italy wangena emkhandlwini wobukhosi ophakeme. Indoda enemikhuba emihle iwine ukuzethemba kuka-Anna Austrian futhi wahlala umngane wakhe ngaphezulu kweminyaka eminingi.
Ngesikhathi sokubusa okuwukuphela kokubuswa kukaJuis XIII, uJulio waba yisikhonzi sokuqala kanye neNkosi yangempela yezwe. Ukwazi, okuholwa yi-Duke of De Beaufort, kuhlelwe uzungu lokuzikhukhumeza ", ukunquma ukuthi osopolitiki abaphelile abaludingekanga ngumbuso waseFrance.
U-Ana oyintandokazi ka-Queen wakwazi ukugcina isikhundla esiphakeme. Njengoba ebhekene nokuphikiswa, waba yisibalo sokuqala eParis. Ngenxa yethalente kwenqubomgomo yakwamanye amazwe, iFrance yanqoba iSpain empini yeminyaka engamashumi amathathu, yakhanya ngenxa yezizathu zenkolo.
UMazarini waba ngomunye wabadali bedokhumenti yomlando, ngenxa yemizamo yakhe, kwathiwa umhlaba waseWesphalian waqedwa. Uqhube izinguquko emphakathini nezomnotho ezithinta abampofu kubantu, besebenzisa isipiliyoni salowo owandulelayo njengowukuphela kwangempela.
Ukwanda kwentela yentela kubangele ukungajabuli kwesiFulentshi, ukumelana neKhadinali kwakungu-Ortinan nabathengisi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uMaazarin waphinda waxabana ne-paris ukuze aziwa, akhule emkhawulweni osuselwa ku-1640.
Isimo esijulile saphoqelela uJulio ukuthi alahle ukwakheka kwe-Abolketutitustion futhi aqondise imizamo yokufundisa iNdodana yeNkosi efiselekayo. UCardinal no-Ana Austrian baphetha isivumelwano nabaphikisi, futhi kamuva kwavela ukuthi isinqumo esinjalo sathathwa yize.
Inyunyana enabantu bangaphambili kwangaphambilini basize ukucindezela izimbangi futhi bathumele eDitonus ye-ventsensky castle of par France Prince de Konde. Kodwa-ke, abameleli bakwa-Aristocracy babephikisana nesinqumo esinjalo, futhi uMazariny wathatha umhlalaphansi eJalimane, ngaphandle kokuba nethuba lokuzigcina ku-ultrasound.
Lapho ikusasa uLouis XIV seluthole iminyaka yobudala, uKhansela wabuyela eParis exolelwe ngempi. Ama-avations, ahlela inani labantu akhathele ukungqubuzana, akhombisa ukuthi uMazarini akazange alahlekelwe yi-Prestige yabo yangaphambili.
Ukushona
Ekupheleni kokuphila kukaMazarini wanquma ukuba ngumpristi ojwayelekile - ebhekise esimweni sempilo, wasuka ezindabeni zomphakathi. Ngenxa ye-gout ekhuphuke futhi nezinkinga ngokugaya, le ndoda yalahlekelwa amandla akhe wangaphambili, yabheka futhi ilahlekile.Ngaphambi kokuba afe, ngenxa yezifo, uKhadinali wayeyintando, ngakho-ke umfundisi wokuqala wayezoba nguJean-Baptiste Colleber. UJulio wanikeza izeluleko ezibhaliwe enkosini uLouis XIV, mayelana nezindawo zoMbuso, amasiko nezomphakathi.
Ngo-Mashi 1661, uMizarini wangcwatshwa ngodumo ekwakhiweni kwe-Institute of France eduze kwaseLouvras Palace. Ithuna, elisesimweni semabula elinemifanekiso yezibalo zangesikhathi esedlule, selibe yinkokhiso endodaneni yomninindlu nomthengisi.
UJulio Mazarini e-ART
I-biography ka-French Cardinal yaboniswa ku-ART, yaba yiqhawe lemibhalo yezemibhalo, imidwebo yobuciko kanye nemibhalo. Ku- "Iron Mask" ngokwe-Novenord, u-Alexander Duma - uJulio uJulio uboniswa njengombusi ohlakaniphile, owaphila nokaputeni ojulile.
Ifilimu elithi "Ukubuyiselwa Kwama-Musketeers, noma ingcebo ye-MARINIL MAZARINI" yasusa abenzi befilimu baseRussia ekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-1990s. Ngemuva kweminyaka eyishumi, itheyiphu "I-Cardinal Mazarini. Imidlalo eyingozi, "inentshisekelo kubameleli balabo abanganaki umlando wemibuthano.