I-Biograge
I-Vyacheslav Shishkov ngumlobi weSoviet, umbhali we-Age Frames namanoveli, anikeze amaphrimiyamu wombuso, izindondo ezihlonishwayo. Imibhalo engcono kakhulu esebenza ngesitayela seqiniso seSocialist yadalwa ekuqaleni nangephakathi ne-1920-1930s.Ubuntwana nentsha
UVyacheslav Shishkov wazalelwa eBezhetsk ngo-Okthoba 3, 1873 esitolo esikhulu esicebile seBenchmark kanye nomthengisi. Umkhulu uDmitry Alekseevich wayengumnikazi womhlaba ocebile owashada umlimi wenqaba owavusa ubaba womlobi.
Njengoba ingane, inkazimulo nezinye izingane zazingaphansi kokugadwa kukamama, futhi inhloko yomndeni yanyamalala usuku lonke ngemiyalo yezohwebo. Kusihlwa, amalungu esibumbana abunguomu azolalela izindaba eziphathelene nezindaba zesifundazwe kusihlwa.
Ngempelasonto, umkhulu nogogo baxosha inzalo esontweni lendawo, khona-ke umama nodade babelungiselela amakhukhi. Abafana babukeka bebubuke njengoba uYise ebubuya emsebenzini wakhe bavula izincwadi zakwaBarn futhi babhala inzuzo nezikweletu.
Ezinsukwini zemakethe, izingane ezindala zasiza abazali bazo esitolo sokuhweba, usuku lokuthi uChishovo waqala ngesigamu ekuseni. Ekhululiwe, i-vyacheslav nabazalwane bahamba esigcawini somuzi babuka amabhokisi nomnumzana.
Eminyakeni engu-7 ubudala, umbhali wesikhathi esizayo wathola indawo endlini yezivakashi, kodwa ngonyaka owedlule, ikilasi elithokomele lisele ngenxa yobunzima bezezimali. Ukuba ngumfundi ojwayelekile wesikole saseBezhetsky City, waba nesithakazelo empilweni yabamele izixuku.
Othisha badonsela ukunaka ithalente lemvelo laseShishkov, indaba yezingane "Wolf Lair" yahlonishwa ngendumiso ephakeme. Kodwa-ke, ekugcizeleleni kwabazali, i-vyacheslav yahlela kabusha ekwakhiweni futhi, yabhalisa esikhungweni sokuhlalisana, noma umugqa akazange abhale.
Ikhanda lomnyango wezobuchwepheshe livumile umfundi omusha, ezifundweni zokuqala, umdanso waseBezhetsk uthole umfundaze - ama-ruble ayi-10. Njengomkhuba wobunjiniyela weShishkov eNizhny Novgorod, wenze idamu, kwathi esiFundazweni saseVologda kwaganwa ekwenziweni kwamanzi.
Ekupheleni kuka-1894, i-vyacheslav yathuthela esifundeni saseTomsk futhi yaba uchwepheshe wokucwaninga ngeTaiga. Ukubamba iqhaza ekuhambeni kwesayensi emifuleni i-IrTysh, Ob noLena, Wenza ukudubula nezilinganiso ezimeni ezibandayo ne-purgi.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Mayelana nempilo yomuntu siqu ye-vyacheslav yakovlevich eyaziwayo encane, kunemininingwane ephathelene nabafazi abathathu abasemthethweni, ngoba izizathu ezahlukahlukene ezazingenazo izingane. Ebusheni bakhe, umbhali wayengeke angene ebudlelwaneni obukhulu.Ngokuphazima kweso, kwavela u-Anna Ivanovna Ashlova avela emthonjeni wakhe - ukugibela okuncane okuvela emhlanganweni we-aristocracy. Ngemuva kweminyaka emibili umshado, abasanda kushada bahlukana, ngoba uShishkova wahlatshwa umxhwele ukuhamba futhi uyasebenza.
Umfazi wesibili waseBhezhetsk wayengumhumushi weKsenia Zhikhareva, wanyathelisa incwadi yezinkumbulo zomyeni onamakhono nokuba khona kwethalente naye. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokuhlangana nowesifazane okhangayo nomlobi uMikhail Borisoglebsky, uthando lomshado lwahlakazwa.
Ngo-1927, i-vyacheslav yakovlevich eshada futhi, umshado wokugcina awuzange ulethe injabulo ku-bachelor eyakhombisiwe. Ngemuva kolunye uhambo, le ndoda yangenandaba nalabo othandekayo nasesizuzeni esiphelele ibuyele emshinini wokubhala.
Izincwadi
ESiberia, okuphefumlelwe ubuhle bemvelo kaShishkov baqala ukubhala izindaba, umsebenzi we- "CEDAR" wanyatheliswa emakhasini amaphephandaba amaTomsk. Kamuva, amanothi nezindatshana zokuhamba aqala ukuvela lapho, lapho umbhali uchaze khona okuvelile kweminyaka echithwa emifuleni.
Isitayela somlobi woqobo sabonga uGrigory Potanin - umcwaningi, ososayensi kanye ne-ethrographar, esehlelele ama-Crive Lwesine. Abantu babuthana ndawonye baxoxa ngezihloko ezahlukahlukene ezazikhathazekile ngemibuthano ehlakaniphile ehlakaniphile.
Emihlanganweni, i-vyacheslav yakovlevich yafunda i-physchology yabantu, futhi ngemuva kwalokho yanikeza amaqhawe ngezinto zabantu obajwayele. Ngokusobala, ngakho-ke, iqoqo le-rust elinamanoveli "eliphakeme eliphakeme" nelithi "kralya" labangela inzalo kwabagxeki futhi banakekele ubuciko babantu.
Njengomcwaningi, uShishkov wasebenza kulo msebenzi wendlela edlulayo, ubuholi bamthumela ohambweni lwebhizinisi eya oMnyangweni Wemigwaqo YoMnyango Wezemigwaqo Ephakeme. Lapho esevakashele i-PeterSburg, uchwepheshe wahlangana ne-maxim yasegalofu edume, ngemuva kombukiso wemisebenzi yabesilisa, ingxoxo yaqala.
Ngaphansi kwethonya lombhali odumile wezingcezu "ezansi" kanye "Nezingane zeLanga", i-vyacheslav yaqala ngesondo eRussia, iqoqa izinto zangempela. Ngemuva kwe-Bolshevik Revolution, umdanso wesifundazwe se-tver wacabanga ngomsebenzi wedokhumenti okwazi ukulwa noma yimuphi umfundi.
Ekupheleni kwa-20s, uSheishkov wahlala ngokuqinile ngaseSt. Petersburg, lapho abhala khona indaba "kanye ne-miniatures yempilo eyishumi nambili. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wenza uhlaka enoveli yomlando "VATAGA", lapho kwaboniswa khona impi emhlophe nebomvu ngaphandle koMthethosivivinywa.
Isikhathi eside, i-ProSpaika yayikhathazekile ngempilo yeSiberia, maphakathi nawo-1933 wayiphothula le ncwadi "U-Ugyaum River". Ngemuva kokuhlolisisa ngempumelelo ama-soviet cinematographs adumile, umsebenzi omkhulu wasala emlandweni amakhulu eminyaka.
Impilo eyandulelwa ngokuthuthela enhlokodolobha yasenyakatho yeRussia yaboniswa eqoqweni le-Chui kanye nenqwaba yezindatshana zemibhalo. Ngokunemba kwezithombe, umbhali uchaze umfuculu owuthandayo, uxazulule abalingiswa abaphambili emgqeni obandayo weTaiga.
Ingqikithi yamasiko abantu baseSiberia yaqhubeka encwadini ethi "Scallet Sugro" kanye ne-diaries enyatheliswa ngemuva kweMpi Yezwe II. Ngemuva kohambo lombhali kumuntu osebenza kulo, iBeshKov yacabanga ngomsebenzi wamaqhawe wezwe laleli lizwe.
Indlu enkulu kwi-Bibliography eyasungulwa ngemuva kokuthi uRachilo "izindaba zokuhlanza" - "Khrenovisuku" kanye "nokwenza umsebenzi". Ukwakha ama-biografikhi wabalingiswa, umbhali wakhombisa ithalente lenhlekisa.
Ukushona
Ngesikhathi sempi, i-vyacheslav yakovlevich isebenza nge-leningrad ye-blockade, wabhala ama-Essays angaphambili amaphephandaba ajwayelekile. Impilo, egcwele ukwesaba nokuswela, ithinte impilo yomzimba, kepha uShishkov waqhubeka nokujwayela ukukhanya ngezindaba ezibalulekile.
Ngokufana, umlobi wenza uhlaka lwenoveli engokomlando, kwadingeka ukuba ziphendukele e-Emely Pugachev. Ngemuva kokukhishwa kwevolumu yokuqala, ochwepheshe bezincwadi bahlabeka umxhwele kakhulu kangangokuba izinkulungwane zamagama athopha.
Ngeshwa, ngenxa yokufa kwezizathu ezingadalulwanga, umlobi akazange abe nesikhathi sokwenza ukuqhubeka kwencwadi mayelana neRussia Ruffer Mayelana neRussia Ruffer. Ekuqaleni kukaMashi 1945, ithuna eliseNovodevichy Cemetery labutha labo ngesikhathi sokuphila kombhali okhulunywe kakhulu.
Ukukhumbula
- Inoveli yokugcina, eyayihlala ingapheli, uShishkov wanikeza umvuzo, ngenkumbulo yabanqobi bomklomelo weStalisast edolobheni laseBezhetsk, wavula uMnyuziyamu. Igama likaVyacheslav Yakovlevich lithole umgwaqo ePushkin, kanye nezikebhe zabagibeli emifuleni yakwaLena naseYenisei.
- Ngemuva kwempi yalapho kwavela khona izindlu zokuhlalela, kwaqhamuka amafulethi omlobi, ukuhlonipha kwakhe kwasungulwa umfundaze wabafundi abakhombisa ithalente labelo. E-shishkov ethandekayo, ama-urals adala izinto zezwe, enye yazo kwakuyithrekhi, iphendukela endleleni ye-chuy.
I-Bibliography
- 1908 - "CEDAR"
- 1916 - Taiga
- Ngo-1916 - "I-ANIBERIAN"
- 1923 - "VATAGA"
- 1924 - "I-PayUp Lake"
- 1930 - "AmaWanders"
- Ngo-1932 - "Umfula i-Uyaum"
- 1942 - "Isibongo Sokuziqhenya"
- 1945 - "Emely Pugachev"