I-Biograge
IGerman Fritz Lang Cinemate Genemator isebenze e-United States of America, kumafilimu ohlobo lokukhuluma, wathola imiklomelo eminingana ehlonishwayo. Amaphrojekthi athandwa kakhulu kwakungamafilimu amnyama namhlophe amafilimu amhlophe adutshulwa nguMqondisi eHollywood maphakathi nawo-1940.Ubuntwana nentsha
UFriedrich Christian Anton Lang wazalwa ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-XIX, washaya futhi wakhuphuka emndenini waseYurophu ocebile. Okhokho, abomdabu baseMoravia, babengezizwe ezahlukahlukene, bahlala e-Austria, bamunca amasiko aboshwe ezweni.
Umama kaPaola uSchuhlaza kaPaola wayengowomphakathi omningi wamaJuda, ubaba ka-Anton wayengumKatolika, ophethe igazi elihle. Ebusheni bakhe, ukudlala umshado, indoda eyaba umakhi, ifisa ngentshiseko ukuba iguqule othandekayo nezingane.
Owesifazane wamukela ubuKristu lapho i-fritz encane eya esikoleni, futhi umndeni waqala ukuya esontweni laseVienna ngamaholide nangezimpelasonto. Ukuziphatha kwamaPherishiini ekusebenzeni komqondisi wesikhathi esizayo - expression ebuntwaneni obusencane kwakubonakala kungeyona eyemvelo futhi ehlekisayo.
Naphezu kwalokhu, umfana uthweswe iziqu esikoleni samaKatolika asendulo, wangena esikoleni esiphakeme sezobuchwepheshe sekhono lezakhiwo. Inhloko yomndeni yasiza iNdodana ukuba ithuthukise amandla okudweba umdwebo, ngakho-ke uLang waphonsa umdwebo eneminyaka engu-17.
Ehlobene nomculi, uFritz waqala ukutadisha ukupenda esikhungweni esidala saseVienna - Isikhungo se-Academy of Fine Arts. Ngemuva kwalokho wathwalwa wasebenzisa ubuciko obungaphansi kwethonya likaJulius Dita, umsebenzi wakhe wadalwa variatee yemizwa exubekile.
Ekuqaleni kweminyaka yo-1910, le nsizwa yahamba eYurophu, eParis, yavakashela izifundo zangasese uRodolfo Juliana noMaurice Denis. Ukuhlukana nendlu yabazali, lapho okuphathelene nokuziphatha okuqinile kwabusa khona, kwavunyelwa ukujwayelana nabantu abanethalente elivelele.
IMpi Yezwe Yokuqala yaphoqa uLang ukuthi abuyele ezweni lawo, ngoJanuwari 1915 wabhalisa ngokungcola kwezinsana. Ngokubamba iqhaza ezimpini ezinzima e-Italy, eRomania naseRussia, umdanso waseVienna wanikezwa imiklomelo eminingana ehlonishwayo.
Ngemuva kokulimala okungathi sína, uFriedrich ungene esibhedlela sase-Austrian. Embhedeni wesibhedlela, efa esuka ebhuthini, wabhala indaba yakhe yokuqala. Ngaphambi komhlangano omubi nabamele i-cinema yase-Europe, imisebenzi yabalobi abasebasha yayifihlekile emehlweni entengo.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Empilweni yomuntu siqu kaFritz Lang wayenomshado amathathu asemthethweni, ngaphezu kwalokho, wayenobudlelwano nabesifazane abavela kwimibuthano yamasiko. Ama-malders ama-cinematorcographs kwakunguKay Francis, uMarlene Dietrich, uMiriam Hopkins nezinye izinkanyezi zama-40s nama-50s.
Cishe akukho lutho ngowakwako wokuqala womshado waseVienna cishe, u-Elizobet Rosenthal wayengummeleli womndeni ohlakaniphile wamaJuda. Kwacatshangelwa ukuthi lowo oshade naye wazibulala, kepha lolu lwazi luphikiswa ngokuqwashisa.
Umfazi wesibili kaMqondisi waseJalimane waba yitiye tea von harboow. Ukungabikho kwezingane okuvinjelwe othandweni kube ngumndeni ogcwele. Noma kunjalo, ngokuhlangene babhala ngezimo eziningi zamafilimu, ebonwa ngokushesha ukuzijabulisa owomile ngumphakathi.
Ingcebo ejwayelekile ehlangana nayo yaqeda ubuhlobo, ngemuva kokuqedwa komshado kaLang kwaba ne-bachelor enomdlazayo. Waqala ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi phakathi konobhala wakhe, inyunyana ene-Lily Latte indoda ethembekile ngaphandle koFakazi, imfihlo.
I-cinematem cinemategate egugile yaphila ngenjabulo yaphila iminyaka yokugcina yempilo ende, umnikele wamsiza ezindabeni ezisemthethweni. Owesifazane ulinde ngesineke ukuthi ukunikezwa kwezandla nokunikezwa kwenhliziyo kusukela ekuqaleni kwawo-1930s kwaziwa kwimibuthano yamasiko.
Amafilimu
I-biography yokudala kaFritz Lang yaqala maphakathi nawo-1910, izimo zakhe zaba izisekelo zamafilimu 'isifo eFlorence "kanye" noHilla Warren nokufa ". Ukuze udlule ungene kwi-cinema yangempela yaseYurophu, umdabu onamakhono eVienna iminyaka embalwa kwadingeka ukuthi asebenze kanzima.Ngenxa yalokho, umsebenzi wakhe wokudubula waphawula abaholi be-Decma Studio, eyayisebenza lapho, i-harboow yangemuva yetiye yasiza ukushiya umhlaba wamasiko. Umsebenzi womlobi waseJalimane, umlobi we-novice ovela e-Austria isikhathi eside esetshenziswa njengephawu eliphambili.
Maphakathi no-1919, iribhoni elithi "Harakiri" lafika ezikrinini, khona-ke idrama lokunqamula "ukufa okukhathele" kanye "nezicabucabu" kwavela. Amafilimu anamahora amaningi aphezulu aphelelwe yisikhathi ngezithombe agcwele uthando lokuhlupheka nokulangazelela kothando.
Impumelelo engasho lutho yayisetshenziswa yifilimu ethe xaxa enomphenyi ogcwele mayelana ne-superman yanamuhla ebizwa nge- "Dr. Mabuz - Player". IJalimane Nizhtsa Jacques, iphrojekthi ekhanyisiwe, i-Fritz isetshenziswe ngenhloso enhle - ukufundisa isifundo emphakathini.
Ukuphumelela kwe-career master yase-Austrian kwakubhekwa njenge-Epic "Nibelung", okuyinto ngenxa yenhloso eyisisekelo eyayinezingxenye ezimbili. Ukuhlolwa kwangempela kwe-saga yasendulo yaseJalimane sekuphenduke isihloko sokunconywa kanye nengqikithi yezindatshana zamamagazini.
Ekupheleni kwama-20s, uMdali wokudala wama-movie amnyama namhlophe athule akhishwe i- "Metropolis" AntioToIa kanye ne-Cosmic Fiction "enyangeni" enyangeni ". Le midwebo yenziwa esifundeni saseJalimane futhi yathandwa kakhulu ezweni.
Ngawo-1930s, uFritz waba iphayona lohlobo lwe-Sound Nour Faa, inqubo entsha yokuqopha, wafaka isicelo esithandweni "m". Idrama ephathelene ne-maniac engenamusa, yaqanjwa kabusha ngokuthi "idolobha lifuna umbulali," waba uhlobo lokuphuma kobuso bezinhlelo ezakhiwe.
Isimo sezepolitiki esijulile eYurophu senza uLang ukuthi ashiye eMelika. EHollywood, wahlangana nabantu abaningana abathakazelayo. Abanikazi be-Studios yefilimu ephumelelayo etholakala eLos Angeles bamukele umbhali wemibono yoqobo enezingalo ezivulekile.
Ngalesi sikhathi, amafliyimu kaMqondisi kaMqondisi agcwaliswa ngemidwebo "ukufutheka", "inkonzo yokwesaba", "ukuzingela komuntu" kanye "nokuphila kunikezwa kanye." Ngenxa yetheyipu ebizwa ngokuthi "ababulali nabo bayafa!" Umlando we-Essost Narhard heydrich waba impahla yenqwaba.
Uhlobo lwe-Psychological luwuhlobo oluthandwa yi-cinemator, wamembula kuye kumafilimu "imfihlakalo ngemuva komnyango", "indlu emfuleni" kanye ne- "cloak ne-dagger". Isici esibonakalayo salezi zinhlelo ezazibelwe ngumphakathi emphakathini kwakuthathwa njengesiphetho esibuhlungu, okungekhona okwakudala.
Kuma-50s, umsebenzi ophumelelayo we-cinemator goograph wawuhlela ukwehla. Ama-Western, amadrama kanye neziphetho ezakhiwe yi-Master ngalesi sikhathi, athole ukubuyekezwa okuqondayo kwabagxeki futhi awazange awele ezilalelini "Shaya Parade".
Kuliqiniso, ensimini yeJalimane langaphambili, amateyipu amathathu ashubile ahlungwa kanye no-Arthur Brown, ethandwa ukuthandwa kwimibuthano yamasiko. "I-Eye eyizinkulungwane zikaDkt Mabuez", "Naphezu 'futhi" ithuna laseNdiya "laboniswa eYurophu ngawo-1960.
Ukushona
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, impilo ende kaLang ivakashele imfihlakalo yaseNdiya, yabe isibuyela eMelika - iye efeni elimnyama emagqumeni kaBeverly. Akuvamile ukuba zibonakale phambi kwabantu, wasebenza ngezikhumbuzo, kepha abalandeli abakubonanga lokhu kubhalwa.
Wanelisekile nge-cinema engathi sína, lo mqondisi wabuka insipho opharetha, ngemuva kwalo msebenzi, wabamba ukufa ngenxa yezizathu zemvelo. Emnyani ohlelwe ngabangane ngo-Agasti 1976, ozakwabo amaKatolika namalungu emiphakathi yamaJuda babekhona.
Izics
- 1919 - "Harakiri"
- 1924 - UNibelungi
- 1927 - "Metropolis"
- 1929 - "Owesifazane ENyanga"
- Ngo-1931 - "M" ("idolobha lifuna umbulali")
- 1933 - "UDkt. Mabue" uzokwenza "
- 1936 - "Ukufutheka"
- Ngo-1944 - "UMnyango Wesaba"
- 1946 - "Cloak ne-Dagger"
- 1948 - "Imfihlakalo Ngemuva Kwemnyango"
- Ngo-1950 - "Indlu ngasemfuleni"
- 1955 - "Munflit"
- 1956 - "Ngenkathi idolobha lilele"
- 1959 - "I-Bengal Tiger"
- 1959 - "I-Indian Tomb"
- Ngo-1960 - "Inkulungwane yamehlo kaDkt Mabuez"