I-Biograge
I-Abu-L-Evumelekile uMuhammad Ibn Ahmad al-Kurtby (Ibn Rushd) eWestern Europe yaziwa njenge-averoes. Wayengudokotela kanye nesazi sefilosofi, umsunguli we-averroism, umbhali womsebenzi we-logic, imfundiso yezengqondo, i-psychology kanye nezepolitiki.Ubuntwana nentsha
U-Ibn Rushd wazalwa ngo-Ephreli 14, 1126 edolobheni laseCordoba, eSpain. Ubaba wayeyithonya le-kadium (ijaji), ngaphansi kobuholi bakhe, indodana yafunda imfundiso yenkolo, umthetho wamaSulumane, umuthi kanye nefilosofi. Othisha base-Ibn Rushda bayenzile ososayensi abakhulu kunabo bonke bekhulu le-XII. Ama-theorist aphakamisa ukuthi i-Abu-Jafar Harun, eyayifundisa umuthi we-averroes, yathonya ulwazi lwakhe lwefilosofi. Umeluleki wayejwayelene nezimfundiso zika-Aristotle futhi wadlulisela ulwazi lwakhe lwe-Ibn Rushdu.
Le ndoda yahlanganisa ubudlelwane obunobungane nezazi ze-IBN. Ukuthi ngo-1168 wethula umngani noCaliph Abu Yakub. Ebona ukuveza okokuqala ngqa, umbusi wambuza umbuzo, noma ngabe isibhakabhaka singunaphakade noma sinomgomo othile. U-Ibn Rushd wayenamahloni, engingakwazi ukusho izwi. Ngokushesha ukungezwani kwase kuphele, kanti isazi sefilosofi sabelana ngemicabango yakhe neCalifi. Ngemuva kwalokho u-Abu Yakub wayala ukuthi anikeze ihhashi lendoda, imali nezingubo.
Esimweni esijabulisayo, u-Ibn Rushd utshele abalandeli kaninginingi, nalabo - bonke abantu. Ngenxa yalokhu, le ndaba ngesizukulwane selifinyelele kulezi zinsuku. Umbusi wanikeza i-evroes umsebenzi wokuhumusha incwadi ka-Aristotle futhi ugcine umsebenzi ngamazwana. Ngakho-ke, indoda yaba ngummeleli we-Aristotleleism empumalanga. Ukuhunyushwa kwezingcweti zefilosofi yasendulo yamaGrikhi kwafaka isandla ekusakazeni izimiso zakhe eYurophu.
EMpumalanga ye-Aristotle yakudala kwakuyisibalo esikhulu ngenxa yokuthi ifilosofi yakhe yasiza ekuqondeni imiqondo yamaSulumane. Ngakho-ke, ekuxazululeni izinkinga ze-ontology ne-gnoseology, u-Ibn Rush walandela izimfundiso zakhe. Imvamisa indoda ekuphawulweni izame ukuxazulula izingqinamba ezisele zivulekile ngemuva kokushona kwefilosofi. Lokhu kubonakala ikakhulukazi emibhalweni ethi "Mayelana Nomphefumlo" kanye "Metaphysics".
Ngo-1171, ama-adroes waba yiKadium yaseSylvia, nangemva - iCordoba. Ngemuva kweminyaka eli-11, uKhalif uqoke i-Ibn Rushda esibani. Ngemuva kokufa kombusi, u-Abu uYusuf Yakub wabuza isihlalo sobukhosi, okwathi ngo-1195 wayala ukubhujiswa kwemisebenzi yezefilosofi e-geography, izinkanyezi, izibalo, umsolwa waxoshwa endaweni yokuhlala ngaseCordoba.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
U-Ibn Rushd wayeshade, kepha akukho lwazi ngoshade naye nezingane. I-biography yefilosofi yezefilosofi iqukethe imisebenzi yesayensi egubha imininingwane ngempilo yomuntu siqu.Umsebenzi wesayensi
Le ndoda yenza umnikelo omuhle kunalokho incike ekwelashweni ngokubhala i-Colliget Encyclopedia, igama layo elihunyushwe ngokuthi "uhlelo". Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-Ibn Rushda uyincwadi ethi "ukuphikiswa kokuphikisa", elinye igama lawo "ukungahambisani nokungahambisani". Emsebenzini, umbhali waveza ukungavumelani kwakhe nezethulo zemfundisolobho yenkolo u-Al-Gazali nokubhala kwakhe "ukuphikiswa kwezazi zefilosofi", lapho kuvela khona imibono yefilosofi.
Ngemuva kokushona kuka-Adroes, abasekeli bakhe baqhubeka nokulandela umkhombandlela owabizwa nge-averloism. Inkambo yefilosofi yahunyushwa yizimfundiso zika-Aristotle, futhi u-Ibn Rushd waba umsunguli walo mqondo. Imibono esemqoka ye-averroism yayikhona eqinisweni elilodwa, elingatholwa ngefilosofi nenkolo.
U-Averroists wabeka phambili umbono weqiniso elimbaxambili. Lo mqondo uthatha ukuthi iqiniso lisenkolweni nangefilosofi. Zombili izinkomba ziyaphikisana, ngakho-ke abasekeli be-Ibn Rushda badalwa ngamaqiniso amabili azimele, ngalinye lithembekile futhi lizimele komunye nomunye.
Ukushona
Ngo-1197, uKhalif wabiza u-Ibn Rushda enkantolo. Ngesikhathi opopal, impilo yefilosofi yahlupheka. Ngemuva konyaka, i-averroest yafa eMorocco. Imbangela ngqo yokufa komuntu akwaziwa. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezi-3, umzimba wakhe ngesicelo sezihlobo uthunyelwe eCordVo. Ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe, wakwazi ukufaka isandla kwisayensi yemvelo, ifilosofi, imfundiso yezenkolo, psychology.Ukukhumbula
- Ngo-1947 - Incwadi ethi "Isesha Averoes", Umlobi uJorge Louis Bruheses
- Ngo-1976 - Inyunyana yamazwe omhlaba eyabelwe igama elithi Ibn Rushda Kratera ohlangothini olubonakalayo lwenyanga
- 1997 - Ifilimu Yokuwathola (Umqondisi yusef shahin), etshela ngempilo ye-Ibn Rushda
- Ngo-1998 - IFilosopher Foundation, yasungulwa umklomelo wonyaka we-Ibn Rushda umzabalazo wentando yeningi nenkululeko yokucabanga ezweni lamaSulumane
I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1902 - "Ukubonisana, okwenza isinqumo maqondana nobudlelwano phakathi kwenkolo nefilosofi. Isengezo. Ukubhuka ngezindlela zokuvula ze-PREGRUCTION DOGEM CORCT ROCT »
- 1930 - "Thola Ukuphikisa"
- Ngo-1947 - "Ukuphaphama kwe-Metaphysics"
- 1947 - "Amapheshana"
- 1950 - "Ukuphawula okuphakathi encwadini ethi" Mayelana Nomphefumlo ""
- 1960 - "Ukubonisana ngokuthi kungenzeka kube yingxenye ye-intelligence yezinto ezibonakalayo zomqondo osebenzayo"
- Ngo-1967 - "Ukuphawula okuphakathi kuya eRetoric" "