UVictor Franc - isithombe, i-biography, impilo yomuntu siqu, imbangela yokufa, isazi sezengqondo, udokotela wezengqondo

I-Biograge

Isiphetho kwesinye isikhathi sithumela owesilisa lapho, lapho yena futhi kuphela angasiza abanye abantu. Lapho i-trolleybus yehlela eResevan Reservoir ngo-1976, ubufakazi besigameko esibuhlungu kwakuwumpetha wesikhathi esiyisikhombisa we-USSR eScuba Swimming Chamber Karpetan. Ngenxa yobuqhawe namakhono ezemidlalo, abanikazi bamarekhodi abagibeli abangu-20 basindiswa. Eminyakeni engu-33 ngaphambi kwalokhu, udokotela wezifo zengqondo kanye nodokotela wezengqondo, onguchwepheshe ekuvikeleni ukuzibulala uvimbele uViktor Frankl, wayeseduzane neziboshwa zekamu lokuhlushwa.

Ubuntwana nentsha

Umsunguli we-logotherapy wazalwa ngoMashi 26, 1905 enhlokodolobha ye-Austria-Hungary. UVictor Emil wayengowesibili wezingane ezintathu emndenini wesikhulu senkonzo yokuvikelwa kwezenhlalo yaseGabriyeli Frankl nomkakhe u-Elza. Bazali bedokotela bezengqondo, udadewabo omdala nodadewabo omncane ngobuzwe kwakungamaJuda.

Impi yokuqala kamama uVictor wazizwa e-cafe "siller", futhi wabonakala ngenxa yokukhanya futhi wasebenzisa ubungane uFrankon endlini 6 eStreet Chernin. Ngomgwaqo, endlini 7 emgaqweni ofanayo, udokotela wezifo zengqondo, umsunguli wesikole sesibili saseVienna Alfred Adler.

Shumeka kusuka ezithombeni ezifuywayo

Umama kaVictor wakhumbula njengowesifazane onenhliziyo enomusa enomusa, futhi izici eziyinhloko zikaYise zazithembekile nokuqonda. UGabriel wayeshukumisa ngokushesha futhi wake wathukuthela u-Rummy waphula umhlane wendodana encane yendodana. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yobulungiswa bendoda nokuzethemba kwakhe emabuthweni abo, wonke amalungu omndeni ayephila ngomqondo wokulondeka.

Eminyakeni engu-3, ​​uVictor wayefuna ukuba udokotela. Ngemuva konyaka, umfana watshela abazali bakhe ukuthi beza nendlela yokwenza imithi. Ngakho-ke, ngokusho uFrankl oneminyaka engu-4 ubudala, kwakudingeka ukuthola abantu abanqume ukuhlukana nokuphila ngakho-ke bagule. Ingane yancoma ukuthi ukuzibulala okungenzeka "kwezidakamizwa" njengophethiloli no-gutalina. Lokho kusho ukuthi ngemuva kokwamukela isiguli esizoliphulukisa, futhi kukhona umuthi.

Lapho sebekhulile, indawo enhle empilweni kaVictor yathatha umdlalo wokusebenza kwama-amateur owabeka umfowabo. Ngisho nangaphambi kokuphothulwa kwe-Gymnasium, le nsizwa yabhala "i-psychology yokucabanga kwefilosofi." Imfundo ephakeme uFranklis etholwe kwi-Medical Fakty yeNyuvesi yaseVienna. I-Neurology ne-Psychory yaba ngubuchwepheshe bodokotela osemusha.

Impilo yomuntu siqu

Ikhethini ebudlelwaneni bemfihlo bobuzocansi bobulili babazalwane uFrankli bavula incekukazi, evumele eyentwasambili ukuba imsuse emzimbeni. Ezifundweni zesikole esiphakeme, uVictor wacabanga ukuthi, washada, wayezoyeka ukulala ukuze achithe wonke amahora wobusuku ngenjabulo yempilo yomuntu siqu.

Ekupheleni kuka-1941, udokotela washada noMhlengikazi wakhe uTilly Grosser. Ngokushesha lona wesifazane wakhulelwa, kodwa esimweni sokucindezelwa okukhulayo ngakuwo amaJuda, abashadikazi bancamela ukukhipha isisu. UTilly, njengabazali nomfowethu, uViktor, ababuyanga emakamu okuhlushwa amaFascist. Uthando ngomkakhe nezingxoxo ezingokomfanekiso naye wasekelwa ngezikhathi ezinzima kakhulu zokuboshwa. Incwadi ye-Psychologist "Doctor kanye nomphefumulo" inikezelwe "ku-Deady Thilly".

Shumeka kusuka ezithombeni ezifuywayo

Ngo-1947, uVictor wathatha u-Eleonor Catarina Schwindt, wahlala kuwo waze waphela impilo yakhe. Abashadikazi baphathwa ngenhlonipho ezinkolweni zomunye nomunye, bendawonye esontweni nasesinagogeni, begubha uKhisimusi kanye ne-purim.

Indodakazi kamuva yaba udokotela wezengqondo wezingane, uVictor no-Eleanor babiza udokotela kaGabriel ukuhlonipha uYise. UFranklie wakwazi ukubamba iqhaza ekukhulisweni kwabazukulu bakaKatharina no-Alexander futhi babone amadlelo e-Anna Victoria.

Isazi sezengqondo sasihlonipha ikofi eqinile namathayi. Onke uhambo lwathatha amaphilisi we-caffeine uma kwenzeka i-cafe izokwazi ukubheka isiphuzo esinamandla. UTrankli uFrankli wancoma amafasitela esitolo, ngisho nasezimweni lapho kwakungeke ziwathenge.

UVictor waqamba umculo (ama-Elegy kanye nemiculo ku-Rhythm Tango). Usosayensi waqonda kahle ezinhlangeni (ezithombeni eziningi isazi sefilosofi zibanjwa ezingilazini), zazibonga amahlaya kanye nomdlalo wamagama, nezinkulumo ezihlotshiswe ngamabhayisekili namahlaya.

Umsebenzi wesayensi

Eminyakeni yama-20 ekhulu lama-20, uFrankl uthuthukise uhlelo lokuxhaswa ngokwengqondo kwabafundi. Kusukela ngo-1933, kwaholwa ngudokotela osemusha ngumnyango wokuvimbela ukuzibulala komunye wemitholampilo yaseVienna. Ngenxa yosizo lwengqondo lukaFrankl, abesifazane abacishe babe yizinkulungwane ezingama-30 basusa imicabango mayelana nokuzibulala.

Ngemuva kwe-anchles yase-Austria, uHitler, odokotela abangamaJuda banqatshelwe ukuphatha iziguli ze-Ariyan. Ngo-1938-1939, uFrankli wahlanganyela emkhubathweni wangasese, kwathi ngo-1940 walibhekisa uMnyango we-Neurological of the Rothschild Clinic - okuwukuphela kwalo, lapho amaJuda avunyelwe ukuphathwa khona. UViktor bekufanele asebenze hhayi udokotela wezifo zengqondo, kodwa futhi ne-neurosurgeon.

Ngo-1941, kwamenyelwa owesilisa e-US Consulate futhi wanikeza i-visa yaseMelika. Udokotela wenqabile: Wayengafuni ukuhamba ngaphandle kosizo lwabazali asebekhulile. Indawo yokuqala yesiphelo sikaVictor saba uTeresienstadt eCzech Republic, lapho awela khona ekwindla ka-1942 nalapho unina nobaba wakhe esevele bekhona.

Kwakuyinkampamba eyisibonelo yokuthi amaNazi abizelwe impesheni yamaJuda asebekhulile futhi akhombise amakhomishini e-Red Cross. ETeresienstadt, isinagoge lisebenze, kwenziwa umsebenzi kanye nemibukiso.

Imfihlo ethi "humanism" yamaNazi yayilula - iziboshwa 'zempesheni eyisibonelo' ekugcineni eyathunyelwa emakamu okufa. Ngakho-ke kwaphuma umama kaFrankl, owashona e-Auschwitz. Ngo-Okthoba 1944, uVictor waphinde wathumela e-Auschwitz, kodwa ngesonto wadluliselwa eTürheim - elinye lamakamu ohlelo lweDahau.

Shumeka kusuka ezithombeni ezifuywayo

Kuzo zonke izindawo zokuphetha, isiboshwa sasinazo ezinye iziboshwa zenze umsebenzi osindayo womzimba, ikakhulukazi, ojantshi babeka. Kepha kusihlwa, uDkt uphulukisa umphefumulo wabalingani bakhe eMisforeune basize ukuthola impendulo embuzweni owenzayo manje okushiwo impilo yabo, wawunxusa ngokuzijabulisa kanye nengqondo.

Udokotela wafundisa indlela yokubopha ye-Autotraining - bame bamelela ukuthi zonke izivivinyo zizodlula kanjani futhi zihlangane nemindeni yazo. Ngolwazi lwasodwa kanye nesipiliyoni sezinye iziboshwa, uFrankl wafinyelela esiphethweni sokuthi "uzosho ukuthi" unkulunkulu ongaqondile "wawo wonke umuntu omsizayo wayophila futhi alondoloze isithunzi. UVictor uchaze lo mbono encwadini ethi "Indoda ifuna okushiwo" neminye imisebenzi.

Ngo-Ephreli 27, 1945, uNankllé nezinye iziboshwa ezisindayo zikaTürheim bakhulula amabutho ase-US. Kakade ngo-1946, usosayensi waveza umbono wokubuyisana. Udokotela wezengqondo wenqabe umbono wesibopho esihlangene sabantu baseJalimane ukuba babe nobuNazi. Ngokwezinkumbulo zikaFrankl, phakathi konogada wekamu, ngaphandle kwabadabuki nabaculi abangenandaba, kukhona uSabota wemiyalo yezobugebengu, ukwenza kube lula empilweni yeziboshwa.

Kusukela ngo-1946 kuya ku-1971, uVictor walingisa umtholampilo weVienna Psychotherapeutic. Phakathi kwezindlela ze-psychotherapy ezenziwe nge-Franklom - Ukwelashwa okuvela okuphambene (iziguli ezikhohlwa ngokushesha imininingwane ehlongozwayo ukuze kube ngumhlaba wonke okhohlwe umhlaba, kanye ne-logoTotherapy (iziguli eziphefumulelwe, zisebenza kahle kakhulu kunalokho Eqinisweni, futhi kancane kancane abantu baba ngcono).

Ukushona

UFrankOn ushone ngoSepthemba 2, 1997. Imbangela yokufa kososayensi isiphenduke ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo. Ithuna leqembu elijwayelekile le-Humanistic Psychology litholakala engxenyeni ye-Staro-Injini yeCentral Cemetery yaseVienna.Shumeka kusuka ezithombeni ezifuywayo

UViktor Frank Frankl Museum uvulelwe enhlokodolobha yase-Austria usuku lokugubha iminyaka engu-110 lososayensi. NgoFebhuwari 2019, isithombe sodokotela wezengqondo oqoshwe ngohlamvu lwemali lwesikhumbuzo lesithunzi se- € 50 esikhishwe ezikoleni zaseVienna ochungechungeni lwezengqondo.

Ngo-2015, esiteshini se-TV saseRussia "Isiko" ochungechungeni oluthi "izindaba ezisebhayibhelini" lwaphuma ifilimu "uViktor Frank. "Isikhathi sesikhathi sokuphila" yebo "!". Ngo-Agasti 2018, ikhathuni yemizuzu engu-3 ngama-biografikhi kanye nemfundiso yesiboshwa sangaphambilini sase-Uzwitzim yasuswa kwiCongress World for Logoware eMoscow. Abadali beteyipu baphefumulelwe yiNcwadi kaFrankl "Ake ungitshele impilo" Yebo! ". Isazi sezengqondo ekamu lokuhlushwa. "

Amacaphuna

• "Ekugcineni, Nkulunkulu, uma kunjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu, ungumuntu omuhle kunalokho okholelwa kukho noma cha."
• "Uma ukubuza ngokuthile, kufanele uphendule ngokweqiniso ngangokunokwenzeka, kodwa mayelana nokuthi yini engabuzwanga, kungcono ukuthula."
• "Akekho onelungelo lokudingeka ukucatshangelwa, nalowo owayephethwe yithemba futhi wahlupheka kakhulu."
• "Injabulo ifana novemvane - lapho ngikwazi khona imali, kulapho kunwebeka khona. Kepha uma ukuhlehlisa ukunaka kwakho kwezinye izinto, kuzofika futhi kuthambekele kuwe ethuneni. "
• "Isimo esinzima kunazo zonke sinikeza umuntu ithuba lokuziphakamisa ngaphakathi naye."

I-Bibliography

• Ngo-1946 - "Isikhathi sesikhathi sokuphila" yebo ": udokotela wezengqondo ekamu lokuhlushwa"
• 1946 - "Izisekelo ze-Logotherapy"
• Ngo-1947 - "I-Psychotherapy ekusebenzeni"
• Ngo-1948 - "Inkolo ye-Psychotherapy nenkolo"
• Ngo-1949 - "Umuntu Ufuna Umqondo"
• 1955 - "Doctory Nomphefumlo"
• Ngo-1956 - "Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Logoware kanye nokuhlaziywa okukhona: Imibhalo nezinkulumo"
• 1956 - "Ithiyori nokwelashwa kwe-neurosis: Isingeniso ku-Logowareapy kanye nokuhlaziywa okukhona"