UMichel Fouco - Isithombe, I-Biography, Impilo Yakho, Imbangela Yokufa, Isazi Sefilosofi, Psychoanalystst

I-Biograge

UMichel Foucault waba yisibalo esikhanyayo sesiko laseFrance ngokungena emgqeni owodwa ngezibalo ezinjengoJacques Derrida, uJean-Paul Sartre, Roland Bart nabanye. Umsebenzi wezesayensi nowezamasiko, imibono esemqoka yomcwaningi yaba nomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwefilosofi yanamuhla, kube nomthelela kwezengqondo, ukugxekwa kwemibhalo.

Ubuntwana nentsha

Usosayensi wazalwa ngo-Okthoba 15, 1926 kwabazingeli. Ubaba, njengawokubili umkhulu, wahlanganyela ekuhlinzeni. Nokho, ngokomugqa kababa, amadoda ayegqoka igama likaPawulu, ingane ayithandi umzali ngenxa yemvelo yakhe edelelekile, yazibiza ngokuthi uMichel. Ngaphezu kwakhe, umndeni kaFrancin nomfowabo omncane weDenis bakhuliswa emkhayeni.

Ngiseyingane, i-Foucault yafunda eLyceum kaHeinrich VI, kwathi ngo-1940 wathuthela eSt. Stanislav College. Njengoba etholile ngo-1943th izinga leBachelor, le nsizwa yaqala amalungiselelo ezivivinyo zokwazisa esikoleni esijwayelekile kakhulu. Ebusheni bakhe, waba nentshisekelo ngefilosofi, wathola imisebenzi kaGeorge Gegel, uFriedrich Nietzsche, uCharles Jung nabanye abacabangi.

Ngo-1946, kwadlula ngokuqhakaza izivivinyo zokwethulwa, uMichelle waba ngumfundi. Ngesikhathi sezifundo zakhe, le nsizwa yahlangana nezimfundiso ezintsha kwezengqondo yezenhlalo, i-psychopathology. Njengengxenye yezifundo, umFulentshi wavakashela esibhedlela esingcwele u-Ana nezinye izikhungo zokuphola ngenxa yokugula ngengqondo, ubukele indlela yokuziphatha kweziguli.

Impilo yomuntu siqu

Impilo yomuntu siqu e-biography yefilosofi yagcwala. Ngenkathi esengumfundi, le nsizwa yaqala ukubonakala ubungqingili bakhe. Lokhu kutholwa kuqala ama-michels akunzima ukukhathazeka, waze wazama ukuzibulala. Kepha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, umFulentshi waqala ukuzizwa ezolile ukubona isimo sakhe esingajwayelekile.

Ekuqaleni kwama-50s, i-Foucault yaqala uthando olunesivunguvungu noJean Barrak. Ubudlelwano bomcabangi kanye nomculi, owayebhekana nokokuqala njengobungani obulula, wahlala kuze kube ngu-1955, lapho i-Wisososer eya eSweden. Ukuba sekwehlukanisweni kwabathandekayo, uMichelle wathumela nsuku zonke ethandweni eliphelele lemiyalezo.

Kodwa-ke, ngo-1956, uJean wathumela incwadi ebika ngayo ukuthi wahlukana naye. Ngo-1960, usosayensi wabuyela eFrance. Lapha ukuphela kwamlethela ezinsizweni ezigama linguDaniel defer. Imizwa yayihlangene futhi yagcinwa kuze kube sekufeni kwefilosofi. Ngasikhathi sinye, amadoda ayengabasekeli bobudlelwano obuvulekile futhi aqala amanoveli ohlangothini.

Umsebenzi wesayensi

Eminyakeni engama-50, usosayensi wakhuluma njengomfundisi esikoleni esiphakeme kakhulu. Izinkulumo uMichel adale inzalo phakathi kwabafundi. Phakathi kwazo kwakunguJacques Derrid, kamuva owaba ummeleli weSikole Sokuvunyelwa kabusha. Kamuva waphawula ikhono lomlomo wesipika. Ngokufana, uthuthuka esifundweni se-Psychology nefilosofi, i-Foucault yaqala ukubhala umsebenzi wesayensi wokuqala.

Engxenyeni yesibili yama-50s, umFulentshi wathola isimemo esivela eyunivesithi yaseSweden. Njengoba esehambile, owesilisa wenza amakilasi aseFrance nezincwadi. Lapha ososayensi baqala ukubhala ukubhala. Imisebenzi yokufundisa yaqhubeka eWarsaw, eHamburg, okwathi ngemuva kwalokho ifenisofi yabuyela eParis.

Ngo-1961, uMichel wavikela umsebenzi we-dissertation "Madness neNerazumia. Umlando wobuhlanya esikhathini sakudala. " Engxenyeni yesibili yeminyaka engama-60s, esedlule ngemuva kokudonswa eTunisia, kwaqala ukufunda izinkulumo zasenyuvesi zasendaweni ngobuciko kanye nobuhle bokupenda kwasentshonalanga. Enye yazo "Painting Mana" - kamuva yashicilelwa ngefomethi yokuphrinta.

Emisebenzini yokuqala yezesayensi "Amagama Nezinto" kanye "nokwakhiwa kwemivubukulo", isazi sefilosofi esenziwa njengesakhiwo. Kule misebenzi, ukuhlaziya umkhathi wesikhala esikhaleni, le ndoda yasebenzisa ukuzimisela okwenziwe yiyo, umngcele i-Utopia ne-anti-nightpia.

Kodwa-ke, kamuva wenqaba imibono yalolu qondiso. Onentshisekelo enkulu kusosayensi kwakuyizinkinga zobudlelwano bezinkatho zohlu lozalo nobugebengu. Encwadini ethi "Songa futhi ujezise: Ukuzalwa kukajele" kuchaza ukuvela kwezikhungo zasejele, kukhombisa ukuthi amaqiniso endalo ngayinye ashintsha kanjani ukulethwa komphakathi ngokubulawa.

Kusukela maphakathi nawo-1970 kwathi ngo-1984, uMichel wadala umsebenzi omkhulu "umlando wobulili". Amacebo oMcwaningi achithe amavolumu ayisithupha, kodwa akwazile ukushicilela abathathu kuphela. Isazi sefilosofi sibheka izinkinga zesimo sengqondo sezitezi ezivela kumaphuzu ahlukene okubukwa, ukuhlaziya njengamandla, izidingo zomuntu ngamunye (izidingo 'zokuzinakekela ngokwakho "), amaqiniso omlando akha imibono ethile ngalezi zinkinga.

Ekuqaleni kwama-80s, uMichelle wafundza e-De France College, eyayidedelwa ephrintiwe. Phakathi kwabo, "Hermenevics of the ndaba", "Izinkulumo ngentando ukwazi" nabanye. Njengomuntu onesikhundla sezepolitiki esisebenzayo, ososayensi wabhala izindatshana ezikhuluma ngomphakathi, ikakhulukazi umsebenzi "wezingcweti namandla". Isazi sezengqondo sasithanda nemibhalo ye-Sartre, izingqikithi zokufunda kabusha kwezwe.

Akukho sawo olwamanje phakathi kwabagxeki banamuhla, noma uFouco wayengu-postmodern. Eminye imibono ebekwe emibhalweni yeFrance, ibaqonde lo mkhuba wombhalo kanye nomlobi, amakhodi kanye nezinkulumo eduze kwendoda enabantu abamele ama-aesthetics. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, isazi sefilosofi asibopha ngezindawo ezithile, sifuna izindlela ezintsha zolwazi lwempilo.

Ukushona

Kanye ngonyaka nesigamu ngaphambi kokushona kukaMichel ukunqoba izizwe ezibuhlungu, umkhuhlane, kwavela ukukhwehlela owomile. Ngokwamaphingo ososayensi, le ndoda yagula nge-AIDS, kepha ukuxilongwa okusemthethweni akuzange kulethe udokotela. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukudonswa kwakwale kusondele. NgokukaDaniel, kusukela ngasekupheleni kuka-1983, isazi sefilosofi sayazi ukuthi maduze uzofa.

Izinyanga ezisele zomcwaningi zinikezele emsebenzini, zabhala umqulu we-4 "umlando wobulili". Ekuqaleni kukaJuni, umFulentshi washaya umtholampilo, lapho kwakubanjwa khona inkambo yokwelashwa. Kwakunokuthuthuka kwesikhashana, kodwa ngoJuni 25, i-Foucault yadlula. Imbangela yokufa iba nezinkinga ezibangelwa lesi sifo. Usosayensi wangcwatshwa emathuneni aseVandeur-Duito, lapho amathuna abazali bakhe akhona.

Amacaphuna

• "Ikhanda liphenduka inqwaba, kepha sekuvele manje."
• "Yekani ukuba yi-madman - kusho ukunqoba, avume ukuthola impilo yakho, ukubona ubunikazi be-biographic ehlongozwayo, yeka ukujabulela ukugula kwakho."
• "Indlela evela kumuntu nje kumuntu weqiniso elele ekuhlanyeni komuntu."
• "Sazi kahle ngezikhathi zokulima kangangokuba igama libonakaliswa ukungabikhona kwalokho kusho ukuthi kusho ukuthini."
• "IMarxism incishisiwe yaba izidumbu zezimfundiso ukuze ilimaze ukuguquguquka okubucayi, ukuvuleleka."

I-Bibliography

• Ngo-1961 - "Umlando Wobuhlanya E-Classical Epoch"
• Ngo-1963 - "Ukuzalwa komtholampilo: Imivubukulo yokubukeka kwezokwelapha"
• Ngo-1966 - "Amagama Nezinto"
• Ngo-1969 - "Imivubukulo Yolwazi"
• 1975 - "Bhala bese ujezisa"
• Ngo-1976 - "Will Offition Ulwazi"
• 1984 - "Ukusetshenziswa Kwenjabulo"
• 1984 - "Zinakekele"