UJacques Lacan - isithombe, i-biography, impilo yomuntu siqu, imbangela yokufa, i-psychoanalyst

I-Biograge

UJacques Lacan waba odumile njengomfundi kanye nalowo ozongena esikhundleni semibono kaSigmund Freud. UmFrance owaqala njengodokotela wezengqondo, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi waba nentshisekelo nge-psychoanalysis nefilosofi, eyamlethela udumo lomcabangi ogqame kakhulu futhi usosayensi wenza isayensi yomphefumlo womuntu ngekhulu lama-20. Umnikelo wendoda ube yi-psychology ejulile uqinisekiswa yiqiniso lokuthi i-Orthodox Psychoanalysis ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi igama elithi "Freudism-Lakanism".

Ubuntwana nentsha

UJacques Marie Emil Lacan wazalwa ngo-Ephreli 13, 1901 enhlokodolobha yaseFrance. Indlu lapho ingane yakhuliswa khona, yayinezizukulwane ezintathu zaseLakanov: Kwakukhona umkhulu nogogo, owayexhumene nokuhweba zonke izimpilo zabo. Abazali u-Alfred no-Emily baletha indodana emasikweni amaKhoko amaKatolika. Ubaba wasebenza njengomphathi wezezimali, futhi umama wakhe wazinikela ekukhuliseni izingane.

Indawo yokuqala yokufunda kwakuyikolishi Jesuit laseSt. Stanislav lomfana. ULacan wavakashela lesi sikole esizimele kusukela eneminyaka eyisithupha futhi wazibonakalisa njengomfundi onesiphiwo onikezwe kalula zonke izinto. Kakade ngineminyaka engu-14, umfana waba nentshisekelo ngefilosofi, enesifiso esikhethekile sokujula ezimisweni zokuziphatha zikaPhenedict Spinoza.

Ukungena eNyuvesi, uJacques wazinikezela eMithini, ekhetha i-Psytiary njengobuchwepheshe. Ngalesi sikhathi, le nsizwa ihlangana nothisha uGaetan Clorambo, izifundo zabo ezazingama-paranoia, automatism azenzakalelayo kanye nokungenangqondo. Le ndoda yaba yisibonelo someluleki weqiniso wensizwa ethile, egxile ngokugcwele ngendaba yokutadisha futhi ekwazi ukuthelela abanye ekuthandeni kwayo.

Ebusheni bakhe, uLacan wakhathazeka ngenkinga yokukholwa nokwenqaba imibono yenkolo edlule. Ujule ekufundweni kwefilosofi evela ku-Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz kuya eKarl Marx. I-University of Jacques yathola iziqu ngo-1931, lapho isithole okukhethekile kodokotela wezengqondo. Ngemuva konyaka, isiFulentshi savikela umbono wakhe onikezelwe ku-paranoid psychosis, lapho kukhonjiswa khona ukuboniswa kwakhe kwezokwelapha, ifilososofical ne-psychosopalytic. Lo msebenzi wanyatheliswa kumamagazini wesayensi futhi wamthinta kakhulu umculi u-El Salvador DALI, owabhala i-Rounder Canvas "ngokwenza izizathu zakhe ngokwezizathu zakhe ngokwezizathu zakhe.

Impilo yomuntu siqu

Impilo yomuntu siqu ye-Psychoanalyst ayinakubizwa ngokuthi isicefe. Ngokokuqala ngqa, uJacques eshadile ngo-1934, umkakhe waba uMarie-Louise Blondden. Izingane ezimbili zazalwa emshadweni - indodakazi kaCarolina no-Ton Tibo. Kodwa-ke, le ndoda ibingeyona into engumdlangi futhi eyisibonelo yomndeni. Wayethanda abesifazane abahle, phakathi kwabo ababevame ukuthandwa ngabalingisi. Phakathi kwazo kwakunguSylvia Batay - unkosikazi wombhali nomngani uLakan George Batha. Ngo-1941, owesifazane wabeletha i-Jets yendodakazi ye-psychoanalyst.

Isikhathi eside, isazi sefilosofi sakwazile ukufihla uthando oluyimfihlo nengane ethosiwe emndenini. UJacques washada noSylvia ngo-1953, lapho owakwakho okokuqala washona. Indodakazi encane yendoda yakhetha uJacques - umyeni ka-Alena Miller - umlandeli othembekile kababa nelungu elivelele lesikole se-Lakan Psychoanalytic. Ngemuva kokushona kukaLakana, umkhwenyana waba ngummeleli wakhe walowo walowo obhekene nokuhlela nokushicilela izincwadi ezibusayo.

Umsebenzi wesayensi

Fakisa izimfundiso zikaFreud maphakathi nawo-1920s, uLacan waba ummeleli ovelele we-psychoanaanalysis yesakhiwo. Umuntu waseFrance wayengeyena umlandeli ongacabangi wethiyori, kepha wafundwa indlela yokucwaninga ngamabhuku angaguquki. Ubenza abazibandakanya ekufundeni ukudluliselwa - indlela yokuphindaphinda okwedlule ekwakhiweni kwamanje, okungazi lutho kwangaphambili. Ngaphansi kwethonya lezolimo zikaGeorge Gegel, ubuqambi bezingcweti ze-Surreal, ukusesha kwezilimi ze-Ferdinand de Sosurira kanye nenoveli uJacobson, i-Frenchman izame ukubuyekeza indlela eya kwisayensi yomphefumlo womuntu.

UJacques walwa ngempumelelo nokuhunyushwa okunganele kwe-Freuddism kanye nezindlela eziphelelwe yisikhathi ezisetshenziswa kwi-Psychiatry. Umqondo oyinhloko kwakuwumfundiso wokuba khona kwezinhlaka ezingabonakali ezakha umphakathi namasiko. Ukungazi lutho ngoLakan kubonakaliswa ngolimi nasekukhulumeni, ngakho-ke usosayensi wazama ukuphatha nokuthola nokugula kwengqondo - ekukhathazekeni okungazi lutho ku-psychosis enzima - ngokuzijwayeza okuguqukayo.

Ngaphezu kokutadisha inkinga yokukhuluma, umFunnman wabaqonda ngokoqobo ngezisongo ze-Borromeo, lapho eyokuqala ingokoqobo, okwesibili kungokomfanekiso, kanti okwesithathu kungukulinganisa okungokoqobo. Ukucabangisisa ngezigaba ezintathu ze-jacques ezichazwe emsebenzini we- "Base Igama". Ubuqotho bokutadisha udokotela wezengqondo kwaba yinto yesifiso sesifiso, uLacan akazange asilinganise nezidingo nangezinkanuko, futhi wathola imvelo eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kulo - ukungafundile, akukwazi ukugcwala.

UJacques wabhala kancane, iningi le-bibliography yakhe limelelwa ukwethulwa kwamasemina alwenziwa ngaphambi kwezilaleli. Hlukanisa izincwadi ezimele ezivela kumlobi weyunithi, ochungechungeni lwabo "umsebenzi kanye nomkhakha wokukhuluma nolimi ku-psychoanalysis" kanye "nokungabi nalutho nokwakheka kukaNkulunkulu".

Ukushona

Eminyakeni yamuva, uLacan uhlangabezane nezinkinga ezinkulu zempilo. AmaFulentshi atholakala enomdlavuza wekoloni, futhi adluliselwa ngo-1978 lo msebenzi wanikeza umphumela wesikhashana. Usosayensi waqhubeka nokubhala, funda izinkulumo futhi edlalwa eminyakeni engama-78 ubudala, emi phambi kwezithameli zabantu abangama-800 kwelinye izwe nesigamu, lapho kuzwakala izwi lomuntu lihlanzekile futhi linamandla. Isithombe salesosikhathi sikhombisa ukuthi umcwaningi wawugcwele amandla.

Ngeminyaka yama-1980, ama-jacques ahlushwa, lapho atholakala khona endlini yendodakazi encane. Waqhubeka nokuhlushwa izinkinga namathumbu, nasekuweni kwango-1981 kwafakwa owesilisa emtholampilo kaHartmann eNeya-Sur-Sen-Sen-Sen-Sen-Sen. Septhemba 9 Lakan akazange. Imbangela yokufa yayihluleka ukwehluleka kwe-renal, yathuthukiswa ngemuva kokususwa kwezimila eziphuthumayo. Ithuna le-psychoanalyst lisendaweni yamathuna ye-hitrakur, hhayi kude nokubuka kuqala kwe-LA, lapho kwakukhona khona indlu yezwe lakhe.

Amacaphuna

• "Ukuhlaziywa kuhleleke kahle okungenamsoco."
• "Konke ukugcwala kubonakaliswa ngumuntu - akukho bukhali esikhaleni sokukhishwa."
• "Ngicabanga ukuthi lapho, lapho angikho, futhi ngikhona, lapho angicabangi khona."
• "Super - ngimane nje ngiyinkulumo engasho lutho."
• "Ithemu uLivido lisebenza, eqinisweni, ukubonakaliswa komqondo wokuhlekisa, okufaka umbono wokulingana, mayelana nohlobo lwe-metabolism yezithombe."

I-Bibliography

• "Emhlangothini Nokwakheka KwakaNkulunkulu"
• 1953 - "Umsebenzi kanye nensimu yokukhuluma nolimi ku-Psychoanalysis"
• Ngo-1954 - "Isebenza iFreud ngenqubo ye-psychoanalysis"
• 1955 - "Mina" emcabangweni kaFreud kanye nenqubo ye-Psychoanalysis "
• Ngo-1957 - "Isibonelo izincwadi ezingazi lutho noma isiphetho somqondo ngemuva kweFreud"
• 1958 - "Imfundo Azizi lutho"
• 1960 - "Ukuziphatha kwe-psychoanalysis"
• Ngo-1963 - "Amagama - Baba"
• Ngo-1963 - "Ukukhathazeka"
• Ngo-1964 - "Imiqondo emine eyisisekelo ye-psychoanalysis"
• 1970 - "Ukubhala kwe-psychoanalysis"