I-Biograge
Izincwadi eziphindwe kabili ze-pseudonymes zazi okuningi. U-Alexey Peshkov waba yiMaxim Gorky, ecabanga ngegama eliqanjiwe nekusasa lakhe eliqinile, kanye nesiqondiso esikhulu sobuciko. Uhlobo lwendlela uTeffi avele ngayo, uNadezhda Buchinsky uchazwe endabeni ehlukile, okukhombisa ukuthi "igama lesidlaliso" lathathwa ukuhlonipha "isiwula esinye" Steffy. Ngokuqondene no-Evgeny Skurko, waguqulwa waba ithangi eliphakeme ngezizathu ezimbili. Okokuqala, ngoba amagama azo zonke izinhlobo zezimbali nezilwane asevele ahlangene, kanti okwesibili, igama elithi "ithangi" lihlotshaniswa nethangi - ifomu lenkondlo yaseJapan.Ubuntwana nentsha
Ngosuku lwe-17 lwekwindla lomnyakazo we-1912 (ngesitayela esisha), abashadikazi - abalimi beSkirko, abahlala epulazini Pilkovschina (manje idolobhana lisesifundeni saseMinks se-Minsk esifundeni saseMinsk waseBelarus), indodana kaZhenya yazalwa. Kuyaziwa ukuthi wayenodadewethu ababili, ukholo noLyudmila, kanye noMfowethu Fedor.
Ubaba u-Ivan Fedorovich wahlikihla umnotho ocebile, wenza izinyosi zokuzalela, wenza umsebenzi we-fitter, wathunga amabhuzu akhe, wafunda idiploma futhi ngokuvamile wayenendoda ekhaliphile. UMalume waphila waya emazweni aphesheya, wayazi izilimi ezintathu zakwamanye amazwe, ezahlukaniswa ngomuthi wezilwane ngisho ne-hypnosis enobunikazi. Amakhono avela ekhanda lomndeni adluliswa ePhotholifa - elawulwa ngokusobala ngokuluka okukhulu kwebhasikidi futhi impilo yonke ayiphenduki kumakhenikha noma ngogesi.
"Umbono kababa kababa, kanye nengane, wabulala amaJalimane epulazini lethu ngesikhathi sempi. ULyudmila uthweswe iziqu kwi-Medical Institute, wasebenza njengodokotela eMadel. Washada neJazepa yeMbewu, basanda kwethula uBaba. Umfowabo kaFedor uFedor wasebenza eMinsk esitshalweni sogandaganda. Abafowethu nodadewabo bakaBaba base beshonile, "iNdodana yoSaziwayo ngonyaka ka-2012 yabiwa ngamaqiniso e-biography.Impi yezwe yokuqala yaphoqa umndeni ukuba athuthele eMoscow, futhi ukubuyela ezweni lakubo kwenzeka ngo-1922 kuphela. Imbongi yesikhathi esizayo ikwazile ukuguqula izikhungo eziningi zemfundo, ukuvakashela bobabili i-vilkeka, neRadoshkovich, nasezindaweni zokuzivocavoca eziVilen.
Eminyakeni engu-15, le nsizwa yajoyina ubudlelwano bentsha, yaqala ukuhlanganyela ngenkuthalo enhlanganweni engaphansi komhlaba nasesikhathini esizayo esisetshenziswe ngumfundisi weKomimol Welarus West. Eminyakeni engu-22, le nsizwa yaboshwa kabili yagwetshwa ejele. Kepha ejele, kwakungenzeki ukuhlala ejele - umfana wahlela ukushicilelwa okungaphansi komagazini wokubhala ngesandla "hlupha" futhi waqhuba amadayari.
Ngokuqondene nemfundo ephakeme, kuze kube ngu-1939, indoda yayihlala eVilnius, lapho yavakashela eyunivesithi yendawo, kodwa yaxoshwa eyunivesithi ngenxa yemisebenzi yezinguquko.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Impilo yomuntu siqu yabazali itshele uMaxim Skirko engxoxweni, ehambisana nendaba ngezithombe eziningi:"Umama nobaba konke impilo babethandana kakhulu. URomeo noJuliet Fade phambi kwabo! Uthando lwabo luzibonakalise ukunakekelwa njalo. Isibonelo, isidlo sakusihlwa silungiselelwe ekhaya, sizamile. Ngenkathi umama ebheka nxazonke, ubaba uzogeza zonke izitsha! Uma eqala ama-cutlets, usevele uklebhula i-grinder yenyama etafuleni. "Ukuphela kweNdodana kuvela kubalingani ngenyanga ngemuva kokuqala kwempi enkulu yokuthanda izwe, ngoJulayi 13, 1941, futhi amawele ase-Ira naseVera afika konyaka onqobayo - ngoJuni 1, 1945. Kuyaziwa ukuthi indlalifa embongini ukuze athathe umhlalaphansi asebenze ngoNobhala we-Bioordic Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences of Science of Sciences of Science, kanti elinye le-forliss yisokhemisi. Izingane zethule uBaba noMama abazukulu abathathu kanye nomzukulu wakhe.
Ngokuqondene nokuthandwa kosaziwayo ngakunye, wabona isikhathi nabangane abangu-Presusure, amabhiliyade kanye ne-chess. Amadoda awazange asukume ngenxa yetafula amahora ambalwa alandelana, ukuze umfazi kaLyubov noRereevna Asayevich kwadingeka ukuba bondleke ngesikhathi senqubo yokudlala. Ithangi lalingenamikhuba emibi, utshwala kanye nogwayi abazange basebenzise futhi abalisebenzisanga futhi bengasetshenziswanga, ubisi bekukholelwa ukuthi luyisiphuzo esithandwayo, nesitsha - amafutha no-anyanisi.
Ukudala
Ngo-1936, iTankim Tank yaba yilungu leqembu lamaKhomanisi eNtshonalanga Belarus futhi yabamba iqhaza ngenkuthalo emshinini wamaKhomanisi angaphansi komhlaba. Ngawo lowo nyaka, ukukhanya kwabona iqoqo lezinkondlo "ezigabeni" - esigabeni sokuqala sobuciko, imbongi yaphonsela inselelo umzabalazo wabantu bakhe ukukhululwa kwenkululeko kazwelonke.
Kamuva, izinkondlo "I-oda", "cranberry", "castinsky kalinovsky" nezincwadi "izikhali", "ngokusebenzisa umlilo. Ngoba "ukwazi" umbhali wathola umklomelo we-stalin we-2nd degree ye-USSR.
Emisebenzini ebhalwe empini, izihloko eziyinhloko, empeleni zazikholwa ekunqobeni, ekulimazekeni kweFascism, izinkondlo ze-Soviet iqhawe. Ekugcineni, le misebenzi yathi ngento esedlule lobuqhawe, umhlaba njengenani eliphakeme kakhulu nothando lwezindawo zomdabu.
"Ngokubambisana nevesi eliqinile, elinomsindo kanye nomhlophe, uya ngokuya esebenzisa iVerlibro. Futhi uma abaningi incike kule ndima, khona-ke ithangi le-maxim lihlukaniswa kuzo zonke ezinye izinto ezingahlanganisi noma yiliphi i-cosmism elibandayo futhi elibandayo, okunye okulinganiselayo, okunye okunengqondo ... ", - kuphendule ngenye indlela ..."Ebhayizana lemibhalo kwakukhona indawo nemibhalo yezingane ("i-Twig noSparrow", "Incwadi yebhere", "ihhashi noLeo", "iHhashi neLeo"), izinkumbulo ( "Amakhalenda Ikhalenda: Idayari"), kanye nokuhumusha. Lesi sakamuva sisho ulimi lwaseBelarusian lomsebenzi ka-Alexander Pushkin, uVladimir Mayakovsky, Maxim Rylsky, Stanim RylSky, Pavel Tychin nabanye.
Ngemuva kokuhlanganiswa kabusha kweNtshonalanga Belarus kanye neBelarusian SSR, i-Maxim Tank iqoshwe yi- "Vaska Pravda" ne- "Pourpaper iphephandaba", empini enkulu yokuthanda izwe - "ye-fascist Gadina", nge-peacetime - Kumagazini "Ihiby" ne- "Half" (isihleli esikhulu).
Ukushona
Kusukela ngethangi le-1965 lekwenga phezu koMkhandlu Ophakeme weBelarusian SSR, kusukela ngo-1969 - e-USSR Armed Force, kwathi ngo-1972 wayeyilungu le-Academy of the Indari Yezesayensi Yendabuko. Naphezu kwemisebenzi yezepolitiki neyesayensi esebenzayo, akazange ayikhohlwe yinto esemqoka ngokuphila, kwaze kwaba ukuphela kwezinsuku zakhe ukujabulisa abalandeli ngezinsuku ezintsha. Ngonyaka ngaphambi kokufa, iqoqo lezinkondlo "Umkhumbi Wami" waphuma.Isisebenzi sobuciko baseBelarusian asiphendukanga ngo-Agasti 7, 1995, ukufa sekufikile ngenxa yemvelo. Ekuqaleni, ngo-Mashi 17, washiya umkankosikazi wasemhlabeni othandekayo, unnawunomlotha womkakhe, imbongi yaqhubeka ekhaya, yamyisa ethuneni lakhe. Esinye isifiso sikamufi ukuthi azikho izikhumbuzo endaweni yokungcwaba. Ithangi leMaxim lithole isiphephelo sokugcina, ithangi leMaxim litholwe eduze nobaba wakhe nonina ePilkov yakhe yangaphandle.
Ukukhumbula
- EMinsk kukhona i-Belarusian State Pedagogical University (BGPU) eqanjwe ngethangi le-maxim.
- Enhloko-dolobha yaseBelarus, i-Novo-Red Street yaqanjwa kabusha kabusha iMaxim Tank Street.
- I-Minsk Pedagogical College yigama ukuhlonipha imbongi.
- Ku-Meadow ngonyaka ka-2014, kwavulwa itshe lesikhumbuzo esiya eMaxim Tank.
- Futhi, umtapo wezincwadi wedolobha lase-Myadel uqanjwe ngegama elithi Maxim Tank.
Amacaphuna
- Ngiyaqiniseka ukuthi hhayi izinkomba zokubhala nezikole ezibizwa ngokuthi ababhali, hhayi izinkomba zokubhala nezikole zidala imisebenzi evelele. Ugogo ongaphezulu we-Ontworn wawukhona futhi uzoba - impilo.
- Ngake ngabuza umuntu odlula emapayipi omlilo, wamanzi namapayipi ethusi:- Yini enzima kakhulu kulokhu kukhanya?
Uthe:
- Phuma ngokuthembeka.
- Into embi kakhulu ukunganaki. Uma kungalwi kanye naye, kunjalo, njenge-bog, kungabhubhisa noma yimuphi umuntu.
- Kwangathi kungabonakala kufunwa ubuciko ukuze kuboniswe okungokoqobo kuphela - kuncane kakhulu. Bese kubathwetshulwane abanele.
I-Bibliography
- 1936 - "Ezigabeni"
- Ngo-1937 - "cranberry"
- 1945 - "Izikhali Zethayela"
- 1948 - "Ukwazi"
- 1955 - "Ihhashi noLeo"
- 1960 - "Izinganekwane. Izinganekwane "
- Ngo-1964 - "Impahla yamanzi"
- Ngo-1966 - "Sithengisa ngamavesi"
- 1970 - "Amashidi Ikhalenda: Idayari"
- 1976 - "Umgwaqo, Ubaulnaya Rife"
- 1979 - "Byl Mayelana Space Haturk ant Badini"
- 1984 - "Ithebula lami"
- 1988 - "Umgwaqo Nesinkwa"
- 1990 - "Lalelani, intwasahlobo iyahamba"
- 1994 - "Umkhumbi Wami"