I-Biograge
UHouakin Muriet, nguRobin Hood kusuka e-El Dorado, - isibalo soMzobe ophikisanayo. Abanye babona njengabalingisi bemibhalo kanye nomfanekiso ohlanganyelwe womhlali waseLatin America, ophikisana nokubuswa kwamazwe akhuluma isiNgisi emazweni aseCalifornia. Kepha kukhona labo abathi uJoaquin Murute ngempela ubekhona ngempela. Imibono yabiwa futhi mayelana neqhaza lakhe: Ngubani lo mlimi we-robin hood yiqhawe lobugebengu noma lobuqhawe.Ubuntwana nentsha
Njengoba uJoaquin Murute yisibalo sokuzwa, i-biography yakhe izungezwe amahemuhemu nokuqagela. Bahlukanise namaqiniso ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi nzima ngokwengeziwe. Lokhu kukhombisa isazi-mlando uSusan Lee Johnson.
Kunamaphuzu ambalwa wokubuka ngisho nakwimvelaphi ye-hoachin. Kodwa-ke, abacwaningi bayavuma ukuthi indawo yakhe yokuzalwa encane iyisimo seSonora, eMexico. Imithombo eminingi ikhombisa: Kuzalelwa owesilisa eHermosillo. Isazi-mlando uFrank latt encwadini ethi "Joaquin Murlet kanye namaqembu alo amahhashi" (1980), asuselwa ezifundweni seminyaka eyi-10, akhombisa ukuthi uvela kuma-Alamos.
Ngenxa yokuhunyushwa okuphindaphindiwe koRaman John Rollin Ridge Ridge "Impilo kanye nokufika kwe-hoaquin muriet" (1854) Robin Hood kusuka e-El Dorado futhi wathola ukuba yisakhamuzi saseChile nakancane. Lokhu akulungile.
Ngokolwazi olwamukelekayo olwamukelekayo, uJoaquin wazalwa ngonyaka we-1829 kuYise-Opecake noRosseli Karrillo. Wakhuliswa kudadewabo ogama lakhe linguJesu no-Antonio.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Isiphetho somuntu saphenduka esifushane futhi sibuhlungu, kepha impilo yakhe yangasese yatholakala kuyo - iMexico "yangena" emkhuhlane wegolide nonkosikazi wakhe uRosa Felis. Kuyaziwa ukuthi wahlukunyezwa ngodlame ngokobulili futhi wabulawa ngababukeli abakhuluma isiNgisi.Ukukhuthala
Ukuqala komkhuhlane wegolide eCalifornia izinsuku zibuyele ku-1848. Umbani kuma-deposithi aqhamuka eMexico, eChile nasePeru. Izakhamizi ezikhuluma isiNgisi zathukuthela ukuthi "imithambo" engcono kakhulu yabavukuzi begolide abathola iLatin America. I-xenophobia yachuma.
Kakade ngo-1849, uPersif Smith, umbusi waseCalifornia, umemezele abokufika ngaphandle komthetho. Ngemuva kokuthola amakhadi-blanche, amathemba akhuluma isiNgisi wokujaha ubumnyama bodaka namasimu, ngaphandle kokuvumela ngisho nokuthatha amathuluzi nezinto zomuntu. Kamuva, izakhamizi zaseLatin America zavunyelwa ukugeza igolide, kodwa umsebenzi wazo wawukhokhiswa intela - $ 20 ngenyanga. Ukushushiswa kwaqhubeka.
Kulesi simo ngo-1849, uHoakin Murute, umkakhe nezihlobo zakhe bafika. Leli qembu lalihlala likhokhela intela negolide eligezwe ngempumelelo. Lokhu kwaqashelwa abavukuzi "abamhlophe". NgokukaSusan Lee Johnson, basebenzelana noRosa Felis, uLinchevali Jesu Jesu, noRobin Hood kusuka e-El Dorado bashaya. Ngakho-ke kwachotshozwa ngokungafanele ukuba ume ethrekhi yempi.
UFrank Latt wabhala ukuthi uJoaquin walingisa iqembu lezigelekeqe, elaliphakathi kwabantu igama elithi "Five Hoachinov", abanye bakwazile ukuba yizihlobo zakhe. Ekuqaleni, izigebengu zabulala okungenani abantu abayisithupha abathathe impilo kaRosa Felis noJesu. Ngemuva kwalokho wagxila ekuhwebeni okungekho emthethweni kwamahhashi nokushushiswa kwabaphulelo "abamhlophe".
Igama elithi "Amahlanu HOAchinov" lazalwa ngoba, ngaphezu kwe-Purple, Heachin Karrillo, Hoakin Okomorearia noJoaquin Valenyela, bahlanganisa namagama akhe.
Ngokusho kweminye imithombo, kuphela ku-1853 gang karagin hood kusuka e-El Dorado yebiwe ngaphezulu kwama- $ 100 amahhashi angama-100, abulale ama-28 ama-China nabavukuzi abakhuluma isiNgisi. Inani lezisulu, nokho, lizohluka. Izigebengu zindiza amahlandla amathathu ukuba ziboshwe, zipende nezindawo zazo.
Lezi zenzo zanele ukuqinisekisa ukuthi iziphathimandla zaseCalifornia zamemezela lo mklomelo wekhanda likaHelogin VURGETT kanye namagama akhe. NgoMeyi 1853, abavukuzi abangu-20 baqala ukubamba - bonke abakwaVeterans bempi yaseMelika-baseMexico. Uthando lweHarry lwavuka ekhanda lomkhankaso. Bathole ama- $ 150 njalo ngenyanga, futhi uma kwenzeka kuncenga izigebengu - enye i- $ 1 inkulungwane.
Ukushona
Imibiko yomlando ithi ngoJulayi 25, 1853, amaRanger abhekana nabahlali abahlomile baseMexico eduzane nase-Arroyo de Cattoa, emaphethelweni e-Diablo Mountal Range ohlangothini olusempumalanga yeSanta Clara County, eCalifornia.Ekunqandeni kokuphathelene kwabulala ama-dimpel amathathu. Kusolwa ukuthi omunye wabo uyazihlanza, kanti owesibili - uManuel Garcia, owaziwa nangokuthi uJack ophethwe kabili, omunye wabahlinzeki abadumile kakhulu uRobin Hood e-El Dorado. Amanye ama-Mexico athethwe ama-Mexico athunjiwe.
Uma ukholelwa le nguqulo, imbangela yokufa kukaHoakin kwakuyisibhamu. Kepha bakhona oFakazi abaphikisana nokuthi amaRanger abukubulele lokho. Ngakho-ke, ngo-Agasti 1853, engaziwa abhale ephephandabeni i-Daily Alta California lapho uHarry Uthando nethimba lakhe abulala abathi abangenacala uMadunov abavela eMexico, wabe esefumbathisa oFakazi abangu-17 ukuba babone izinsalela.
Futhi, uHarry Uthanda ukufakazela ukugcwaliseka kwemiyalo futhi wamukele ama- $ 1 izinkulungwane, unqume isandla sale nhloko eyimpumputhe ezintathu nekhanda lezinzwa. Baboniswa njengesimanga esifundeni saseMaripos, Stockton noSan Francisco. Kusuka kubukeli ngasinye, amaRanger athatha u- $ 1.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi "izingcezu" ezingaboniswanga emadolobheni asondelene nezimayini. Abasekeli benguqulo yokuthi uthando lukaHarry alubulanganga, lona lokhu ukunakwa okukhethekile - amathemba ayazi ukuthi ama-murute abukeka kanjani, futhi ama-ranger avela. Babenokuthile abangakulahli. Isibonelo, enye i- $ 5,000, iyiphi iCalifornia ekhishwe ngoMeyi 1854.
Eminyakeni engu-25 emva 'kokufa' kukaHookin, udadewabo wabonakala, owathi ikhanda lakhe lingelona umfowabo - asikho isibazi esihlathini esihlathini. Bese kuba khona oFakazi abambalwa ababona uRobin Hood kusuka ku-El Dorado esevele afanele.
Inhloko yeMurget, okuwukuphela kobufakazi bokubulawa kwakhe kulahlekile ngesikhathi sokuzamazama komhlaba noMlilo eSan Francisco ngo-1906.
Kwezobuciko
Isithombe se-hoakin of the nsomi sasivame ukusetshenziswa emisebenzini yobuciko, ngakho-ke, sahambisana nenganekwane, hhayi ngokoqobo. Isibonelo, i-Zorro - Avenger Avenger evela kuJohnston McChally Novels kuyo.
Isimo esidume kakhulu somlando kaRobin Hood kusuka e-El Dorado yinkondlo "Izibani nokufa kukaHoachin Muriet" (1967) Pablo Neruda, imbongi yaseChile. Ngokusho kwakhe, abaqambi u-Alexei Rybnikov noPavel Pepereshko benze enye yama-opera wokuqala e-USSR "Star nokufa kwe-hoaquin miriet". Kwakukuyo okokuqala ngqa "izinkanyezi ze-Aria" zizwakala. Ukusebenza kuduma esiteji "Lenkom" Season 17. Umlingisi u-Alexander Abdulov owadlala umlingiswa ophambili.
Ngokusekelwe kumculo, i-vladimir Grammar yafihla ifilimu eliphelele le-1982. Iqhaza elibalulekile laya ku-Andrei Kharitonov. Izingoma nomculo ovela ku-rock opera zigcinwe zingashintshiwe.