I-Biograge
Ngo-2015, umdwebo we-haim soutine ochungechungeni oluthi "ama-bull ama-towlers" endalini kaCristIesie washiya isando ngenani lemali engaphezu kwama- $ 28 million. Upende ubizwa ngokuthi amaJuda (ngobuzwe babazali) kanye neBelarusian (ezweni lakwa umsuka) ngumculi. Kodwa-ke, iningi labaphenyi lihlanganisa imisebenzi kaHaima esikoleni seParis sokupenda.Ubuntwana nentsha
Ukuqala kwe-soutine biography kugcwele ama-ambiguities. Abacwaningi bempilo kanye nobuciko bomculi buphikisana ngosuku lokuzalwa kukaHaima, mayelana nomsebenzi kanye negama likayise (ngokwefana, le ndoda yasebenza nge-tailor, futhi ngokolunye uhlangothi - inkonzo ngaphakathi isinagoge).
Amaqiniso amabili angenakuphikwa: Umdwebi wesikhathi esizayo wawungowokuphela kwezingane eziyi-11 ezazalelwa emkhayeni weSutin, futhi, njengazo zonke izingane zakini zalesi sibongo, avele eSmilovichi eduzane naseMinsk. Iningi lezintomobhethi lihlangana ngeqiniso lokuthi uHaim wazalwa ngoJanuwari 1893.
Ngiseyingane, umculi wesikhathi esizayo waphonsela inselelo indlala nokushaywa. Ukusuka ekungondlekisweni okungapheli, umfana waqamba isilonda esiswini, lapho u-Heaim ahlupheka khona impilo yakhe yonke. I-Orthodox Yuroshwa, ithathwe yi-sutin nomakhelwane, yenqabela isithombe sepulasitiki sabantu nezilwane. Uthando lweHaima lokudweba kwakungeyona igceke.
Lapho eneminyaka engu-14 ubudala, osemusha wabaleka eSmilovichi eMinsk. Ubephila ngemali etholwayo futhi wafunda esikoleni sokudweba iYakov Krugoe, lapho eba abangane bendoda enomqondo ofanayo - indodana yosonkontileka uMikhail Kikoin.
Imali yokuthuthela kubangani bakaVilna yavela ngemuva kokuthi i-soutin yabhala isithombe sombhalo we-burcher efika kuRabi ehlobene. Lesi sithombe asizange siyithande indoda, futhi washaya uHaima. UNgqongqoshe Wezenkolo ukuze ancike lesi sigameko, akhokhe isinxephezelo sentsha. Maphakathi nesifundazwe saseVile, uSutin noKikoin bafunda esiswini sokudweba sika-Ivan Trutnev, iminyaka emi-5 ngaphambi kokuba lokhu kuqashelwe njengokuhamba phambili eRussia.
Ngonyaka wokugcina wangaphambi kwempi, i-soutin yafika eParis yahlala e "Ulle" - ihostela labaculi abasebasha eMontttarnasse. Ngokusho kwama-memoirs aseKikicina, ukufinyelela eFrance unyaka wonke kumngane, uHaim walala eShirma aboshwe ngezihlalo ezimbili. Kodwa-ke, ngesizini efudumele, izakhamizi 'zesidleke' zazithanda ukulala emgwaqweni: izimbungulu zazingamangalo.
Kumahostela afanayo lapho kwakuhlala umdabu waseVitebsk Mark Chagal, kepha ubuhlobo obuphakathi kwakhe noSutin abuzi. Empilweni yatholakala, kulayishwa izinqola nezinhlanzi.
Le nsizwa yeza ukuzofunda estudiyo kaFernana Kormon e-Academy of Arts. Umdwebi wezinhlungu, owasebenza ohlosweni lweqiniso, waphathwa ngokukhululekile nozakwethu abasebancane, ngaphandle kokudinga abaculi be-novice, noma izivivinyo noma ulwazi lwesiFulentshi. UCormoni wavinjelwa izithombe zomfakisicelo futhi wanquma ukubhaliswa.
Kodwa-ke, e-Academy of ACTS, yena waba ngumfundi oyinselelo. I-hummist ayizange imthande imidwebo futhi ikholile umsebenzi wamakhosi.
Lokwakheka uSutin wanikeza uLouvre. Imnyuziyamu yensizwa yamukela ngokungafanele umdwebo wabanduleli kanye nabantu besikhathi sabantu. Umculi owuthandayo kaRembrandt wawunguRembrandt, esithombe sakhe esithi "inkomo" yesithombe se-sutin sakhiqiza kaninginingi.
Kusukela ekuqaleni kweMpi Yezwe I, i-soutine noKikoina bafakwa eMbuthweni Wokuqashwa: Intsha evela eMbusweni waseRussia ihele imisele. Kodwa-ke, uHaima wavezwa impilo. Esitshalweni seRenault ekwenziweni kwamagobolondo, walinyaza umunwe futhi wagcina wadelela.
Kungekudala, ubungani bakaHaima no-Amedeo Modigliani, ngabo-1920 baphazamisa ukuphela kwemvelaphi yase-Italiya yase-Italy ngo-1920. Imbangela yokufa komculi - oventists kwakungu-tubercoous meningitis.
I-Modigliani ikwazile ukubhala isithombe se-soutine, lapho umdanso waseSmilovichi ebukeka emuhle kakhulu kunomfanekiso wokuzibonakalisa. U-Amedeo Svethe Khaima nomvikeli weLeopold Zborovsky, owaqala ukuthenga umsebenzi we-lanky, oxakeke nge-pienting guy. Ngo-1922, ama-canvases womculi athola umqoqi waseMelika u-Albert Parnes.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Iningi lempilo yakhe laphila ebuphofini. Izimali ezivelayo ezivela ekuthengisweni kwemidwebo zachithwa ngokushesha eningizimu kanye nabangane bakhe, nezikhathi ezilambile zabuyiselwa. Wayengafaneleki, wahlupheka emkhakheni wezenkolo, wawathola amazinyo amabi nezingalo ezincane ezingafani.Ngokwezinkumbulo zabantu besikhathi sikaphila ngesikhathi, umdwebi wayevame ukubhekana nabesifazane futhi anamahloni okukhuluma namantombazane namantombazane. Noma kunjalo, imininingwane yomuntu ngamunye mayelana nempilo yomuntu siqu ye-sutin iyagcinwa.
Uthando lokuqala lomfana waba uDeborah Melnik, owayephupha ngomsebenzi womculi e-Opera Theatre. Kodwa-ke, ukuzama ukujwayelana nentombazane akuzange kumqhenya ngempumelelo.
Yaphumelela kakhulu uHaimi. Ukuxhumana nendodakazi kaDilelkes Vilensky udokotela, kumema amakholwa ampofu amasinagoge emzini wakhe ukuze adle. I-soutin yanikeza intombazane, wenqaba ngokuzinukuzwa. Ukugibela inhlabamtho uHaima, uYise wobuhle wakhokhela amathikithi omculi eParis.
Ama-simulators athola i-soutine Modigliani, acaciswa ngesizungu se-paris somdabu waseSmilovichi. U-Amedeo umlutha weHaima ekuphuzeni: Lapho isidumbu saseParisian sitholwe ethangini likadoti futhi samukele isidumbu. Umculi wayephila, kepha abafileyo bayadakwa.
Usuvele waba odumile, amaHaim ahlangane eParis Deboor Melnik futhi asontekile inoveli naye. Ngo-1925, owesifazane wabeletha indodakazi u-Amy. I-soutin ayizange ibone ububele - kwathi uDeborah wayelele nawo wonke amaMongrernas, futhi akunakuba khona nezingane ngenxa yesifo se-devereel nhlobo. Lapho u-Amy ekhula, waba ngumculi futhi umsebenzi wasayina igama leSutin.
Ngo-1930, umlando weHhaima waphindwa e-Parody Version. Umdwebi wathandana noMarie-Zelin - Indodakazi yomlando wobuciko u-Eli fora, ihlobene ne-sutin njengendodana futhi yabheka umdwebi ngobungcweti. Ngenxa yokwenqatshwa kwentombazane, ubudlelwane bomdwebi nalowo owayengumuntu owayeshaywe.
Ngemuva kokushona kwendoda yaseZorovsky yathutha abashadikazi uMadeleine noMarinelen Kastern. Izikhali izikhathi ezi-5 ukusuka ngoMeyi kuya kuSeptemba zazihlala efeni lombhangqwana ovikelekile.
Ngo-1937, uSutin wahlangana nothando olukhulu lokuphila kwakhe - isandla samaJuda esibomvu esibomvu saseJalimane seGrotto, sabalekela eFrance ukugwema ukushushiswa kwamaNazi. Ngesikhathi somhlangano wabo, uHaikhe wabuka umthambo, noma yikuphi ukudla kokudla kwabangela ukupenda kwesisu esiswini. I-Gerda iminyaka emi-3 ihlanganiswe neqhaza lomculi, umama kanye nomondli we-Guarding - Stutine imihlobiso yeSutine futhi yashayela ngodokotela.
AbaseMelika bamema uHaima ukuba athuthele ezweni lenkululeko, kepha le ndoda yenqaba. Ngokusho komculi, e-United States kwakungekho zihlahla ezithokozisayo zokudweba.
Ngo-1940, uGerdu wathunyelwa kuchwepheshe ePyrenees. Ngenkathi intombi kaHaima isephetha, uMadeleine Casten waletha i-soutine nge-aristocrat kaMarie-Berth Oransh, owaba ngowesifazane wokugcina empilweni yomdwebi.
Ukupenda
Emibhalweni, ama-landscapes futhi namanje kuhlala kuphila uSutin, wethemba. Izinhlanzi kanye ne-hares emculweni ka-Aaim azifile nje, futhi ama-sadist abulawa, angabonakala ngokubonakaliswa okubandayo kokuhlupheka okuhlaselwayo. Uma uVladimir Putin eqabula i-pike ebanjwe ngaphambi kokuthumela ukukhiqizwa endlebeni, khona-ke i-soutin ngaphambi kokudla i-herring, wayekade edweba.
Ukudweba amaHaim aphathwe njengendlela yokuba khona okungenzeka. Ngidwebe kaningi ukuthola amaphuzu - ngaphandle kwemidwebo. Lapho wenza imisebenzi yezandla ngopende ngamunye kusuka ku-sutin palette, wasebenzisa ibhulashi elihlukile.
Kodwa-ke, lo mculi wayevame ukubhubhisa imidwebo yakhe - waphupha emgqeni noma washiswa. Ezinsukwini zokuceba, uphuthelwe imisebenzi yakhe yokuqala ukuze azidideke.
Inzalo emisebenzini yendabuko yaseSmilovichi futhi amanani awo akhula njalo. I-EVA Southnyere, etholwe ngonyaka ka-2012, "eBelgazprombank" endalini yaseSutheby ngama- $ 1.8 million, iba isithombe esibizayo kunazo zonke esigcinwe eRiphabhulikhi yaseBelarus. Amabhange-abashisekeli babuyela kuleli zwe inani lemisebenzi yemisebenzi ethile umaki u-stegal nebhubesi i-baksta. Ekupheleni kuka-2017 no-2018, umbukiso "UHaim Sutin" wenzeka eMoscow eMnyuziyamu wombuso wobuciko obuhle. Ukubuyisa. "
Ukushona
Ngo-1943, uSutin wakhulisa isifo sesilonda. Imibono yodokotela besibhedlela edolobheni laseRichelieu, lapho kwakucashe khona uHaiyo ekushushisweni kwamaNazi, ngesidingo sokuhlinzwa sahlukaniswa. Umdwebi wokwakha uzungu wabekwa eCatatball futhi waba nenhlanhla eParis. Inhlokodolobha yaseFrance yahamba izinsuku ezimbili, eduze kwesifunda saseNordan. Ngo-Agasti 9, le ndoda yafa izilonda ezinqunyiwe, ezazidonsele ePeritonitis.Abantu abambalwa babehanjelwa emngcwabeni womculi, kubandakanya nePablo Picasso kanye nokuqhekeka eParis kumadokhumenti amanga. I-soutine's ethuneni lika-soutine lisemathuneni we-monsttarnasse.
Ezweni elincane lomdwebi, eSmilovichi, ngo-2008 uMnyuziyamu "isikhala Khaim Sutin" avulwe. Ngo-2009, uMikhail Herman him Sutin ushicilelwe ochungechungeni lwabaculi baseRussia.
Imidwebo
- Ngo-1917 - "I-Red Gladiolus eVase"
- Ngo-1919 - "I-Red Gladiolus"
- Ngo-1919 - "I-Convernectioner encane"
- Ngo-1921 - "Namanje impilo nge-herring"
- 1922 - "Umgwaqo Oya eNtabeni"
- Ngo-1923 - "Namanje impilo ngesiketi"
- 1924 - "I-Bull Tark"
- Ngo-1924 - "Owesifazane obomvu"
- Ngo-1924 - "Owesifazane ngoPink"
- Ngo-1924 - "Ingubo ebomvu"
- Ngo-1929 - "Isikwele esiqinile, vernsen"
- Ngo-1931 - "Owesifazane ungena emanzini"
- 1933 - "Izinhlanzi"
- Ngo-1943 - "Buyela esikoleni ngemuva kokuduma kwezulu"
- 1943 - "Izihlahla zasekwindla, I-Champigny"