I-Biograge
Imbongi yaseRussia konstantin batyushkov yema emgaqweni wenkondlo yasekhaya. Waqala ukusebenza ekuhlanzekeni, okulula nomusa wegama lesiRussia ngisho nangaphambi, ngalo, umfo wakhe omkhulu ngokoPeru Alexander Pushkin. Ukuba yimbongi evelele yekhulu le-19, indoda yabuye yazibonakalisa njengesigcawu, umgxeki obhala kanye nomhumushi.Ubuntwana nentsha
UKonstantin Nikoleayevich wazalwa ngo-1787 eVelologda, kepha ubuntwana bembongi wabanjwa efeni lokuzalwa kwengane ngesifundazwe saseDanilovsky Tver. Uhlobo oluhle lwe-batyushkov lwangena ngaphansi kwe-Opal ngaphansi kukaKatherine II, futhi ngenxa yalokho uBaba uNikolay Lvovich kwadingeka akhuthazelele ama-echoes angawamukeli ubukhosi. Wahola le nkonzo emnyangweni wezokwahlulela, lapho afinyelela khona isikhundla somshushisi wesifundazwe. Ngokubambisana nonkosikazi wakhe u-Alexandra Grigorievna, wadala umkhaya omkhulu: Abane bekunezingane okungenani eziyisithupha, owesihlanu wawo kwakunguKonstantin.
Umfana ulahlekelwe ngunina ekuseni kakhulu: ushonile eseneminyaka engu-8 ubudala. Owesifazane wahlushwa ukugula kwengqondo, eyayitholwa yifa lendodana nendodakazi enda kunazo zonke uSasha. Kwesobunxele ebuntwaneni ngaphandle kokunakekelwa kukamama, iBatyushkov yathola imfundo eSt. Petersburg Greenhouse. Eminyakeni engu-16, le nsizwa yashiya izindonga zawo futhi yagxila ekufundeni. I-spectrum yezintshisakalo zakhe yayibonga kakhulu ngoMalume uMikhail Muravyev, owahlanza umshana wami othanda isiLatini, izinganekwane zasendulo, izinkondlo zasendulo kanye nesifiso sokulandela empilweni yezinhloso zezinkomo zase-sublime.
Isifiso sezinkondlo eduze kwale nsizwa enababhali abavelele besikhathi sakhe sikaGabriel Derzhavin, Vasily Zhukovsky, Peter vyazemmky, Nikolai Nitamelin, Nikolai Nitamzin. By the way, inkonzo enkonzweni yabantu ukukhanyiselwa, iKonstantin, isiqalile ngo-1802. Lapho, iBatyushkov yaletha ejwayelene nezibalo zamasiko ezithuthukayo zesikhathi sakhe futhi yandise lo mbuthano ngenkathi isebenza ehhovisi leNyuvesi yaseMoscow University.
Ngaphansi kwethonya labalingani, le nsizwa yaba nesibindi sokubonisa izinkondlo zikahulumeni ezashicilelwa okokuqala ngo-1805. Ngaphandle kokushiya inkanuko yezinkondlo, uConstantine wayephupha ngokukhonza izwe lakubo emhlanganweni wamasosha kwathi ngonyaka we-1807 wangena ezikhundleni zempi kazwelonke. Ngaphandle kokumelana nobaba le nhloso, iBatyushkov yabamba iqhaza emikhankasweni eminingana yakwamanye amazwe, yalimala futhi ngesibindi yanikezwa imiyalo yeSt Anne 2nd kanye nama-3rd degrees.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Imbongi yayingumuntu ogqamile futhi othandweni, futhi impilo yakhe yangasese yathola izicathulo ekwakhiweni. Ngakho-ke, ukululama ekulimaleni kwamasosha eRiga, imbongi yathandana nendodakazi yomthengisi u-Emily, kodwa izinkondlo ezimbalwa zaqhubeka ukuphela kwezithelo zale mizwa. Idrama elibi e-biography ye-batyushkov yenzeka ngemuva komhlangano no-Anna Furman, umuntu othandana naye othandana naye.Akakwazanga ukuphendula uthando lukaConstantine, yize ekugcizeleleni kwabagadi bekulungele ukwamukela isiphakamiso sakhe. Kepha ukuziqhenya nobukhosi bembongi akuvumelanga ukuthi u-Ana washada ngesivumelwano, hhayi ekubizeni kwenhliziyo. Ukuntuleka kokubuyisana kusuke umuntu ekudangeni, okwakhula kwaqala ukuphazamiseka okuqotho.
Ukuhlushwa ukugula kwengqondo, i-batyushkov yabuka ngethukile, njengoba "ibala elimnyama" ngaphakathi eminyakeni edlule selibanzi futhi libanzi. Ukufuna ukuvikeleka ebumnyameni bobumnyama, imbongi yancenga uNkulunkulu futhi yathembeka ngokujulile, kepha akuzange kusize ukuqeda ukulangazelela okungokomoya, imizwa yokuzibulala futhi, ngenxa yalokho, imizamo yokuzibulala.
Ngo-1824, uKonstantin Nikolayevich wabekwa emtholampilo wezengqondo eJalimane, lapho ahlala khona iminyaka emi-4, engasondeli ekuphulukisweni kusuka ekufomekeni. Ukuphela kwendlela yokuphuma embuthanweni ovaliwe wokudangala okwakukhona ubuqambi kanye nezincwadi zabangane abaqinisekisile indoda ngaphandle kokuphonsa izinkondlo.
Umsebenzi nobuciko
Ngemuva kokuphothula iziqu zezempi, iBatyushkov yahlala emtatsheni wezincwadi womphakathi waseSt. Petersburg, okwamnika indlela yokuba khona. Wonke amandla aMuntu agxile ezinkondlweni. Ukuba yinkosi yezingoma ze-Epicurean kanye nobunzima obusha, okokuqala ngqa iKonstantin yaduma kabanzi ngo-1809 ngenxa yombono we-satirical "osohlwini ogwini lwe-letnya". Emsebenzini ongashicilelwanga, kepha waphambuka ohlwini, umfana wahamba ngokugxekwa kozakwabo - izimbongi, ezinamathela zombili ezingenasibonelo nabahlonishwayo.
Ukuphela kwencwadi eshicilelwe ese-Lifetime Bibliography batyushkov yaba "izivivinyo emavesini nasePrepOse", eshicilelwe ngo-1817. Ukuhlanganiswa kufaka phakathi imisebenzi engcono kakhulu yembongi "Arbor Mus", "ubuhlakani bami", "isithunzi somngani", "ama-penie wami" nezinye izinkondlo. Indalo yokushushisa iKonstantin Nikolayevich ifake "inganekwane ye-Russian Vintavil", "ezizakhisweni ezinhle zenhliziyo", "kusihlwa kaCantemir".
Iculo batyushkova yaba enye yamakhasi okuqala aqhakazile emlandweni wezinkondlo waseRussia. Kuboniswa ngobuqotho, ukuphakama, izithombe ezicebile, umlando wokuvumelana kwegama namafomu, inhlanzeko kanye nokunemba kolimi. I-Vissarion Belinsky icubungule imbongi "i-arerunner pushkin".
Ukushona
Eminyakeni yamuva yembongi yembongi yagcizelelwa ukugula okukhulayo kwengqondo. Kusukela ngo-1833, wayehlala endlini yeVOOLOGDA yomshana wakhe, ephula yonke imicu ngezwe langaphandle. Imbangela yokufa kweBatyushkova kwakuyisihloko, afa ngayo ehlobo lika-1855. I-Konstantin Nikoleyevich's High ethuneni eliqoshwe kwiphrofayili esitsheni sesikhumbuzo sisezindongeni zesigodlo soMsindisi sePrilutsky eduze kwaseVologda.Amacaphuna
- "Phila njengoba ubhala, bese ubhala ukuthi uphila kanjani: Ngaphandle kwalokho, zonke iziphambeko ze-lira yakho zizoba ngamanga."
- "Ulimi ngalunye luyisimangalo salo, ukuvumelana kwakhe, futhi bekungaba yinto emangazayo ngokuba yiRussia noma isiNtaliyane, noma ukubhala iBritish ngendlebe yaseFrance kanye okuphambene nalokho."
- "Ukubheka: Le Cypress, njenge-steppe yethu, iqhwa, -
Kepha okusha futhi okuluhlaza kuhlala kunjalo.
Awukwazi yini, isakhamuzi, njengePalma ukunikeza ingane?
Ngakho-ke i-booby nge-cypress efanayo efanayo:
Indlela Avikezelwe Kanjani, Osanist Futhi Mahhala. "
I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1817 - "izivivinyo emavesini nasePrace"