I-Biograge
Igama le-Marshal Soviet Union boris Shaposhnikova lixhumeke ngokungalingani nomlando wamaqhawe wezwe. Njengoba unikezele empilweni yebhizinisi lebutho ezinsukwini zeTsarist Russia, le ndoda yaqhuba izwe lokuqala izwe laseRussia, i-Civil kanye ne-Warloryist, i-Warlord nezinkinga ezisebenzayo.Ubuntwana nentsha
UMarshal wazalwa ngoSepthemba 20, 1882 edolobheni laseZlatoust emndenini kaMikhail Petrovich noPelage Kuznichnaya Shaposhnikov. Ubaba wayephumile esuka kuma-dossacks, kanye nesinkwa esiminyene, esebenza ngabaphathi emafektri nasezindaweni zokugcina izimpahla. Umama waqhamuka emjahweni wesifunda futhi wasebenza esikoleni - wafundisa izingane. Inhloko yomndeni ikwazile ukushada kathathu, lapho yayinezingane eziyi-11, zasinda khona 8. Iholo ngama-ruble asebukhosini ayi-100 lamboza izindleko zokuqukethwe kwazo, futhi le ndoda yakwazi ukusakaza kabili -Storey House.
Ebusheni bakhe, uBoris akazange acabange ngomsebenzi wamasosha, futhi wafunda ukuya esikoleni sezimboni kuqala eKrasnoufimsk, kwathi ku-perm. Njengoba sengithole imfundo yasesekondari ngo-1899, lo mfo waqala ukusebenza eWaine Warehouse eBe Belebey, lapho uYise akhonza khona. Kodwa-ke, iphuzu lomshicileli omncane alisazanelisanga izifiso zensizwa eyayiphupha ngenkambu evelele ngokwengeziwe.
Umzamo wokuqala wokungena esikoleni sabangume wawungathweswa umqhele ngempumelelo: UHoposhnikov akakwazanga ukuncintisana ngenxa yokugula. Ngo-1901, uBoris wabhaliswa esikoleni saseMoscow Alekseevskyy infantry, waphothula iminyaka emi-2 kamuva esigabeni sephimbo. Ngakho-ke, umsebenzi wamasosha waqala, owaba ngumholi wezempi ovelele wesikhathi sakhe.
Esethinte isipiliyoni sokuphahlazeka, ngo-1907 uBoris wangena eNikolaev Academy of the General Staff eSt. Petersburg. Isifundo lapho saba nzima: ngesiyalo esiqinile, izinkulumo ezinzima ezinabantu kanye nokugeleza okumsulwa kwezinto kwagcwala ngaphezu kwengxenye yezifundo. UHeloshnikov akagcinanga nje kuphela kubafundi abaningana abaphikelelayo, kodwa futhi aphothule e-Academy phakathi kwabokuqala, abaphumelele esakhiweni sokuthweswa iziqu ngo-1910, ukuxhawula umbusi we-Emperor Nicholas II.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
UHeloshnikov ukhumbula bobabili umuntu osebenzayo, ofundile ngokufundile, ngokwengqondo futhi athuthukiswa ngamasiko. Welulela ezincwadini nasebuhlotsheni kanti umkakhe wakhetha abaculi be-Opera. UMaria oneminyaka engu-19 uMaria Alexandrovna VyuUkova ushade noBoris Mikhailovich ngo-1918. Owesifazane wabeletha umyeni wakhe ngendodana yakhe u-Igor, kodwa impilo yomuntu siqu ayizange ivimbele umsebenzi wayo ukuba yakhe - cishe iminyaka engama-20 yayingukuphela kwe-bolshoi theatre.Indodana yangena ezinyathelweni zikayise futhi yathatha izindatshana zezempi. Le ndoda yafinyelelwa yiChina Lieutenant General futhi yaba nguSolwazi owayehola uMnyango Wezempi Wezempi wabantu abajwayelekile. Njengobaba, wabopha impilo yakhe nomculi - umngane wakhe womshado udumiswe iziqu esikoleni saseSchukinsky wasebenza eTheatre yaseshashalazini yaseMoscow.
Umsebenzi wezempi
I-Mility Biography kaHeroshnikov yaqala eRoyal Army, lapho aqala khona ukusebenzela iphoyisa lesifunda samasosha aseTurkestan. Ekuqaleni kweMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, uBoris walwa entshonalanga nentshonalanga, wathola ukubamba iqhaza, kodwa waqhubeka nokubamba iqhaza kubutholi enyakatho nentshonalanga naseNyakatho, lapho kuvela khona umhlonyane wendlunkulu . Ekupheleni kwempi, le ndoda yaba nezikhundla futhi yabamba isikhundla senduna yeCaucasian Grenadier Division.
Eminyakeni yempi yombango, uShoposhnikov wanquma ukujoyina ibutho elibomvu, elinye lawo elisebenze njengenhloko yediphozithi, wayeyimiqondise amasu wemikhankaso yezempi futhi wahlela isu lokunqotshwa kwebutho kaGeneral Anton Denikin.
Esikhathini sokuthula, uBoris Mikhailovich wasebenza ezifundeni zamasosha eLeningrad naseMoscow, esefinyelele esimweni senhloko yabasebenzi abaphezulu be-RKKA. Ukuba ngo-1940 ngokuzamazama kweSoviet Union, impi yezwe yesibili, i-warlord yaqala eMkhandlwini Wokufuduka. Ngemuva kwalokho wahlanganyela kwisu le-courtime yebutho laseSoviet ngasekupheleni kwawo-1941 - ekuqaleni kuka-1942.
UMarshal Alexander Vasilevsky ungene esikhundleni sikaHoposhnikov eposini labasebenzi abajwayelekile entwasahlobo ka-1942, ngemuva kwalokho uBoris Mikhailovich asebenze ekuphathweni kweKomidi Lezokuvikela futhi ahoxise i-Academy of General Staff.
Ukushona
UMarshal akazange asinde ezinsukwini ezingama-44 ngaphambi kokuphela kwempi enkulu yokuthanda izwe. Ukwenza umnikelo omkhulu ekunqobeni, uBoris Mikhailovich akakwazanga ukugubha umkhosi wakhe, onesibindi ngoMashi 26, 1945. Imbangela yokufa yayiyisisu somdlavuza. I-Newsreel nesithombe siyagcinwa, lapho esigcawini esibomvu, uJoseph Stalin uqala kuqala umlotha weHhoroshnikov ethuneni. Ngokukhumbula i-warlord yanikezwa ukubingelela ngo-24 volley kusuka kwezibhamu eziyi-124. Isidumbu sakhe siphumula odongeni lwe-Kremlin waseMoscow.Ukusindisa isibhakabhaka esinokuthula ezinganeni, abazukulu, abazukulu abaningi nezizukulwane ezalandela, uMarshal wasala emlandweni njengochwepheshe ovelele, umbhali wezincwadi kanye nomnikazi wemiklomelo eminingi. IPeru yakhe ingumnikazi wemvume ka "Army" kathathu - umsebenzi ovelele ebuholini bezenzo zamasosha. Isithombe somuntu sithunjwa e-cinema, lapho saphindelela khona uBruno Freindlich ("impi yeMoscow" namanye amafilimu).
-Zuzayo
- Ngo-1914 - Ukuhleleka kweSt Anne 4th degree
- Ngo-1914 - Umyalo weSt Vladimir degree ngezinkemba nomnsalo
- Ngo-1916 - I-Order of St Stanislav 3RD degree ngezinkemba nomnsalo
- Ngo-1916 - Ukuhleleka kweSt. Anne 3rd degree ngezinkemba nomnsalo
- Ngo-1916 - Order of St Anne 2nd degree ngezinkemba
- Ngo-1921, 1944 - Imiyalo emi-2 yesibhengezo esibomvu
- Ngo-1939, 1942, 1945 - 3 Order of Lenin
- Ngo-1934, 1938 - ama-oda ama-2 wenkanyezi ebomvu
- Ngo-1938 - Iminyaka ye-Medal "XX yeminyaka yabasebenzi 'kanye nebutho elibomvu labampofu"
- Ngo-1944 - I-oda leSuvorov i degree
- Ngo-1944 - Medal "Ukuvikela iMoscow"