I-Biograge
UVera Ivanovna Zasulin wayengumbhali kanye nentatheli, inani labantu kanye nomlingisi osebenzayo wenguquko. Kodwa-ke, emaphepheni omlando, wakhunjulwa ngesisekelo sokwesabeka kwezepolitiki, izindlela zazo eza kamuva.Ubuntwana nentsha
UVera wazalelwa esifundazweni saseSmolensk, emzaneni omncane obizwa ngeMikhaylovka, Julayi 27, 1849. Emndenini, ngaphandle kwakhe, kwakusekhona amadodakazi amabili. Izicukuthwane ezilele, izigxobo ngobuzwe, kunganqunyelwa ngokuphelele ukuphela kuhlangana. Futhi lapho ubaba we-Ivan Petrovich yesikhathi esizayo efa, umama wanquma ukunika indodakazi ethile nezihlobo ezicebile.
Yize kusemimolweni yomphakathi, isimo sabuke sabukeke. Ukuguqukela kumamemori ngempilo eBiacoloovo, owesifazane wabhala ngoNyan Mimin. Wavusa amalume abhalwe phansi amabili nomalume wakhe. Lapho bekhula, umbuzo wavuka ngokuzumayo kokuhlala endlini kaMalulichi.
Isikhundla somndeni sasifuna ukuba khona kwentombazana, uMimina wayefuna ukunakekela izingane. Ngakho-ke isiphetho sentombazane sanqunywa, esawela ngokugcwele izinceku ezesaba uNkulunkulu.
Lesi sikhathi sobuntwana kamuva inani labantu lizochaza amagama athi "umbuthano ophuphayo ujulile". Usayizi kanye nokuphila okuvilaphayo akazange akuthande. UMimima wenza ukuthi umfundi afundise imikhuleko, aya esontweni futhi kukhona ukudla okukhethiwe. Wayejeziswa ngokuphelele, yize engazange abone okushiwo kulokhu.
Umbono omuhle ngawo wakhiqiza iVangeli. Intombazane eningi ibonakala kuze kube phakade nangoMsindisi, kodwa, yayihlukaniswa noNkulunkulu nhlobo. Ukuphila kwasemhlabeni kwakubonakala kungenakuphela. Kwesinye isikhathi azisole futhi ukuthi akazange azalwe umfana, ngoba wayephupha ngomzabalazo omkhulu, wafunda ngentshiseko ngokuxhaphaza amavesi asendulo.
EBiacoloovo, intombazane ayizange ibe nguye. Ukuhlukana nezwe elincane kwakulula kulula kakhulu. Ukholo lwayithanda le ndawo, kepha wayende. E-17, le ntombazane yathunyelwa empesheni yaseMoscow.
UZasulin wayelungiselela ukuba yinhlangano. Ngo-1867, wasuka wanqoba uSt. Petersburg, enediploma diploma ezandleni zakhe. Kepha amathemba abaphothuli abenze iphutha - akekho ofuna ukuthatha izincomo zakhe ngaphandle kokuhlangenwe nakho komsebenzi nezincomo.
Ngakho-ke, le ntombazane yahlala kumantshi njengababhali eSerpukhov. Ngemuva konyaka, ukukholwa kwadonswa enhlokodolobha. EMoscow, waba yisixuku sezincwadi, ezazinika imisebenzi yesayensi. Ngalo, wahlanganyela ekuzithuthukisweni. Ngasikhathi sinye, ekugcineni wasungulwa esifisweni sokungenza ukuze kusizakale abantu kanye nezwe.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Owesifazane owanikeza konke ukucabanga kombono omkhulu, akaze azalelwa izingane. Kuyaziwa ngokuqinisekile ukuthi kwakukhona ebudlelwaneni bezothando nabalingani nakubantu abanomqondo ofanayo uLvom Grigorievich diech. Kepha kwakungekho mshado osemthethweni phakathi kwabo.
Unakekele impilo yakhe encane, enikeza inhliziyo enhlanganweni ethandwayo, kodwa wanikela ngamakhasi amaningi kumngane u-Alexandrovich Klimenz. Nguwo owathonya ikhambi lesishoshovu ukushiya phesheya.
Nge-ecstasy, indoda yatshela inguquko ngesimo esimangalisayo nezintaba ezinhle zale ndawo. UZasulich wanquma ukushiya izwe lakubo. Bahlala izinyanga ezine bendawonye. Kamuva, unkosikazi wamakhasimende u-Anna Epstein (Anca) wathi umyeni wakhe wazisola ngokholo futhi wanquma "ukundiza ezintabeni."
Kwakunamahlebezi okuthi ukholo kanye neziboshwa zezepolitiki u-Alexey Bogolyubov (Arbip Petrovich Edelyanov) babesebudlelwaneni bothando. Futhi-ke kuphela owesifazane wenza isenzo samaphekula, ezama ukubulala uFedor Trepov. Eqinisweni, laba bantu bebengajwakhekile.
Ukukhuthala
Ngisho nangaphambi kokuhlangana noSergei Gennadyevich, intombazane yenuzi yakwazi ukuvakashela imibuthano eminingana yezinguquko. Ngemuva kokukhululwa nomholi wokulungiswa kwabantu ", uZasulich wawela ngaphansi kwethonya lakhe. Le ndoda yabona amandla amakhulu okholweni futhi yazama ukwethula enhlanganweni etholwayo. Kodwa-ke, wenqaba iziphakamiso ezinjalo, ecabanga ngemibono yomeluleki omuhle.
Kodwa-ke, akuzange kuvimbele intombazane ukuthi ishiye i-NeCHAEV ikheli lakhe leposi. Isithiyo esinjalo sibize inkululeko yakhe. Iqiniso ngukuthi uSergey Gennadevich walisebenzisa ukuthumela izincwadi ezingekho emthethweni. Ukusuka esiphethweni seminyaka emi-2 ngenxa yalezi zinhlamvu, inani labantu laphinde liboshwe futhi lathunyelwa kusixhumanisi sokuya ku-tver kulokhu.
Ukholo ngokwethembeka lwathuthela eKharkov futhi wanquma ukuqala impilo entsha, yize kungaphansi kwamaphoyisa aseduze kwamaphoyisa phesheya kwezilwandle. UZasulich uthweswe iziqu eziqhulwini ezifundweni zababelethishi, kepha imibono yokuguqula ayizange imshiye. Inhlangano yokuqala angena kuyo yabizwa ngokuthi "Southern Buntari". Ngemuva kwalokho, ngemuva kokubuyela eSt. I-Zasulich yathola umsebenzi endlini yokuphrinta, exhumeke kakhulu "nomhlaba nokwenza".
Njengelungu laleli qembu elingekho emthethweni, wenza ubugebengu obumkhazimulisane nalo nasezweni lakubo, nakwamanye amazwe. Inguquko yakhiqizwa isibhamu ezimbili esivela emlandweni wedolobha laseSt. Petersburg Food TrePOVA, owayala isiboshwa sezepolitiki iBogolyubov ukuthi igxile ezinduku, futhi lokhu kuncike ekuvinjelweni kwenqwaba.
Icala, elaliqhutshwa ngenhla kuZasulich, langena endabeni. Ukuvikelwa okumelwe ngummeli uPeter Alexandrova kwakuyisimanga - ummeli onekhono waphendukela egijimeni nenkulumo, ngenxa yalokho okwakungela ukuthukuthela kungazenzisi ukuzama ukubulawa kokubulala, kodwa ngoTrepon uqobo.
Inkantolo ihole i-anatoly koni encane nengaguquki. Imibuzo ecacisiwe emi-3 imihlomulo ngaphambi kwalabo athathe umhlalaphansi emhlanganweni, wabasunduzela ekubekweni kwesigwebo esikhethekile. Kwathi kwenzeka - umphakathi uphuza ezandleni zommeli, futhi i-artantchka engakholelwa empethalweni yakhululwa futhi yahanjiswa endlunkulu, lapho ahlangana khona nomthengi, lapho ahlangana khona nomthengi.
By the way, izindaba eziphathelene nokucaciswa kwabamangalelwa ziveze yonke indawo. Ngakusasa kwanikezwa umyalo wokuboshwa kabusha. Icala lobugebengu liqale kabusha, kepha abangane basiza uZasulich ahambe phesheya futhi agweme ukuphetha. Lezi zenzo zabe zikhonjwe njengokuhlaselwa kwamaphekula okwaba yindawo yokuqala yokuguqula ukunyakaza eRussia.
ESwitzerland, owesifazane wajoyina iqembu lenkululeko yabasebenzi. Ngo-1879, kanye nemvelaphi ye "Black Redist" emthonjeni we "Black Remist". Njengoba usuthole usongo lwangempela lokuboshwa kabusha, wasuka eParis, lapho abukwa khona futhi aqala ukushumayela ama-Marxism.
Ekuthukeni, uVera wahlanganyela ekuhumusheni kwemisebenzi yezinjini zeFriedrich, i-athikili iphrinte futhi yathuthuka kwabasebenzi besayensi. EGeneva, imibono yokuphikiswa "ukusatshalaliswa kabusha okumnyama" kwentando "yabantu" yathuthukiswa, ngaleso sikhathi i-SOFYA PETOVSKAYA. Ukubuyela ezweni lakubo, isishoshovu sahlangana noVladimir Lenin, saba ngumhleli wephephandaba i-Iskra.
Ukushona
Umuntu owathatha ingxenye esebenzayo esiphethweni sezwe, ekugcineni kwempilo wakudumazeka okukhulu. I-Okthoba Revolution, ngokokukholwa, ayizange ilethe noma yini enhle eRussia.Ngaphambi kokufa, uZaroshin wanqotshwa abangane futhi wazama ukubhala ama-memes. Namuhla baqoqwa encwadini ehlukile futhi bazinkumbulo ezihlukanisekayo ze-biography egcwele abantu.
Ngo-1919, kwavela umlilo egumbini labesifazane egumbini labesifazane. Silte the Marxist Abantu, futhi ezinyangeni ezimbalwa, ngoMeyi 8, kwafa umsebenzi womphakathi. Imbangela yokufa yayingukuvuvukala kwamaphaphu. Ithuna lezintatheli litholakala ezinkolweni zokubhala zamathuna aseVolkova.
I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1889 - "I-Essay emlandweni womphakathi wamazwe omhlaba"
- 1889 - "Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Izwa izici zemibono yakhe yomphakathi "
- Ngo-1893 - "I-Voltaire. Impilo Yakhe Nemibhalo Emibhalo "
- Ngo-1903 - "Izinsuku zikaJulayi zisitshelani?"
- Ngo-1907 - "Ukuqoqwa Kwezincwadi"
- Ngo-1919 - "Izinkumbulo Zokuzama kuTrepov"
- 1919 - "Izinkumbulo"
- Ngo-1921 - "Izinguquko zivela ku-Lourgeois Medium"