I-Biograge
UTigran Petrosyan wenza umsebenzi omuhle kakhulu we-Chess Chess. Umdlali wase-Armenia uphinde waba ngumnqobi wemiqhudelwano emikhulu, iqhawe le-USSR, lenze izinguquko ezihehayo futhi wakhombisa ama-workshop amasu wokuvikela. Phakathi kwezimbangi, umzukulu wabhekwa njengomdlali onzima kakhulu weChess wonke wekhulu le-XX.Ubuntwana nentsha
I-World Champion yazalwa ngoJuni 17, 1929 eTiflis. Ngo-1943, kushona umama womfana, walandela, ngo-1944, washiya impilo yakhe nobaba. Udadewabo osekhulile waseVartush wabandakanyeka kwezemfundo. Ngaleso sikhathi, uTigran wayesehlangane e-chess, waya eTbilisi Poland of Pioneers, lapho u-Archila ebralidi ayehlanganyela khona engxenyeni yomdlali odumile we-chess.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-armenian esencane yaba nesithakazelo encwadini yomdlali odumile kanye ne-theorist ye-chess ubuciko beChess of Arona Nimelentventson "uhlelo lwami lokuzilolonga." UKumir wePetrosyan waba uJosé Raul Kapablanka, ochungechungeni lwawo lokudlala abancoma le nsizwa.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Injabulo Empilweni Yakho Trigran Vartanovich etholakala nonkosikazi wakhe uRona Yakovlowovna Avinezer. Ngokusho kwenganekwane, hhayi kuphela iqhawe lomhlaba elizayo, kepha u-Efim Geller, wanakekela ubuhle. Lapho intombazane ibuza ukuthi ngubani wabadlali be-chess, uRon waphendula: "I-Ullal izokhombisa", okusho ukuthi umqhudelwano osondelayo eSwitzerland ngo-1952.Emncintiswaneni, uPetrosyan wayenamandla amakhulu. Kepha, njengomlingani oshade naye wamukelwa kamuva, bashada ngaphambi kokuqala komncintiswano waseSwitzerland. Umbhangqwana waphila ngokuvumelana, mhlawumbe, ngoba lona wesifazane wayedlala i-chess ngokuphelele, wakuqonda lokho okwenziwe ngumyeni wakhe. Kuvele izingane ezimbili emndenini. Unkosikazi kagogo wanika indodana kaVartan, kanye nombhangqwana waphakamisa indodana yokutholwa kaMikhail.
Nendlovukazi
Ukunqoba kokuqala kuma-biografikhi womdlali weChess kwaqhamuka maphakathi no-1940. Ngo-1945, e-All-Enve-Union Championshipship, le nsizwa ihlala isuka ekhasini 1 liye endaweni yesithathu, yadlala zombili e-Armenia yayo nangomdabu naseGeorgia. Ngo-1947, wabamba iqhaza kwimifino ye-USSR Championship, lapho akwazi khona ukufeza okujwayelekile kwe-Master of Sports. Emqhudelwaneni ka-1948, ophikisana kaPetrosyan wenza uHenry Kasparyan onguMkhulu onolwazi lukaHenry Kasparyan, owanikela ngomsubathi omncane.
Emqhudelwaneni wezwe ngo-1949, uTigran wakwazi ukungena kowamanqamu futhi wathatha indawo eyi-16. Ngo-1950 wathuthela eMoscow, lapho aqhubeka khona endabeni ye-Chess Sports. Emiqhudelwaneni yenhlokodolobha, umdlali wase-Armenia waveza imiphumela emihle, okokuqala wahlala engxenye yesithathu, futhi kamuva isinyathelo sokuqala sepodium podium.
I-USPEKHIus ivunyelwe ukuthi ibambe iqhaza emqhumeni wakwa-1952 i-Interzone Arzone eSwitzerland, lapho yaba yi-Medalist. Kusukela kuleso sikhathi, isidlali se-chess njalo saya njalo emiqhudelwaneni yamazwe omhlaba.
Ngo-1962, uPetrosyan wawina umqhudelwano wabafakizicelo, owamnika ithuba lokulwa neMikhail Botvinnik uqobo, iqhawe lokuqala lomhlaba weSoviet. Kulesi sibonakaliso somdlalo, u-Armenia washaya umphikisi. Ngo-1966, uTigran walwa nomdlalo we-World Championship nge-Boris Spassky, kwathi ngo-1969 elahlekile kumdlali ofanayo.
Ngokuhambisana nemidlalo ye- "solo" yomdlali we-chess eqenjini leqembu lase-USSR libambe iqhaza kuma-Olimpiki Ama-Chess Olympiads, alethe ama-ITHINI ANTSHA AMAHHALA. Kusukela ngasekupheleni kwawo-1950 kuya maphakathi nawo-1970s, umsubathi wawuphindwe ka-9 onqobayo. Ugogo usuwile kaninginingi eYurophu umyalo we-Europe. Ngo-1970, wayephakathi kwabadlali bomdlalo wekhulu leminyaka, ebanjelwe eBelgrade.
Ngesikhathi sezemidlalo i-Petrosyan ivame ukubeka amarekhodi. Isibonelo, ama-UsSR ayisithupha ase-USSR adluliselwa e-Armenia ngaphandle kokunqotshwa okukodwa. Ngasekuqaleni kweminyaka yo-1960, isazi semvelo saseMelika Arpad Elo sithuthukise uhlelo lokubala ama-coefficients athile abadlali be-chess. Uhlu lokuqala, luhlanganiswe kulolu hlelo ngo-1964, lwaluholwa yiTigran Vartanovich kanye noBobby Fisher.
Ngokuka izilinganiso ze-ECO iminyaka eminingana, isidlali seSoviet sangena kwabadlali abayisithupha abadlali be-chess emhlabeni. Izimbangi zazisa uPetrosyan ngesitayela sokuqala, esihlanganisa ukubalwa okunembile nemiqondo emihle. Le ndoda yazibonakalisa njengomuntu omuhle kakhulu owaziyo ukubala kanjani ukushukumisela okuningana kweshumi nambili.
I-Champion incamela ukwenza izikhundla zeqembu, hhayi engcupheni. Ngenxa "yomuzwa wengozi," abanye abadlali be-chess bakubiza ngale ndlela, uTigran Vartanovich emiqhudelwaneni yango-1962 waba ngumnqobi ngokuphelele. Wagcizelela kaninginingi engxoxweni athanda kakhulu kunokuhlasela. Imvamisa, kulo mdlalo, isi-Armenia sasebenzisa ukwamukela okubizwa ngokuthi "isisusa sasePerrian Pesheki".
Ukushona
Ekuqaleni kwama-80s, umdlali weChess wafunda ukuthi ugula kakhulu. Ugogo washona ngo-Agasti 13, 1984. Imbangela yokufa yayiyisisu somdlavuza. Ithuna lomdlali litholakala emathuneni ase-Armenia eMoscow.Ngemuva kokunakekelwa kwePetrosyan empilweni, ngo-2006, kwasungulwa itshe lesikhumbuzo eJerevan. Ukuhlonipha abanqobi abaningi e-Armenia baphinde bakhiphe izitembu ngomfanekiso wakhe. Umlando ugcinile futhi izithombe eziningi ze-wizadi.
Ukukhumbula
- Indlu Ephakathi ye-Chesswethu I-Armenia ebizwa ngePetrosyanai
- UPetrosyan Street in Yerevan
- Chess Club of Trade Unions eMoscow
- Ipulangwe leSikhumbuzo ekhaya eTbilisi, lapho kuphila khona uPeteryan
- Iyala intsha nememori yabantu abadala emikhamikhali ye-petrosyan eMoscow
- 2004 kwathiwa unyaka wokukhumbula we-tigran petrosyan
- Inkumbulo yememori petrosyan
- I-Medal "Tigran Petrosyan" - Abaqeqeshi abawina umklomelo bempumelelo ekhethekile eminyakeni yamuva
- Ukuhlonipha petrosyan, kwakhishwa izitembu zokuposa ze-Armenia
- Isithombe sikaPetrosyan sibekwe ku-banknote ngenani le-par kuma-drams angama-2000
I-Bibliography
- 1968 - "I-Chess nefilosofi"
- 1989 - "Izinkulumo ze-Chess Petrosyan"
- 1985 - "Isu Lokuthembela"
- 2015 - "Amaqembu ami amahle"
- 2018 - "Isikole se-Chess seTigran Petrosyan"