I-Biograge
U-Arthur Chilarov ungumcwaningi okhathazekile we-Arctic ne-Antarctica. Wawa phansi engxenyeni yeNorth Pole, waphila ngeqhwa cishe ngaphandle kwesikhashana, waletha iBhite Bearish. I-Polar Star yaphinde yangeniswa ezinweleni ekufeni, kodwa ngaso sonke isikhathi lapho nganginenhlanhla ngasohlangothini lwakhe. Manje u-Arthur Chilarov - I-Russia yaseRussia, iSekela Lombuso we-Duma weRussia Federation, IPhini - uMongameli we-Russian Geographical Society.Ubuntwana nentsha
U-Arthur Nikolaevich Chilarov wazalelwa eLeningrad ngoSepthemba 23, 1939. Ngobuzwe, ungumRasiya wase-Armenia: Igazi laseCaucasian lasuka kuYise. Ngesikhathi sobuntwana, ama-polar expressional awela iminyaka esindayo yamabomu.
Indlu lapho uhlala khona umndeni waseChililov waphila khona kwakuvame ukuphathwa ngaphansi kwezikhwebu. Kanye ebusuku, uphahla luwa ngenxa yokuqhuma. Impilo ka-Arthur nabazali bayo basindisa imibhede yensimbi - uphahla lulengiswa kubo.
Ngesinye isikhathi i-chiligov yacishe yafa ezandleni zikanyoko. Wabiwa ngamakhadi encwadi, futhi yena, owayengakwazi ukukhuthazelela ukuncishiswa kwe-leningrad ka-blockade, wanquma ukuzibulala, kanye nokwehla kwesibabule, kuhlanjululwe kusuka emabhokisini omdlalo. Kuleli cala, owesifazane wabulawa udadewabo, anti chililova: waletha imikhiqizo yakhe.
UPolarist uyakhumbula: "Ngaleyo ndlela ngazalwa ngayo, mhlawumbe ngokwesibili noma okwesithathu.Ngenxa ye-tete Arthur ayizange ahlupheke yindlala. Usebenze esibhedlela futhi wathatha umshana ngokuthi "ukondla". Ukuze ajeziswe ngokuqinile, ngakho umfana kwadingeka acashe endabeni. IPolarist ikhiphe engxoxweni:
"" Ukuquleka "" Kwabafileyo Kusindisiwe Ekufeni Kwendlala. "Ukuphela nge-Arctic ne-Antarctica Arthur Chilarov eboshwe ngokulandelana kwekusasa. Wayefuna ukungena eLeningrad Eaval School: bandla kahle futhi bahlinzeka ngefomu elihle. Kodwa ukufika ephathekayo ehlonishwayo ye-mechanct.
U-Arthur wabonakala ezilinganisweni zawo ezivivinyweni ezidlulayo, ngakho wawela emnyangweni we-vladimir nikolayevich koshkin koshkin. Ubuye waphakamisa insizwa ukuba iye efektri ye-Arctic, lapho izindawo zesabelomali zahlala khona.
"" Yiliphi ikhono le-Arctic? " Ngicele izwi likaKoshkin liwile. Waphendula wathi waziphothula yena angabe esazisola. Bengicabanga ukuthi inhloko yesikole yayimuhle impela, futhi ngokushesha yavuma, "kusho iChililorov eyayikhuluma ngesikhathi sakhe esedlule.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umfundi wadlulisela lo mkhuba ngamanzi anesivunguvungu soLwandle lweKara. Ngaleso sikhashana, iqiniso elimangalisayo laphenduka: Ebusheni bePolar Explorer bezwa ngokuqinile. Isifo sasolwandle sikwazile ukunqoba ukuqeqeshwa okungapheli.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Uma umsebenzi kaChililov wayengena engcupheni engapheli, khona-ke ukuzola kwaqashelwa empilweni yakhe - kuwukuphambanisa, mnene. UTatyana Alexandrovna waba ngumngane ofanele wePolar Explorer. Engxoxweni, iqhawe laseRussia lakhumbula:
"Ngambona futhi ngaqonda ngokuzumayo: Sekuyisikhathi sokubopha ngempilo kaBachelor. Kunabangani abaningi, kepha unkosikazi akakaze abe munye. Ngokuvamile, wathandana neze. "
Ukulindela kukaChililaria uTatiana Alexandrovna kufanelekile ngokujwayelekile. Lapho i-polar ihlola iqoka inhloko yoMnyango weHydrometeror Service e-Anderma, idolobhana lamaNenets ezinkamezo ezizimele i-Okrug, wacabanga ukuthi isikhathi eside, wethula izindaba zomkakhe. Useye wafunda, kusho umsho wami kuphela:
"Kuphi ibhulashi lami lamazinyo?"UNikolai Chiligarov, Son Arthur Nikolaevich noTatiana Aleksandrovna, ezalwe ngo-1974. Waba ngusomabhizinisi, manje ongumnikazi wenkampani "PromststroyProekt". Ngo-1982, kwavela indodakazi kaKsenia Chililarova emndenini. Ngo-2009-2012, wayeshade nomuntu wephula umthetho uDmitry Kogan, kodwa igama ligcinile isibongo. Ukwahlulela nge- "Instagram", iKsenia Arturovna ixhumeke nemboni yezemfashini - kunezithombe zayo eGucci naseVucciace.
Umsebenzi wesayensi
Irekhodi lethrekhi likaChililov lihle kakhulu kangangokuba ukudluliswa kwazo zonke izimpumelelo zalo kanye ne-merit ngeke kube yincwadi eyodwa. Kepha futhi nezikhathi ezisemqoka ze-biography yakhe eyenele eyazi ukuthi: U-Arthur Nikolayevich ubengayinikezeli izihloko zeqhawe le-Soviet Union kanye neqhawe laseRussia.Umsebenzi kaCellear waqala ngokufunda koLwandlekazi i-Arctic. Ngo-1969, waqokwa ukuba yinduna yesiteshi esidishelayo North Pole - 19 (SP-19).
Ngelinye ilanga leqhwa, lapho ukuqhuma khona izikhala ze-polar zihlanjululwe futhi zaqala ukuwa. Emanzini eqhwa, sashiya inqubo, amatende, ukudla. Ngokuyisimangaliso u-Arthur Chiligarov wakwazi ukugwema izisulu zabantu. Ukuhlala kabusha kwendawo entsha ehlala ezinyangeni ezi-2. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukubonwa kwesayensi akuzange kuyeke. Ngenxa yokuphuma kobungozi, kungenzeka ukuthola ukuthi ulwandle olusenyakatho lungasetshenziswa unyaka wonke.
Ngo-1974, u-Arthur Nikolaevich wayeholwa yi-Amdrminia of Territorial Heace for hydrometeterology kanye nokulawulwa kwemvelo yemvelo. Ngemuva kokuqokwa, iqembu lakhe laya ukuyobeka izinzwa, kepha izindiza ziyahlanya endaweni ephakeme. Engxoxweni ne-chiligarov, ukhumbula ukuthi inombolo yokudla yezindiza "ibibi" - 4243: Inani liphenduka umdwebo weshumi nambili.
Bonke abantu abayi-10 ababengelona ngaphakathi, bakwazi ukusinda. Bachitha usuku lweqhwa ngaphambi kokuba abalingani babo batholwe. Kusukela lapho, u-Arthur Chilarov uhlala ebhapathizwa ngaphambi kokuba uhlale phansi.
Ingozi engapheli eyenziwe u-Arthur Nikolaevich Empat - usetshenziselwa ukushesha ngaphandle kokucabanga. Kwenzeka ngo-1985, lapho umkhumbi wokucwaninga uMikhail uStolov wanamathela eqhweni. Kulolu hlelo lokuhlenga, inkanyezi ye-polar kanye nesihloko seqhawe seSoviet Union sahlonishwa.
Ngo-1991, uChilarov wayengomunye wokuqala ukundiza e-Antarctica endizeni ethi "nzima". Eminyakeni eyishumi kamuva, esibonelweni somuntu siqu, wafakazela ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ungene esigxotsheni esiseningizimu usebenzisa izindiza ezikhanyayo.
Ukuze ikhomishini ye-High-Tech Arctic Depy-Water Amentsition ngo-2007, u-Arthur Chilarov unikeze isihloko se-Hero yeRussia. Kepha bekunzima kakhulu ukubuya kukho. I-Polar Star yakhunjulwa engxoxweni:
"Kungenzeka ukuthi kwande kuhamba phambili, ngamathuba angama-70 kuye kwangama-30. 70 - ukuthi ngeke sibuye. Lesi ukuphela kwesikhathi engabhala ngayo iTestamente. Ngabhala umkami lapho, ubani okufanelekile. Ukudlala nje, kunjalo! "Ipolitiki
Ngo-1993, u-Arthur Nikolaevich waqala waqala wahlala esihlalweni sePhini leSekela le-Duma laseRussia of the Russian Federation. Kuze kube ngu-2011, wamelela ama-Nenets ezizimele esifundeni, esasivele sikhona.
Kulesi sishayamthetho "I-Piggy Bank" yePolar Explorer - Ukuphikisana nokwamukelwa kwezintandane kusuka eRussia yizakhamizi zase-US, ukwesekwa ukukhulisa iminyaka yobudala yokuthatha umhlalaphansi. Yena uqobo wayengumbhali wabambisana nezinhlelo nezichibiyelo ezingaphezu kuka-70 kwimithetho ye-Federal. Ngokusho kwewebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-State Duma, iChililarov iqukethe ikomidi ezindabeni zamazwe omhlaba.
U-Arthur Chiligarov manje
Ngaphandle kokuguga, u-Arthur Chiligarov kwiNkampani FODEDOR KONYUKHOVE, omunye umhambi ongakhathali, uhlela ukugxila ezansi kokudangala kwaseMariana. Ukuxoshwa kuhlelwe ngo-2018, kepha ngokushesha kwacaca: Ukulungiselela kuzothatha isikhathi eside kunokuhlelwa. Umnqamulajuqu wahlehliselwa ngoMashi 2021.
U-Arthur Chiligarov noFyodor Knihukhov balungiselela uhambo oluyingozi olungelona imali engakanani ukuze bafinyelele ezansi, kungakanani ukuvulwa kwama-vertices amasha - noma, kunalokho, ososayensi beRussia.
Abahambi baphendukela kuMongameli waseRussia uVladimir Putin onesicelo sokuhlinzeka ukusekelwa kwenhlangano ngokuphuma kwabo. Ngenxa yalokho, esikhundleni seminyaka engu-6-8, i-batiskof ihlelwe ukuthi yakhiwe eminyakeni emi-2-3.
Kuze kube manje, u-Arthur Nikolaevich uhola inqubomgomo yokuphila ethule. Kusukela ngo-2020, umelela izintshisekelo ze-Khakakassia, eKrasnoyarsk Territory kanye namathayili embuthano uMbuso weRussia Federation. Isikhathi segunya lakhe siphelelwe yisikhathi ngo-2021. Futhi, i-Polar Explorer ingummeleli okhethekile womongameli weRussia Federation ngokubambisana kwamazwe omhlaba e-Arctic nase-Antarctica.
-Zuzayo
- 1976 - Order "Udumo Sign"
- 1981 - Ukuhleleka kwesibhengezo esibomvu
- 1986 - I-Hero of the Soviet Union
- 1986 - Ukuhleleka kweLenin
- 2002 - Order "Polar Star"
- 2003 - Order "for Maritime Merit"
- 2007 - Order "for Merit to Babaland" III Degree
- Ngo-2008 - iqhawe leRussian Federation
- 2014 - Order "for Merit to Babaland" IV degree
- 2014 - Indondo enkulu yegolide yendawo yaseRussia
- 2019 - Order "for Merit to Babaland" II Degree